Objective To establish an Oncomelania hupensis snail database based on smartphone and Google Earth. Meth?ods The HEAD GPS software was loaded in the smartphone first. The GPS data of the snails were collected by the smartphone. The original data were exported to the computer with the format of KML/KMZ. Then the data were converted into Excel file for?mat by using some software. Finally the results based on laboratory were filled and the digital snail data were established. The data were converted into KML and then were showed by Google Earth visually. Results The snail data of a 5 hm2?beach along the Yangtze River were collected and the distribution of the snails based on Google Earth was obtained. The database of the snails was built. The query function was implemented about the number of the total snails the living snails and the schistosome infected snails of each survey frame. Conclusion The digital management of the snail data is realized by using the smartphone and Google Earth.

Objective To make various schistosomiasis epidemic maps based on Google Earth. Methods The various ele-ments for schistosomiasis epidemic maps were marked in the Google Earth platform by adding the place mark,path,polygon, overlay and so on. Results Various schistosomiasis epidemic maps were produced and saved,such as the schistosomiasis epi-demic area map of the city,the map of Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution in the town,and the schematic map of snail envi-ronments. Conclusion The schistosomiasis epidemic maps based on Google Earth are clear and visual. The production process is very simple and easy to learn. It is suitable for the use in the grass-root schistosomiasis control stations.

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous separation and determination of oxalic acid (OA), tartaric acid(TA), malic acid(MA), vitamin C (VC), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA) citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA) in Fructus mume.

METHODAnalytical column was Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18. Mobile phase was 0.5% (NH4) H2PO4 aqueous solution and detection wavelength was 214 nm. The flow rate of mobile phase was 0.5 mL x min(-1).

RESULTThe regression equations (pH 2. 8, adjusted with phosphoric acid) of eight constituents have been established, r = 0.999 7, 0. 999 8, 0.999 2, 0.999 6, 0.999 1, 0.999 5, 0.999 8, 0.999 2 respectively. Meanwhile, the content and proportion relationship of eight organic acids in Fructus mume which yielded in Fujian (China) were investigated.

CONCLUSIONThis method was simple, accuracy and quick. The method can be used for the purpose of routine analysis and the quality control of a botanic (Fructus mume) containing these organic acid components.

Acetic Acid ; analysis ; Ascorbic Acid ; analysis ; Carboxylic Acids ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Citric Acid ; analysis ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; analysis ; Malates ; analysis ; Oxalic Acid ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prunus ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Succinic Acid ; analysis ; Tartrates ; analysis

OBJECTIVESTo study the correlation between positive rates of RNA in clinical confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients and its appearance in relation to the development of the disease in order to provide scientific basis for early diagnosis, effective prevention and treatment of the disease.

METHODSOne-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the SARS RNA in the clinical specimens from different courses of the disease. The representative amplicons were then sequenced. Chi-square for trend test was performed to study the correlation between positive rates of RT-PCR and at different periods after the onset of the disease.

RESULTSThe fragments amplified from the sputum specimens of SARS patients were shown to share 100% homology with the published SARS-associated coronavirus. Of the different clinical specimens, positive rate in the stools appeared to be the highest (21.55%). Chi-square for trend test revealed that the positive rates of stools and sputa of SARS patients decreased with the development of the disease (chi(2) for trend = 12.55 and 16.408, P = 0.0004 and P = 0.000 05 respectively).

CONCLUSIONOne-step RT-PCR proved to be an effective method for the detection of SARS-associated coronavirus from clinical specimens. Data as indicated that the positive rates of SARS coronavirus were decreasing in SARS patients along with the disease progression.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chi-Square Distribution ; China ; Disease Progression ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucus ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; pathology ; virology

Objective To propose a method for predicting weaning outcomes based on machine learning and electrical impedance tomography(EIT).Methods Firstly,EIT image features were extracted from a total of 84 samples from 30 patients,and the important features screened with the extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)algorithm were used as inputs to the model.Secondly,the prediction model was built with six machine learning methods,namely random forest(RF),support vector machines(SVM),XGBoost,gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT),logistic regression(LR)and decision tree(tree).Then the prediction model had its prediction performance evaluated by AUC,accuracy,sensitivity and specificity under imbalanced dataset,over-sampling balanced dataset and random under-sampling balanced dataset.Results In terms of AUC,accuracy and specificity,the model under the over-sampling balanced dataset and the random under-sampling balanced dataset behaved better than that under the imbalanced dataset(P＜0.05);in terms of sensitivity,the difference in model performance between the over-sampling balanced dataset and the imbalanced dataset was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),and the model performance under the random under-sampling balanced dataset decreased when compared with that under the imbalanced dataset(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the model performance under the over-sampling balanced dataset and that under the random under-sampling balanced dataset(P＞0.05).The model based on XGBoost behaved the best under the over-sampling balanced dataset,with an AUC of 0.769,an accuracy of 0.808,a sensitivity of 0.938 and a specificity of 0.600.Conclusion The method based on machine learning and EIT predicts weaning outcomes of patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation,and thus can be used for auxiliary decision support for clinicians to determine the appropriate timing of weaning.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(10):1-6]

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPNES) against Oncomelania hupensis on the soil surface and inside the soil layer by immersion method in winter. Methods O. hupensis snails were placed on the soil surface and 2, 5 cm and 10 cm under the soil layer outdoors in winter, and then immersed in 50% WPNES at concentrations of 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L for 1, 3 d and 7 d, while dechlorinated water served as controls. Snail mortality was observed following immersion with 50% WPNES on the soil surface and inside the soil layer. Results Following immersion with 50% WPNES at concentrations of 2 mg/L and 1 mg/L outdoors in winter, the 3-day corrected snail mortality rates were 98.0% and 76.0% on the soil surface, and the 7-day corrected snail mortality rate was both 100.0%. Following immersion with 50% WPNES at concentrations of 2 mg/L and 1 mg/L outdoors in winter, the 7-day corrected snail mortality rates were 95.5% and 85.6% 2 cm below the soil layer, 66.0% and 6.4% 5 cm below the soil layer. However, the 7-day snail mortality rate swere comparable between the 50% WPNES treatment group (at 2 mg/L and 1 mg/L) and controls 10 cm below the soil layer (both P > 0.05). Conclusion Immersion of 50% WPNES at a concentration of 2 mg/L for 7 days presents a high molluscicidal efficacy against O. hupensis on the soil surface and 5 cm within the soil layers in winter.