From December 2000 to March 2003, at Huu Nghi Hospital, 85 patients with tracheal intubation were studied. There was no statistically statistic significances between 2 groups (of success and of failure) concerning the age, predicted body mass, the duration of mechanical ventilation. The causes of respiratory deficiencies needing mechanical ventilation were: infections, cerebral infarctus, cerebral hemorrhagy, acute left heart failure, acute myocardiac infarctus, diabetes. CROP diagnostic value of weaning from mechanical vetilation was higher in success group than in failure group. Threshold value of CROP index  13 (ml/breathing rythm/minute) had got a sensitivity of 0.65, specificity 0.89, predicted positive value 0.84, negative 0.74, under curb surface ROC = 0.875.
Ventilation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Body Mass Index ; Age Factors

In East Mediterranean countries, in Oman islamic country up to the year 1995, in Saudi Arabia there are some regulations for traditional medicaments. From November 1993, in Argentina, regulation concerning the registration and the trade of traditional medicines were promulgated, pursuant this, the traditional preparations must be registered within 180 days. In Canada, medicinal herbal, as medicines must be in compliance of the rules of labeling and other rules of the Law of Foods and Drugs. American Law regulates the labeling as for food additives – WHO survey noted on the administration of traditional medicine only in Mali, Mauritania and South Africa
Medicine, Traditional ; Public Policy ; Case Management

Ecstasy has been registered in 1914 as an anti-tired medicament for military use. From the year 1980, Ecstasy becomes an excitant using in amusing with the name of “shaking drug”, “Rabid drug”. After consumption, users become cheery, infatuated, vigilant, untiring, loosing of the feel of hunger, fond of groping for and embracing, drinking alcohol and beer, dancing in all night. In the state of passionately fond the user can kill and rape. After a stage of exciting, the user can get severe and long weakening, get psychologic disturbance, get acute hepatitis. The harmfulness of ecstasy can be continuously listed
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ; Military Personnel ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Antibiotic use must carefully and must exactly consider according to indication and combined exactly method and disease. To against antibiotic resistance, urgent methods is needed such as drugs used exactly disease, sufficient dose and enough time. For physicians, should careful if prescribe antibiotic, don't use new drug if older drug still effective, review antibiotic resistance to choose exactly, preservation obey exact standards, limited using antibiotic for cattle and poultry
Antibiotics, Antifungal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Delivery of Health Care

The clinical results, expert's opinions are reported. Among 200 studied drug products, 91 products haven't new effects, 33 drugs have suspected effects or no effect, 7 drugs aren't trust and may be dangerous. On the other hand, drug's price are increasing, it raised median 5.3% a year in 1990 and raised to 8.9% a year in 2000. In fact, countries deal with this problem by steps including 9 steps reported this article
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmacy ; Expert Testimony ; drugs ; Commerce

A prospective study was carried out on 17 patients with upper ureteral calculus treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopy in Viet Duc Hospital from Nov 2004 to Apr 2005. Results: The blood loss was usually not much (20-100 ml). It was difficult to remove calculi due to they moved up to kidney, it must enlarge the incision. There were two cases of peritoneum perforations during the operation that had been sutured. In postoperative period, patients were stable, there were no complications besides mild abdominal pain at the incision; 1 month after the operation, these patients well recovered. This procedure is superior to traditional open surgery with less complications, shorter of hospitalization stay, rapider recovery...
Ureteral Calculi ; Therapeutics ; Laparoscopy

Urinary lithiasis is a common disease in internal medicine and surgery. In period of 10 year (1982-1991), the number of patients came to Urinary Department of Viet Duc hospital for urinary lithiasis was 38%. There are 5 surgical treatment methods for urinary lithiasis: classical surgery, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and recently is the retroperitoneal endoscopic surgery. There were urinary procedures had been performed by retroperitoneal endoscopy. In 1969, Bartel performed the first time the retroperitoneal endoscopic technique by mediastinum endoscopic machine. In 2003, Nguyen Van Hiep et al reported 36 patients who had upper urethral gravel were treated by retroperitoneal endoscopy; the successful rate was 32/36 cases, there were 4 cases had to be open operated, complication rate was low. The initial application of retroperitoneal endoscopic surgical technique in the treatment of upper urethral gravel achieved encouraged results, it also has prospect of being applied in other complicated urinary surgeries.
Endoscopy ; Surgery ; Therapeutics

Assessment the efficacy of cranioplasty with frozen self-cranial bone on 47 patients at the Department of neurosurgery, Saint Paul hospital between May 2002 and March 2005. The patients consisted of 37 males and 10 females, the mean age was 28 (16 to 63 years old). In all patients, cranioplasty had been performed to repair bone defects secondary to severe brain injury. 38/47 patients (80.85%) had fronto-temporal defect while 27 patients had very large defect (> 80 cm2). Results: the operation successful rate was 90.24% (37/41 patients) and no complications. 4 cases need secondary cranioplasty while 2 patients were done with carbon composite.
Bone and Bones ; Skull

The remedy Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. var. cochinchinensis (Euphorbiaceae) has been commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of itches, furuncles, allergies. Previous reports have examined the chemical composition of the leaves, two compounds have been isolated and identified as gallic acid (FAD1) and ellagic acid (FAD 2). This study was carried out for the isolation and identification of the other chemical constituents. The leaves of E. cochinchinensis Lour. var. cochinchinensis were collected at Ha Noi city and Thai Binh province. The ethyl acetate extract of the leaves were successively chromatographed on silica gel G 60 and Sephadex LH-20 columns to afford two compounds named FAD 7 and FAD 8. The spectral analysis performed on EIMS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR has identified FAD7 as kaempferol 7-0-glycoside, and FAD 8 as kaempferol. These two flavonols were isolated from the leaves of the plant for the first time.
Plants ; Medicine, Traditional ; Biochemistry ; Flavonoids

Studying on typhoid fever in 16417 people of Binh Thanh Trung commune and 16324 ones of Vinh Thanh commune (control commune) after 2 years with the intervention. The results showed that drinking water sterilized by chloramin B increased by 295.58%, drinking boiling water increased by 10.06%; drinking rainny water increased by 464.30%; vegetable washing by safety water increased by 2886.61%, good sanitary latrine increased by 292.30%, close fish pond latrine increased by 46.91%, sinking latrine increased by 195.995%, fish pond latrine open to river reduced by 17.68%, latrine on the river reduced by 29.24%. Typhoid fever reduced by 92% in comparison to before interventrion. Real effect in comparison to control commune was 5.04%
Typhoid Fever ; Therapeutics ; Epidemiology