From December 2000 to March 2003, at Huu Nghi Hospital, 85 patients with tracheal intubation were studied. There was no statistically statistic significances between 2 groups (of success and of failure) concerning the age, predicted body mass, the duration of mechanical ventilation. The causes of respiratory deficiencies needing mechanical ventilation were: infections, cerebral infarctus, cerebral hemorrhagy, acute left heart failure, acute myocardiac infarctus, diabetes. CROP diagnostic value of weaning from mechanical vetilation was higher in success group than in failure group. Threshold value of CROP index  13 (ml/breathing rythm/minute) had got a sensitivity of 0.65, specificity 0.89, predicted positive value 0.84, negative 0.74, under curb surface ROC = 0.875.
Ventilation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Body Mass Index ; Age Factors

Antibiotic use must carefully and must exactly consider according to indication and combined exactly method and disease. To against antibiotic resistance, urgent methods is needed such as drugs used exactly disease, sufficient dose and enough time. For physicians, should careful if prescribe antibiotic, don't use new drug if older drug still effective, review antibiotic resistance to choose exactly, preservation obey exact standards, limited using antibiotic for cattle and poultry
Antibiotics, Antifungal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Delivery of Health Care

The clinical results, expert's opinions are reported. Among 200 studied drug products, 91 products haven't new effects, 33 drugs have suspected effects or no effect, 7 drugs aren't trust and may be dangerous. On the other hand, drug's price are increasing, it raised median 5.3% a year in 1990 and raised to 8.9% a year in 2000. In fact, countries deal with this problem by steps including 9 steps reported this article
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmacy ; Expert Testimony ; drugs ; Commerce

A prospective study was carried out on 17 patients with upper ureteral calculus treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopy in Viet Duc Hospital from Nov 2004 to Apr 2005. Results: The blood loss was usually not much (20-100 ml). It was difficult to remove calculi due to they moved up to kidney, it must enlarge the incision. There were two cases of peritoneum perforations during the operation that had been sutured. In postoperative period, patients were stable, there were no complications besides mild abdominal pain at the incision; 1 month after the operation, these patients well recovered. This procedure is superior to traditional open surgery with less complications, shorter of hospitalization stay, rapider recovery...
Ureteral Calculi ; Therapeutics ; Laparoscopy

Urinary lithiasis is a common disease in internal medicine and surgery. In period of 10 year (1982-1991), the number of patients came to Urinary Department of Viet Duc hospital for urinary lithiasis was 38%. There are 5 surgical treatment methods for urinary lithiasis: classical surgery, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and recently is the retroperitoneal endoscopic surgery. There were urinary procedures had been performed by retroperitoneal endoscopy. In 1969, Bartel performed the first time the retroperitoneal endoscopic technique by mediastinum endoscopic machine. In 2003, Nguyen Van Hiep et al reported 36 patients who had upper urethral gravel were treated by retroperitoneal endoscopy; the successful rate was 32/36 cases, there were 4 cases had to be open operated, complication rate was low. The initial application of retroperitoneal endoscopic surgical technique in the treatment of upper urethral gravel achieved encouraged results, it also has prospect of being applied in other complicated urinary surgeries.
Endoscopy ; Surgery ; Therapeutics

Assessment the efficacy of cranioplasty with frozen self-cranial bone on 47 patients at the Department of neurosurgery, Saint Paul hospital between May 2002 and March 2005. The patients consisted of 37 males and 10 females, the mean age was 28 (16 to 63 years old). In all patients, cranioplasty had been performed to repair bone defects secondary to severe brain injury. 38/47 patients (80.85%) had fronto-temporal defect while 27 patients had very large defect (> 80 cm2). Results: the operation successful rate was 90.24% (37/41 patients) and no complications. 4 cases need secondary cranioplasty while 2 patients were done with carbon composite.
Bone and Bones ; Skull

The remedy Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. var. cochinchinensis (Euphorbiaceae) has been commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of itches, furuncles, allergies. Previous reports have examined the chemical composition of the leaves, two compounds have been isolated and identified as gallic acid (FAD1) and ellagic acid (FAD 2). This study was carried out for the isolation and identification of the other chemical constituents. The leaves of E. cochinchinensis Lour. var. cochinchinensis were collected at Ha Noi city and Thai Binh province. The ethyl acetate extract of the leaves were successively chromatographed on silica gel G 60 and Sephadex LH-20 columns to afford two compounds named FAD 7 and FAD 8. The spectral analysis performed on EIMS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR has identified FAD7 as kaempferol 7-0-glycoside, and FAD 8 as kaempferol. These two flavonols were isolated from the leaves of the plant for the first time.
Plants ; Medicine, Traditional ; Biochemistry ; Flavonoids

Studying on typhoid fever in 16417 people of Binh Thanh Trung commune and 16324 ones of Vinh Thanh commune (control commune) after 2 years with the intervention. The results showed that drinking water sterilized by chloramin B increased by 295.58%, drinking boiling water increased by 10.06%; drinking rainny water increased by 464.30%; vegetable washing by safety water increased by 2886.61%, good sanitary latrine increased by 292.30%, close fish pond latrine increased by 46.91%, sinking latrine increased by 195.995%, fish pond latrine open to river reduced by 17.68%, latrine on the river reduced by 29.24%. Typhoid fever reduced by 92% in comparison to before interventrion. Real effect in comparison to control commune was 5.04%
Typhoid Fever ; Therapeutics ; Epidemiology

The concept of nutraceutical food was introduced firstly in United State in 1989 by Stephen Defelice, the founder of the Foundation for Innovation in Medicine. It is defined as a product that considered as a food or a part of food, provided medical or health benefits, including disease prevention and treatment”. The health sector should review and re-evaluate the importance and potential of the nutraceutical food market and plan the development strategy for this novel avenue. The unique definition of nutraceutical product is needed. The Ministry of Health should direct the management of these products as medications rather than foods and the regulations of registration, labeling and take testing samples should be available
Food ; Dietary Supplements ; Comment [Publication Type

The study was conducted in Khanh Trung commune, Khanh Vinh district of Khanh Hoa province to assess the mosquito infection two years after DEC administration. Seventeen species of mosquito belonging to 5 genera have been found of which the main vector Wuchereria bancrofti was predominant. Indoor collection of Culex quinquefasdatus at daytime and nighttime was 3.5 and 2.3 individuals/house, respectively. Cx. vishnui was mainly found on the cattle sheds with an average density of 4.6 individuals/shed. A total of 578 mosquitoes of five species (Cx. quinqllefasciatus, An. vaglls, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. vislznui, Cx. fuscocephalus) were dissected. None of them were positive with microfilaria.
Culicidae ; Albendazole