Animals ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between Chinese medical (CM) syndrome types of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, polymorphisms of IL-1B, and IL-1β.

METHODSTotally 192 CAG patients and 202 healthy subjects (as the healthy control group) were recruited in this case-control study. The Hp infection was tested by 13C-urea breath test and colloidal gold-labeled assay (GICA). The concentration of peripheral blood IL-1β was measured by ELISA. The polymorphisms of IL-1B gene in the promoter region were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSPi-Wei weakness syndrome (PWWS) was dominant in CAG patients (31.77%, 61/192 cases). The Hp infection ratio in CAG patients was 53.65% (103/192 cases), of which, Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome(PWDHS, 64.86%, 24/37 cases) and Gan-Wei disharmony syndrome (GWDS, 66.67%, 24/36 cases) were dominant. Compared with the health control group, the plasma concentration of IL-1β was obviously elevated in CAG patients with PWDHS, GWDS, and static blood obstructing collaterals syndrome (SBOCS) (all P < 0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL-1 B gene between the CAG patients and the healthy control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence risk of CAG was not associated with IL-1B polymorphism. But CM syndrome types of CAG patients was associated with Hp infection and peripheral blood IL-1β levels.

Case-Control Studies ; Gastritis ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymorphism, Genetic

[Objective]To investigate the molecular mechanism of abnormal platelet activation induced by platelet O2 ·- and H2O2 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.[Methods]The platelet parameters in patients with type 2 diabetic patients and normal controls were measured;Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the platelet morphology changing;Flow cytometry was used to detect platelet intracellular O2 ·- and H2O2 content in two groups,then with platelets in normal controls treated with NADH/PMS system and H2O2 respectively,platelet activation positive percentage was observed. Standard Western blot analysis protocols were used to detect expression difference of Catalase and type 2 super-oxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)in platelets.[Results]The MPV in the group of type 2 diabetic patients was significantly higher than in the normal control group(P < 0.001),but there was no statisticdifference in PLT,PDW,PCT between two groups. Immunofluorescence results showed that morphology of platelets in type 2 diabetic patients changed contrast to normal group. Through flowcytometry detection,the content of mitochondrial O2·-and H2O2 of platelet in type 2 diabetic patients were obviously higher than in normal group(P<0.05),whereas no significant difference in cytoplasmic O2·-. We adopted NADH/PMS system and H2O2 to treat platelets of normal group,heightened activated positive percentage were observed which described O2 ·- and H2O2 can significantly promote platelet activation(P<0.01). Western blot results showed that expression of Catalase in platelet of type 2diabetes patients decreased,while the expression and activity of Mn-SOD had no difference.[Conclusion]It is diabetic platelet Catalase expression decreased that may lead to Diabetic platelet mitochondrial O 2 ·- and H2O2 level increased ,thus regulating aberrant activation of diabetic platelet.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference of serum high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase (HMAP) levels between biliary atresia (BA) and neonatal hepatitis (NH), and to develop a new differential method and early diagnostic indicators for cholestatic jaundice in neonates.

METHODSTotally 31 patients with cholestatic jaundice seen between Aug. 2000 and Feb. 2002, including 15 cases with BA, 16 cases with NH, 30 healthy infants and 30 infants with non-cholestatic jaundice were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were obtained from each subject by using venipuncture. The samples were stored at -80 degrees C and analyzed within 6 months. A murine hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody to human high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase (MoAb HMAP-1) was prepared by using partially purified HMAP from human serum as the immunogen. The antibody did not cross-react with other alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isozymes. A monoclonal antibody immunocatalytic assay for HMAP in serum was developed by using MoAb HMAP-1 bound to nitrocellulose membrane discs. The serum total ALP (TALP) and gamma-GT were determined in the meantime, the hepatobiliary ultrasonography and scintigraphy were performed too. The data were analyzed with t test, chi-square test and percentage. Comparisons were made between BA and NH with their sensitivity and specificity in different methods.

RESULTSSerum HMAP was detected in 14 of 15 patients of BA, in 2 of 16 NH patients, while in none of the healthy control group. The positive ratios of serum HMAP in BA and NH were 93.3% and 12.5%, respectively (P < 0.005). The sensitivity and specificity of serum HMAP in BA and NH were 93.3% and 87.5%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of TALP, gamma-GT and hepatobiliary scintigraphy were 80.0%, 73.3%, 86.7% and 62.5%, 68.8%, 62.5%, respectively, which were clearly lower than those of serum HMAP.

CONCLUSIONSThe determination of serum HMAP was more sensitive and specific than the other methods tested. Therefore the method can be used as a useful indicator for cholestatic jaundice in neonates, although it needs further study.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; methods ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; blood

Objective To observe the abnormal Minnesota code (MC) distribution and interrelated characteristic on electrocardiograms (ECGs) of the adult Kazakh population.Methods Resting ECGs and blood press of randomly sampled 30 000 adult Kazakh people in three Northern regions of Xinjiang were continuously examined and analyzed,using Minnesota code recommended by WHO as the classification of ECG.Results The overall rate of abnormal ECG findings was 248.60‰,and the main abnormality in males was 146.83‰,compared to 157.71‰ in females.The prevalence rates of abnormal ST-T changes,the total arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation (AF) were 100.03‰,71.17‰ and 2.83‰ respectively.There were statistically significant differences among the main abnormities from the three regions.Conclusion The ECGs abnormalities of adult Kazakh people were high.There was significant relation found between the main abnormalities and hypertension.The prevalence of AF was different from the domestically reported literature that calls for further study.

Objective To understand the influencing factors of hypertension control,and to provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention measures.Methods A two-stage cluster random sampling method was performed and a total of 1 377 cases and 749 controls in Yuhang District were selected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used.Results The control rate of hypertension was 64. 77%.Hypertension control was related to BMI,course of disease and models of follow-up by univariate logistic regression analysis(P<0. 05 ).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR =0. 983,95%CI=0. 974 -0. 993 ),male (OR =1. 272,95%CI=1. 053 -1. 535 ), overweight (OR=0. 709,95%CI=0. 576-0. 872),obesity (OR=0. 297,95%CI=0. 210-0. 421)and model of group follow-up (OR=0. 495,95%CI=0. 375 -0. 654)were the major influencing factors.Conclusion The older age,male, overweigt,obesity and model of group follow-up were the major influencing factors.Comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened so as to improve the control rate of hypertension in community.

OBJECTIVETo study the possible induction effect of exposure to 50 Hz magnetic field (MF) on clustering of cell membrane surface receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), the starting site of signals of biological effects, and its possible intervention effect.

METHODSLung fibroblasts of Chinese hamster (CHL) were exposed to EGF, TNF, 0.4 mT 50 Hz MF, 0.4 mT noise MF, and 0.4 mT 50 Hz MF combined with 0.4 mT noise MF. Respectively, for different durations, following the treatment, EGF and TNF receptors on the cell membrane were marked by corresponding antibodies with immunohistochemical method, then observed under a confocal microscope.

RESULTSClustering of cell membrane receptors could be induced 5 min after treatment with EGF and TNF, as well as with 50 Hz MF at 0.4 mT, which reached the peak in 15 min. While noise MF with the same intensity did not induce clustering of cell membrane receptors. Superposition of noise MF with the same intensity could inhibit clustering of cell membrane receptors induced by 50 Hz MF.

CONCLUSIONClustering of EGF and TNF receptors on the cell membrane could be induced by 50 Hz MF, suggesting that membrane receptors would be one of the sites where MF signals coupled, and noise MF with the same intensity could inhibit these effects.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible effect of exposure to GSM 1,800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and its possible interference by noise magnetic fields (MF).

METHODSChinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CHL) were exposed to 1,800 MHz RF EMF (modulated by 217 Hz or 50 Hz, or unmodulated), 2 microT noise MF, and RF EMF combined with 2 microT noise MF for 15 min, respectively. The specific absorption rates (SARs) of RF EMF were 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 W/kg. Commercial EGF (1 ng/ml) treatment was used as positive control. EGF receptors on the cell membrane were observed under a laser scanning confocal microscope after indirect immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSEGF receptor clustering was induced after exposure to GSM 1,800 MHz RF EMF modulated by 217 Hz or 50 Hz MF at SARs of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 W/kg for 15 min as induced by 1 ng/ml EGF, but not at SAR of 0.1 W/kg. And no EGF receptor clustering was found in cells after exposure to unmodulated RF EMF or 2 microT noise MF. In addition, superposition of 2 microT noise MF could inhibit the EGF receptor clustering induced by GSM 1,800 MHz RF EMF.

CONCLUSIONEGF receptor clustering in CHL cells can be induced by GSM 1,800 MHz RF EMF at the lowest SAR of 0.5 W/kg and inhibited by noise MF. The modulation of wave may play an important role in the inducement of receptor clustering after RF exposure.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Lung ; cytology ; Radio Waves ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism

AIMTo explore sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells.

METHODSThe growth inhibition of NB4 cells was measured by MTT test. Apoptosis was determined morphologically by Giemsa stain and by DNA ladder formation in electrophoresis. Quantitation of apoptosis was determined by percentage of PI stained cells containing subdiploid amount of DNA measured by flow cytometry. Generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in NB4 cells was determined by lucigenin dependent chemoluminescent (CL) test. Spectrophotometer was used to measure the level of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in the cell.

RESULTSSodium selenite was shown to inhibit the growth of NB4 cells. Sodium selenite induced apoptosis with dose and time dependency: the ratio of subdiploid cells in control group was 1.3% +/- 0.7%. The 5 mumol.L-1 group was 10.4% +/- 1.4%, 10 mumol.L-1 group was 16% +/- 1%, and the 20 mumol.L-1 group was 27.3% +/- 0.8%. Sodium selenite (> or = 5 mumol.L-1) enhanced the ROS level markedly in NB4 cells (in 20 mumol.L-1 group ROS level was increased by 17 times, compared with control group), accompanied with decrease of reduced intracellular glutathione. These effects were time and dose dependent. N-acytlcysteine as an antioxidant was found to inhibit sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in NB4 cells.

CONCLUSIONSodium selenite can induce apoptosis of NB4 cells and would possibly be used as an agent for the treatment of malignancy. The main mechanism of action might be related to oxidative stress induced by sodium selenite, thereby, leading to apoptosis as shown in NB4 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of low dose sodium selenite combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on apoptosis and differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells.

METHODSApo-ptosis was detected by translocation of phosphatidylserine (PS) with a Annexin-V kit and DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis analysis, cell differentiation was studied by flow cytometry of CD(11b) expression and NBT reduction assay.

RESULTSFive micromol/L sodium selenite or 0.1 micromol/L ATRA alone could not induce apoptosis of NB4 cells within 48 hours. However, combination of the two drugs at the same doses as above could induce significant apoptosis in 48 hours characterized by increased PS translocation and DNA ladder. Sodium selenite at concentration of 2 micromol/L was not able to induce differentiation of NB4 cells, but when combined with 0.1 micromol/L ATRA, CD(11b) expression and NBT reduction were increased as compared with that of 0.1 micromol/L ATRA alone.

CONCLUSIONLow dose sodium selenite could enhance the effects of low dose ATRA in inducing apoptosis and differentiation of NB4 cells.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; CD11b Antigen ; analysis ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology