No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*blood ; Thyrotropin/*blood

AIMTo know the effect of cysteamine (CS) on the plasma levels of somatostatin (SS) and some metabolic hormones in adult geese.

METHODSFourteen adult crossbred geese (Chuan white x Tai lake) fitted with chronic wing vein cannulas were used in this study to evaluate the effect of CS on SS, TSH, T3 and T4 levels. The experiment was consisted of control and treated phase. The diet was added CS at dosage of 100 mg/kg bw on the first day of the treated phase. The blood samples were collected from the cannulas and analyzed by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSThe plasma SS concentration was (1.87 +/- 0.10) microg/L in control phase. Whereas SS concentrations on day 1, 3, 5, 7 of treated phase were decreased markedly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Thereafter it was rose on the seventh day, however it was still lower than that of control. The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) content (2.45 +/- 0.31 mIU/L) was significantly decreased by 21.63% (P < 0.01) on day 1, and 18.37% (P > 0.05) on day 3 and day 5. Comparing with control phase (5.41 +/- 0.98 microg/L), T4 contents were elevated by 60.26% (P < 0.01), 43.25% (P < 0.01), 37.15% (P < 0.01) and 16. 82% (P < 0.01) respectively on day 1, 3, 5, 7. T3 level was (1.05 +/- 0.06) microg/L in control phase, whereas the levels was significantly increased by 36.19% (P < 0.01) on day 3. Also, the insulin concentration was higher than that of control (4.43 +/- 0.41 mU/ L) by 18.28% (P < 0.05) on the day 5.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that CS can decrease the plasma SS and TSH levels, whereas increase the levels of T4, T3 and insulin, therefore change metabolism, improve the nutrition transform and accelerate the growth in geese.

Animals ; Cysteamine ; pharmacology ; Diet ; Geese ; Insulin ; blood ; Somatostatin ; blood ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood

Aged ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; complications ; Muscular Diseases ; etiology ; Rhabdomyolysis ; etiology ; Thyrotropin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the neonatal umbilical cord blood thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level in the universal iodized salt areas and put forward the cut-point, then analyze its application.

METHODSSeven provinces were selected where the pregnant women having satisfied urinary iodine levels, then the urinary samples of pregnant women and the neonates cord blood were collected for urine iodine and TSH tests, and the relative factors were also recorded.

RESULTSTotal 1 524 urine and cord blood samples were collected from pregnant women and their new borns respectively. The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 246.0 micro g/L, and the median TSH was 3.58 mU/L. The TSH level among seven areas and the neonatal delivery type varied significantly.

CONCLUSIONSThe neonatal cord blood TSH was influenced by several factors and could not be controlled, thus not be suitable as a iodine deficiency disorders surveillance indicator.

Delivery, Obstetric ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Iodine ; pharmacology ; urine ; Pregnancy ; Thyrotropin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of auricular acupuncture combined with iodine salt on juvenile endemic goitre, and regulative action on thyroid hormones.

METHODSSeventy-five cases of juvenile endemic goitre were randomly divided into a treatment group treated with auricular acupuncture combined with iodine salt, and a control group treated with iodine salt alone. The changes of T3, T4 and TSH contents were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, serum T3 increased and TSH decreased in the treatment group as compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAuricular acupuncture combined with iodine salt can promote reduction of endemic goitre or elimination, and effectively regulate synthesis and metabolism of thyroid hormones.

Acupuncture, Ear ; Adolescent ; Goiter, Endemic ; Humans ; Iodine ; Thyroid Hormones ; blood ; Thyrotropin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo summarize and analyze neonatal screening results for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in parts of Yunnan Province, China.

METHODSA total of 236 218 newborns (121 463 males and 114 755 females) who were born in Zhaotong City, Qujing City, Lijiang City, and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China, between July 2012 and April 2014 were screened for CH. The original blood smear was re-tested if the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level in heel blood was ≥8 μIU/L in the initial screening. The newborns with positive TSH results were called back for further diagnosis by measuring blood TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) levels.

RESULTSAmong 236 218 newborns, the pass rate of blood smears, re-acquisition rate of unqualified blood smears, and recall rate of suspected cases were 96.67%, 81.75%, and 73.02%, respectively. Sixty-six cases of CH were confirmed, among which 36 were male infants and 30 were female infants (P>0.05). The incidence rate of CH was 1/3 579, which was significantly lower than the national average rate (1/2 034; P<0.01). The gestational age of CH newborns was mostly between 37 to 42 weeks, and only 3% were born at a gestational age of >42 weeks. Most of the CH newborns had normal birth weight. The CH newborns with a body length of <50 cm accounted for 32%.

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of CH in Yunnan Province is lower than the national average. There are no specific clinical features in CH newborns. The neonatal screening in Yunnan Province needs further improvement.

China ; epidemiology ; Congenital Hypothyroidism ; blood ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neonatal Screening ; Thyrotropin ; blood

BACKGROUNDMaternal thyroid dysfunction is common during pregnancy, and physiological changes during pregnancy can lead to the overdiagnosis of hyperthyroidism and misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism with nongestation-specific reference intervals. Our aim was to compare sequential with nonsequential methods for the evaluation of thyroid function in pregnant women.

METHODSWe tested pregnant women who underwent their trimester prenatal screening at our hospital from February 2011 to September 2012 for serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) using the Abbott and Roche kits. There were 447 and 200 patients enrolled in the nonsequential and sequential groups, respectively. The central 95% range between the 2.5th and the 97.5th percentiles was used as the reference interval for the thyroid function parameter.

RESULTSThe nonsequential group exhibited a significantly larger degree of dispersion in the TSH reference interval during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters as measured using both the Abbott and Roche kits (all P < 0.05). The TSH reference intervals were significantly larger in the nonsequential group than in the sequential group during the 3rd trimester as measured with both the Abbott (4.95 vs. 3.77 mU/L, P < 0.001) and Roche kits (6.62 vs. 5.01 mU/L, P = 0.004). The nonsequential group had a significantly larger FT4 reference interval as measured with the Abbott kit during all trimesters (12.64 vs. 5.82 pmol/L; 7.96 vs. 4.77 pmol/L; 8.10 vs. 4.77 pmol/L, respectively, all P < 0.05), whereas a significantly larger FT4 reference interval was only observed during the 2nd trimester with the Roche kit (7.76 vs. 5.52 pmol/L, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONSIt was more reasonable to establish reference intervals for the evaluation of maternal thyroid function using the sequential method during each trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, the exclusion of pregnancy-related complications should be considered in the inclusion criteria for thyroid function tests.

Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; physiology ; Reference Values ; Thyroid Gland ; physiology ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between maternal milk and serum thyroid hormones in patients with thyroid-related diseases.

METHODSSerum and breast milk samples were collected from 56 breastfeeding mothers. Milk and serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyrotrophin (TSH) were determined, and T3/T4 was calculated. Using the serum thyroid hormones as the independent variables and milk thyroid hormones as the dependent variables, we performed linear regression analysis.

RESULTSThe milk FT3, FT4, T3, T4, TSH, and T3/T4 were (2.30 ± 0.82) pg/ml ,(0.45 ± 0.26) ng/dl, (0.35 ± 0.20) ng/ml, (2.96 ± 1.55) Μg/dl, (0.12 ± 0.08) ΜU/ml, and 0.12 ± 0.04, respectively. Milk FT3 (r = 0.778, P = 0.000), T3 (r = 0.603, P = 0.000), T4 (r = 0.485, P = 0.004), and TSH (r = 0.605, P = 0.000) concentrations were positively correlated with those in serum.

CONCLUSIONThyroid hormones are present in human milk and are positively correlated with those in serum.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Milk, Human ; chemistry ; Thyroid Diseases ; blood ; Thyroid Hormones ; blood ; chemistry ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; chemistry ; Triiodothyronine ; blood ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study iodine nutrition of pregnant women in different occasions and thyroid function of their neonates.

METHODSUrinary iodine of pregnant women and their serum T(3), T(4), FT(3), FT(4) were determined by chloric acid-digestion thermostatic assay and RIA, TSH determination by IRMA; neonatal umbilical cord blood TSH was determined by ELISA.

RESULTSMedian urinary iodine of pregnant women were 206.3 microg/L, 161.4 microg/L, 203.3 microg/L at 10 - 14 (first occasion), 23 - 27 (second occasion) and 39 - 40 (third occasion) week but the percentage that lower than 100 microg/L were 14.6%, 17.1%, 11.1% respectively. Serum T(3), T(4) of pregnant women was significantly higher than those women of premarital health inspection (PHIW, P < 0.001). The difference of serum T(3), T(4) of pregnant women at 10 - 14 and 39 - 40 week was not significant. Serum FT(3), FT(4) of pregnant women at 39 - 40 week were 2.61 +/- 0.47 pmol/L and 5.50 +/- 1.57 pmol/L respectively. The difference of serum TSH concentration at third occasion and first occasion of pre-pregnancy was significant but the difference of TSH frequency distribution in three groups was not significant (chi(2) = 1.138, P > 0.5). Blood TSH median neonatal umbilical cord was 1.99 mU/L but the percentage that higher than 5 mU/L was 9.4%.

CONCLUSIONFor those areas with high iodized salt coverage, pregnant women had had sufficient iodine supplement and good thyroid function. The percentage of neonates from iodine sufficient pregnant women with TSH > 5 mU/L was lower than 10%. Using the normal range of nonpregnant FT(3) and FT(4) to estimate the thyroid function of pregnant women could cause mis diagnosis.

Female ; Fetal Blood ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Iodine ; urine ; Pregnancy ; Thyroid Gland ; physiology ; Thyroid Hormones ; blood ; Thyrotropin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship of occupational stressors with the serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

METHODSUsing convenience sampling and cluster sampling methods, 225 policemen from a local police station in China were enrolled as subjects. Questionnaires were used to investigate demographic features and occupational stressors in those subjects. The serum levels of T3, T4, and TSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. The SPSS 13.0 software was used to perform t test or analysis of variance, partial correlation analysis, and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSReward was positively correlated with the level of T3(P<0.05). Daily tension was positively correlated with the level of T4(P<0.05). Psychological demand, effort, and daily tension were negatively correlated with the level of TSH (all P<0.05). The quality of sleep was positively correlated with the level of TSH (P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of increase in T3 level in the group with a high score for daily tension was 3.19-fold higher than that in the group with a low score, while the risk of increase in T3 level in the group with a high score for negative emotion was 1.32-fold higher than that in the group with a low score. The risk of increase in TSH level in the group with a high score for negative emotion was 0.43-fold that in the group with a low score.

CONCLUSIONThe occupational stressors are correlated with the serum levels of thyroid hormones. Occupational stress can result in an increase in T3 level and a decrease in TSH level. However, occupational stress has no effect on T4 level.

China ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Police ; Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thyrotropin ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood