Carcinoma ; therapy ; Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

Thyroid microcarcinoma(TMC) refers to the diameter less than 1cm in thyroid cancer. In recent years, with high frequency ultrasound and pathology diagnosis technology development and improvement, the incidence of TMC increased dramatically. However, there are a lot of controversy about its complication, treatment methods and value of treatment both in domestic and abroad. In this paper,we review literatures in the passed 5 years both in domestic and abroad, and investigated the progress of treatment for TMC. Agreement on the view: routine central lymph node dissection should be done regularly in the treatment thyroid microcarcinoma.
Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

Biological Therapy ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; therapy

Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; therapy

Novel molecular-targeted therapies involving various kinds of kinase inhibitors show promising results in the treatment of advanced thyroid carcinoma refractory to conventional treatment such as surgery and radioiodine treatment. Partial response rates around 15~30% and disease stabilization in additional 30~60% are reported in clinical trials using these drugs. In this review, the introduction about many kinase inhibitors in clinical trials nowadays and the results focusing on phase 2 trial will be discussed. With the development of this various kinds of potent kinase inhibitors and encouragement of enrollment to further clinical trials will give hope to the patients with refractory thyroid cancer in the near future.
Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Phosphotransferases ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

The prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is excellent, which is mainly due to the high therapeutic efficacy of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy as well as indolent nature of thyroid cancer itself. Although most patients with DTC are well treated with RAI therapy, a certain number of patients have been suffered from refractoriness to RAI therapy. To overcome refractoriness, many alternative treatments have been investigated, and they could be classified based on the mechanisms of action; redifferentiation drug and molecular targeted drug. Not only redifferentiated drugs but also molecular targeted drugs could induce differentiation of thyroid cancer cells. Consequently, alternative treatments allowing tumor cells of RAI avidity followed by RAI therapy could utilize a synergistic effect of both therapies. Combined RAI therapy is expected to improve therapeutic effects and prognoses of RAI refractory thyroid cancers.
Humans ; Iodine ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Prognosis ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

Humans ; Reference Standards ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; therapy

Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Thyroid Neoplasms/therapy*