Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

Primary thyroid lymphomas (PTLs) are closely correlated with the autoimmune reaction of thyroid. However, the molecular mechanisms of PTLs are still unclear. It is really necessary to improve the ability to differentiate between benign and malignant PTLs along with the introduction of some new molecular biology methods. The diagnosis and prognosis of PTLs depend on their histological features, pathological classification, and clinical stages. Customized therapy of PTLs becomes possible with the further advances in lymphoma's pathological classification, clinical stages, and international prognosis index standard.
Humans ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

Lung metastases are more common in metastatic disease in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Because of its insidious onset and slow development, clinical diagnosis is relatively difficult. Some possible diagnostic methods for detecting the lung metastasis of DTC including serological examination, radionuclide imaging and other medical imaging patterns are discussed in this paper. The progress and the current situation about investigation of those modalities which are in the early diagnosis, recurrent and clinical evaluation for the lung metastasis of DTC are briefly reviewed. Therefore, it is expected to promote DTC with lung metastasis to a higher diagnostic level.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : The optimal management of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules is controversial given the variable malignancy rates reported in this patient population. We examined the prevalence of malignancy within cytologically indeterminate atypical and follicular thyroid lesions in an attempt to predict malignancy based on cytologic features. Subjects and METHOD : Cytopathologic reports obtained after fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) examination of indeterminate follicular thyroid lesions were studied over a 2-year period. The prevalence of malignancy on final pathology was determined in 2 indeterminate cytopathologic categories. RESULTS : A total of 138 records were available (122 women, 16 men). The mean patient age was 45.5+/-13.5 years. All patients underwent surgery and had histopathologic diagnosis. The prevalence of malignancy in atypical and follicular thyroid lesions were 77.7% (42 of 54) and 17.8% (15 of 84), respectively. CONCLUSION : The high prevalence of malignancy within indeterminate atypical and follicular thyroid lesions may necessitate thyroidectomy for patients with indeterminate atypical and follicular lesions on the FNAB examination.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Pathology ; Prevalence ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Thyroidectomy

The detection of thyroid nodules has become more common with the widespread use of ultrasonography (US). US is the mainstay for detecting and making the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules as well as for providing guidance for a biopsy. The Task Force on Thyroid Nodules of the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology has developed recommendations for the US diagnosis and US-based management of thyroid nodules. The review and recommendations in this report have been based on a comprehensive analysis of the current literature, the results of multicenter studies and from the consensus of experts.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland/pathology/ultrasonography ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/ultrasonography ; Thyroid Nodule/pathology/*ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

We describe a case of bilateral thyroid carcinoma in a 48-year-old woman. She was admitted to our hospital as a case of cervical nodular goiter. Multifocality of the thyroid nodules were evaluated by preoperative ultrasonography. The patient received bilateral thyroid lobe total resection and bilateral IV lymph node dissection. Medullary thyroid cancer was confirmed by intraoperative frozen pathology in the right lobe of thyroid gland and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in the left lobe of thyroid gland. No tumor recurrence and metastasis were found after 3-months follow-up.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adenoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cell Nucleus ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnosis ; Thyroiditis ; diagnosis

A 56 years old female was admitted to our department with complaint of a painless cervical mass. Clinical feature:there was a painless mass above left lobe of thyroid gland, which was about 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm in size, and could move with swallowing action. B-mode ultrasound features: there was a solid mass in left lobe of thyroid gland, which was about 3.2 cm. Nodule was found in isthmus, accompanied with lymphadenovarix on the left neck possibly be MCA. fT3: 4.64 pmol/L, fT4:16.56 pmol/L,TSH:3.74 mIU/L, anti-TG:17.75 U/ml, anti-TPO:40.77 U/ml. Pathological result of the neoplasm: papillocarcinoma. Clinical diagnosis: papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Deglutition ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; pathology ; Parathyroid Glands ; pathology ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; pathology ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to investigate the level of agreement between tumor sizes measured on ultrasonography (US) and in pathological specimens of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and to identify the US characteristics contributing to discrepancies in these measurements. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the US findings and pathological reports of 490 tumors in 431 patients who underwent surgery for PTC. Agreement was defined as a difference of <20% between the US and pathological tumor size measurements. Tumors were divided by size into groups of 0.5-1 cm, 1-2 cm, 2-3 cm, and ≥3 cm. We compared tumors in which the US and pathological tumor size measurements agreed and those in which they disagreed with regard to the following parameters: taller-than-wide shape, infiltrative margin, echogenicity, microcalcifications, cystic changes in tumors, and the US diagnosis. RESULTS: The rate of agreement between US and the pathological tumor size measurements was 64.1% (314/490). Statistical analysis indicated that the US and pathological measurements significantly differed in tumors <1.0 cm in size (P=0.033), with US significantly overestimating the tumor size by 0.2 cm in such tumors (P<0.001). Cystic changes were significantly more frequent in the tumors where US and pathological tumor size measurements disagreed (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Thyroid US may overestimate the size of PTCs, particularly for tumors <1.0 cm in size. This information may be helpful in guiding decision making regarding surgical extent.
Decision Making ; Diagnosis ; Dimensional Measurement Accuracy ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Ultrasonography

Objective To evaluate extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with three-dimensional tomographic ultrasound imaging (3D-TUI). Methods A total of 97 thyroid nodules of 79 patients with PTMC treated in PUMC Hospital from February 2016 to January 2018 were included in this study.Two ultrasound experts performed independent blinded assessment of the relationship between thyroid nodules and thyroid capsule by two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) and 3D-TUI.The results of 2D-US and 3D-TUI in evaluating ETE were compared with intraoperative findings and postoperative histological and pathological results. Results Among the 97 nodules,54 (55.7%) nodules had ETE.The diagnostic sensitivity (68.5% vs.37.0%;χ²=10.737,P=0.002),accuracy (74.5% vs.56.7%;χ²=6.686,P=0.015),and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[0.761 (95%CI=0.677-0.845) vs.0.592 (95%CI=0.504-0.680);Z=3.500,P<0.001] of 3D-TUI were higher than those of 2D-US.However,3D-TUI and 2D-US showed no significant difference in the specificity (84.1% vs.81.4%;χ²=0.081,P=0.776),negative predictive value (67.9% vs.50.7%;χ²=3.645,P=0.066),or positive predictive value (84.1% vs.71.4%;χ²=1.663,P=0.240). Conclusion Compared with 2D-US,3D-TUI demonstrates increased diagnostic efficiency for ETE of PTMC.
Humans ; Thyroid Nodule ; Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology* ; Ultrasonography/methods* ; Retrospective Studies