No abstract available.
Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable* ; Hemorrhage* ; Thrombin*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False ; Femoral Artery ; Thrombin

No abstract available.
Humans ; Skin* ; Thrombin* ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Argatroban, a direct thrombin inhibitor, has been suggested to be beneficial in acute ischemic stroke by preventing microthrombi formation. The aim of this multicenter, aspirin-controlled, randomized trial is to determine the safety and the efficacy of argatroban compared with aspirin in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: The patients within 48 hours of noncardioembolic ischemic stroke were recruited from 8 centers. Argatroban was infused continuously at 2.5 mg/hr for the first 48 h, and then 10mg of argatroban was infused over 3 h twice a day on days 3-7. Control group received aspirin 300 mg/day for 7 days. The primary outcome was the NIHSS at 30 days and the secondary outcome was Barthel index (BI) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 days. The safety was evaluated by the incidence of bleeding complication. RESULTS: A total of 236 patients (123 for argatroban and 113 for aspirin) were included. NIHSS at 30 days, BI at 90 days and mRS at 90 days did not show significant difference between the argatroban and the aspirin group (3.1 +/- 3.1 vs 3.5 +/- 3.0, 88.9 +/- 22.5 vs 86.2 +/- 23.8, 1.4 +/- 1.1 vs 1.6 +/- 1.3, p>0.3, respectively). Post hoc analysis revealed that as for the patients who were treated within 24 hours after onset, numbers of patients with NIHSS=1 at 30 days were larger in the argatroban group (23 of 49) than in the aspirin group (10 of 40) (p=0.03). Bleeding complication was not different between the two groups (2 of 123 vs 0 of 113: p>0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Argatroban treatment is relatively safe in acute ischemic stroke. The efficacy of argatroban is not superior to aspirin. However, argatroban may be more beneficial in some subgroup of stroke patients than aspirin.
Aspirin ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Stroke* ; Thrombin

Fiften patients had their split-thickness skin-donor sites treated open using topical thrombin solution. This technique was more convenient compared with commonly using compression dressing technique. Application of topical thrombin solution to the donor sites quickly provided complete hemostasis and became dry within forty-eight hours. Thereafter an almost pain-free donor site and uncomplicated healing was followed in all cases. The two cardinal advantages of this treatment are thought to be followings; 1) It markedly reduces the period of discomfort from the donor site. 2) It encourages rapid, uncomplicated healing of the donor site.
Bandages ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Skin ; Thrombin ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of restenosis after angioplasty and to clarify the effect of thrombin and its receptor on restenosis development.

METHODSBalloon catheter-induced injury was adopted to induce intimal hyperplasia of the carotid arteries in rats. Antisense thrombin receptor (ATR) cDNA was transfected by perfusing recombinant LXSN ATR plasmid/nanoparticle complex into the segment of the injured carotid artery.

RESULTSPCR result showed integration of the recombined gene. Dot blot showed the expression of antisense TR mediated by recombinant LXSN ATR plasmid/nanoparticle complex in the wall of common carotid arteries of the experimental group rats, which enabled to inhibit TR gene expression and intimal hyperplasia of the injured arteries.

CONCLUSIONSThrombin and its receptor play an important role in the formation of neointima after the injury, which provides a potential clue in developing a new approach for prevention and treatment of restenosis after angioplasty.

Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; Hyperplasia ; Rats ; Receptors, Thrombin ; metabolism ; Thrombin ; pharmacology ; Tunica Intima ; metabolism

Thrombin is a multifunctional serine protease that plays a key role in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. In addition to the role in hemostasis and coagulation, thrombin has other numerous biological activities affecting inflammation, immune responses, tissue repair and wound healing. Apart from its physiological role thrombin activates the oncogenic potential of both normal and malignant cells and leads a metastatic phenotype. It is a potent mitogen for many tumor cells. It potentiates the proliferative response of tumor cells to some growth factors, increases the adhesive properties to the platelets and invasion processes of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix, enhances the metastatic capacity of tumor cells, activates angiogenesis and remodels the microenvironment of the tumor. The cellular biological effects of thrombin are mediated at least in part by a new subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors designated proteinase-activited receptors (PARs). Thrombin has a bilateral effect on tumor cells:enhanced growth at low concentration, impaired growth/apoptosis at higher concentration. In this papers, the biological function of thrombin, thrombin and tumors, and thrombin receptors etc were reviewed.
Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Receptors, Thrombin ; physiology ; Thrombin ; physiology

The effects of hemocoagulase in injectable form(hemocoagulating enzymatic fraction of South American snake Botrops Jararaca venom provided by Ravizza) on the control of intraocular bleeding during vitreous surgery were evaluated in rabbit eyes. Intraocular infusion solution with hemocoagulase(1 NIH thrombin unit/100 ml BSS) significantly reduced the bleeding time to 33.2 +/- 9.7 seconds. Electroretinogram b-wave and electroretinogram c-wave showed no abnormality. Infusate with hemocoagulase appeared to be a favorite agent for the control of intraocular bleeding during viteous surgery.
Batroxobin* ; Bleeding Time ; Bothrops ; Hemorrhage* ; Snakes ; Thrombin ; Venoms

The occurrence of pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery after catheterization is uncommon. Ultrasonography-guided compression is currently the first choice of treatment, with a success rate of more than 90%. Recently, however, with the increasing use of larger percutaneous instruments and periprocedural anticoagulation, the incidence of pseudoaneurysm unresponsive to ultrasonography-guided compression is increasing. The authors encountered a case of pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral artery which did not respond to the repeated use of this technique, though treatemnt involving was successful. We believe that in ultrasonography-guided percutaneous thrombin injection was successful. We believe that in cases involving occlusion of a a pseudoaneurysm in which ultrasonography-guided mpression has failed, this is a simple, safe, and time-saving procedure.
Aneurysm, False* ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Femoral Artery* ; Incidence ; Thrombin* ; Ultrasonography*

Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms are extremely rare in children. Conventional management of pseudoaneurysms in adults has included surgical repair, ultrasound-guided compression, and more recently, endovascular embolization. However, in infants and children, there is little information regarding the applicability of such treatment modalities, which have been effective in adults, because of its rarity. Here, we present the case of a 6-month-old infant who developed a postprocedural pseudoaneurysm of the external iliac artery, which was successfully treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous thrombin injection.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False* ; Child ; Humans ; Iliac Artery* ; Infant* ; Thrombin*