Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of pemetrexed injection combined with cisplatin injection in the treatment of recurrent lung adenocarcinoma.Methods A total of 80 patients with recurrent lung adenocarcinoma were randomly divided into control group (n =40 cases) and treatment group (n =40 cases).Control group was given docetaxel 75 mg · m-2,intravenous infusion for 1 h at day 1 + cisplatin 25 mg · m-2,intravenous infusion for 1 h at day 1-3.Treatment group was given pemetrexed 500 mg · m-2,intravenous infusion at day 1 + cisplatin 25 mg · m-2,intravenous infusion for 1 h at day 1-3.Two groups were treated for 2 cycles with 21 d per cycle.The clinical efficacy,survival time and adverse drug reactions were compared between two groups.Results After treatment,in the treatment and control groups,the overall response rates were 57.50％ (23/40 cases) and 47.50％ (19/40 cases),the disease control rates were 87.50％ (35/40 cases) and 77.50％ (31/40 cases)with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,in the treatment and control groups,the median progression-free survival were 6.4 and 5.8 months;the median overall survival time were 9.9 and 9.0 months;1 year survival rates were 35.00％ (14/40 cases) and 30.00％ (12/40 cases) without significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The adverse drug reactions in treatment and control groups were based on leukopenia (50.00％ vs 47.50％),thrombocytopenia (7.50％ vs 10.00％),hemoglobin reduction (37.50％ vs 37.50％),nausea and vomiting (52.50％ vs 52.50％),hair loss (47.50％ vs 47.50％),liver and kidney injury (7.50％ vs 7.50％),the differences were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Pemetrexed injection combined with cisplatin injection has a definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of recurrent lung adenocarcinoma,without increasing the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Animals ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between Chinese medical (CM) syndrome types of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, polymorphisms of IL-1B, and IL-1β.

METHODSTotally 192 CAG patients and 202 healthy subjects (as the healthy control group) were recruited in this case-control study. The Hp infection was tested by 13C-urea breath test and colloidal gold-labeled assay (GICA). The concentration of peripheral blood IL-1β was measured by ELISA. The polymorphisms of IL-1B gene in the promoter region were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSPi-Wei weakness syndrome (PWWS) was dominant in CAG patients (31.77%, 61/192 cases). The Hp infection ratio in CAG patients was 53.65% (103/192 cases), of which, Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome(PWDHS, 64.86%, 24/37 cases) and Gan-Wei disharmony syndrome (GWDS, 66.67%, 24/36 cases) were dominant. Compared with the health control group, the plasma concentration of IL-1β was obviously elevated in CAG patients with PWDHS, GWDS, and static blood obstructing collaterals syndrome (SBOCS) (all P < 0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL-1 B gene between the CAG patients and the healthy control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence risk of CAG was not associated with IL-1B polymorphism. But CM syndrome types of CAG patients was associated with Hp infection and peripheral blood IL-1β levels.

Case-Control Studies ; Gastritis ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymorphism, Genetic

[Objective]To investigate the molecular mechanism of abnormal platelet activation induced by platelet O2 ·- and H2O2 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.[Methods]The platelet parameters in patients with type 2 diabetic patients and normal controls were measured;Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the platelet morphology changing;Flow cytometry was used to detect platelet intracellular O2 ·- and H2O2 content in two groups,then with platelets in normal controls treated with NADH/PMS system and H2O2 respectively,platelet activation positive percentage was observed. Standard Western blot analysis protocols were used to detect expression difference of Catalase and type 2 super-oxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)in platelets.[Results]The MPV in the group of type 2 diabetic patients was significantly higher than in the normal control group(P < 0.001),but there was no statisticdifference in PLT,PDW,PCT between two groups. Immunofluorescence results showed that morphology of platelets in type 2 diabetic patients changed contrast to normal group. Through flowcytometry detection,the content of mitochondrial O2·-and H2O2 of platelet in type 2 diabetic patients were obviously higher than in normal group(P<0.05),whereas no significant difference in cytoplasmic O2·-. We adopted NADH/PMS system and H2O2 to treat platelets of normal group,heightened activated positive percentage were observed which described O2 ·- and H2O2 can significantly promote platelet activation(P<0.01). Western blot results showed that expression of Catalase in platelet of type 2diabetes patients decreased,while the expression and activity of Mn-SOD had no difference.[Conclusion]It is diabetic platelet Catalase expression decreased that may lead to Diabetic platelet mitochondrial O 2 ·- and H2O2 level increased ,thus regulating aberrant activation of diabetic platelet.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference of serum high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase (HMAP) levels between biliary atresia (BA) and neonatal hepatitis (NH), and to develop a new differential method and early diagnostic indicators for cholestatic jaundice in neonates.

METHODSTotally 31 patients with cholestatic jaundice seen between Aug. 2000 and Feb. 2002, including 15 cases with BA, 16 cases with NH, 30 healthy infants and 30 infants with non-cholestatic jaundice were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were obtained from each subject by using venipuncture. The samples were stored at -80 degrees C and analyzed within 6 months. A murine hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody to human high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase (MoAb HMAP-1) was prepared by using partially purified HMAP from human serum as the immunogen. The antibody did not cross-react with other alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isozymes. A monoclonal antibody immunocatalytic assay for HMAP in serum was developed by using MoAb HMAP-1 bound to nitrocellulose membrane discs. The serum total ALP (TALP) and gamma-GT were determined in the meantime, the hepatobiliary ultrasonography and scintigraphy were performed too. The data were analyzed with t test, chi-square test and percentage. Comparisons were made between BA and NH with their sensitivity and specificity in different methods.

RESULTSSerum HMAP was detected in 14 of 15 patients of BA, in 2 of 16 NH patients, while in none of the healthy control group. The positive ratios of serum HMAP in BA and NH were 93.3% and 12.5%, respectively (P < 0.005). The sensitivity and specificity of serum HMAP in BA and NH were 93.3% and 87.5%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of TALP, gamma-GT and hepatobiliary scintigraphy were 80.0%, 73.3%, 86.7% and 62.5%, 68.8%, 62.5%, respectively, which were clearly lower than those of serum HMAP.

CONCLUSIONSThe determination of serum HMAP was more sensitive and specific than the other methods tested. Therefore the method can be used as a useful indicator for cholestatic jaundice in neonates, although it needs further study.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; methods ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; blood

Objective To understand the influencing factors of hypertension control,and to provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention measures.Methods A two-stage cluster random sampling method was performed and a total of 1 377 cases and 749 controls in Yuhang District were selected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used.Results The control rate of hypertension was 64. 77%.Hypertension control was related to BMI,course of disease and models of follow-up by univariate logistic regression analysis(P<0. 05 ).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR =0. 983,95%CI=0. 974 -0. 993 ),male (OR =1. 272,95%CI=1. 053 -1. 535 ), overweight (OR=0. 709,95%CI=0. 576-0. 872),obesity (OR=0. 297,95%CI=0. 210-0. 421)and model of group follow-up (OR=0. 495,95%CI=0. 375 -0. 654)were the major influencing factors.Conclusion The older age,male, overweigt,obesity and model of group follow-up were the major influencing factors.Comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened so as to improve the control rate of hypertension in community.

Objective To observe the abnormal Minnesota code (MC) distribution and interrelated characteristic on electrocardiograms (ECGs) of the adult Kazakh population.Methods Resting ECGs and blood press of randomly sampled 30 000 adult Kazakh people in three Northern regions of Xinjiang were continuously examined and analyzed,using Minnesota code recommended by WHO as the classification of ECG.Results The overall rate of abnormal ECG findings was 248.60‰,and the main abnormality in males was 146.83‰,compared to 157.71‰ in females.The prevalence rates of abnormal ST-T changes,the total arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation (AF) were 100.03‰,71.17‰ and 2.83‰ respectively.There were statistically significant differences among the main abnormities from the three regions.Conclusion The ECGs abnormalities of adult Kazakh people were high.There was significant relation found between the main abnormalities and hypertension.The prevalence of AF was different from the domestically reported literature that calls for further study.

In order to explore the differences between the mechanisms of selenite-induced apoptosis and arsenic induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, growth inhibition was determined by MTT test, apoptosis determined by DNA electrophoresis and analysis of intracellular DNA contents, reactive oxygen species and reduced glutathione in the cell were measured by Lucigenin dependent chemoluminescent (CL) test and spectrophotometry, and mitochondrial transmembrane potential was measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that: 5 micro mol/L sodium selenite similar to 1 micro mol/L arsenic trioxide could induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells after treatment for 24 hours. Both could elevate the level of reactive oxygen species and intensify mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse, accompanied with decrease of reduced glutathione centent. The effect of selenium selenite on these aspects was more significant than those of arsenic trioxide. Elevation of intracellular glutathione in N-acytlcysteine pretreated NB4 cells could enhance the selenite induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, but ameliorate the arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. It was concluded that sodium selenite and arsenic trioxide can induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells, but there are significant differences between the mechanisms of selenite-induced and arsenic-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, particularly in the influence of intracellular glutathione content on the drug action.
Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; DNA, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Glutathione ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Membranes ; drug effects ; physiology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; physiology ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; drug effects

In order to evaluate the effect of sodium selenite on the activation of NFkappaB during selenite-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, Western blot was used to measure the level of P65 in nuclear extraction of NB4 cells treated with sodium selenite to reflect the activation of NFkappaB; the apoptosis of NB4 cells was determined by morphological observation, DNA ladder electrophoresis and flow cytometry; and MTT test was used to measure the growth inhibition of cells. Results showed that sodium selenite (>/=5 micro mol/L) suppressed the cell growth, induced apoptosis and inhibited the activation of NF kappaB in a concentration- and time-dependency pattern. It was concluded that inhibition of NF kappaB might be one of the mechanisms in selenite-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology

AIMTo explore sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells.

METHODSThe growth inhibition of NB4 cells was measured by MTT test. Apoptosis was determined morphologically by Giemsa stain and by DNA ladder formation in electrophoresis. Quantitation of apoptosis was determined by percentage of PI stained cells containing subdiploid amount of DNA measured by flow cytometry. Generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in NB4 cells was determined by lucigenin dependent chemoluminescent (CL) test. Spectrophotometer was used to measure the level of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in the cell.

RESULTSSodium selenite was shown to inhibit the growth of NB4 cells. Sodium selenite induced apoptosis with dose and time dependency: the ratio of subdiploid cells in control group was 1.3% +/- 0.7%. The 5 mumol.L-1 group was 10.4% +/- 1.4%, 10 mumol.L-1 group was 16% +/- 1%, and the 20 mumol.L-1 group was 27.3% +/- 0.8%. Sodium selenite (> or = 5 mumol.L-1) enhanced the ROS level markedly in NB4 cells (in 20 mumol.L-1 group ROS level was increased by 17 times, compared with control group), accompanied with decrease of reduced intracellular glutathione. These effects were time and dose dependent. N-acytlcysteine as an antioxidant was found to inhibit sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in NB4 cells.

CONCLUSIONSodium selenite can induce apoptosis of NB4 cells and would possibly be used as an agent for the treatment of malignancy. The main mechanism of action might be related to oxidative stress induced by sodium selenite, thereby, leading to apoptosis as shown in NB4 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured