Glomus tumor is a kind of vascular tumor that arises from the glomus body, which regulates skin temperature and is placed in the skin and the subcutaneous area. It is a benign tumor that usually presents in the subungal area. It is relatively common in areas other than the fingers, but its occurrence in peripheral nerves is known to be comparatively rare. We report our experience with a case of glomus tumor arising from the brachial plexus, a rare site of occurrence for glomus tumors.
Brachial Plexus ; Fingers ; Glomus Tumor ; Peripheral Nerves ; Skin ; Skin Temperature

Intraosseous ganglion is a benign cystic lesion. It is composed of fibrous tissue with mucoid changes located in the subchondral bone adjacent to a joint. Intraosseous ganglion has been reported in various skeletal sites and most commonly in the lower end of the tibia and femur. However reports of intraosseous ganglion of the glenoid are rare, with only 14 cases in the literature. We repot 2 cases of intraosseous ganglion of the glenoid with literature reviews.
Bone Cysts ; Femur ; Joints ; Tibia

A 56 year-old female presented with dysphagia 8 weeks ago and newly developed dysphonia 2 weeks ago. The radiology study and swallowing difficulty evaluation study revealed the esophagus and the posterior wall of the laryngopharynx to be severely compressed by the mass of the anterior 4th and 5th vertebral body of cervical spine. En bloc excisional biopsy of the bony mass was performed, which completely resolved the clinical symptoms. We report a rare case of osteochondroma occurring at the anterior portion of cervical spine leading to dysphasia and dysphonia with a review of relevant literature.
Aphasia ; Biopsy ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dysphonia ; Esophagus ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Osteochondroma ; Spine

Baker's cyst is found as most frequent cystic mass around the knee occurring between medial head of gastrocnemius muscle and semimembranosus muscle. The proximal or posterolateral extension of the cyst had been rarely reported and the cyst into the surrounding muscular tissue extremely rare. Intramuscular Baker's cyst that we report was found between lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle and popliteus tendon, and then extended into the plantaris muscle. With review of the literature, we here report a very rare case of plantaris muscular extension of Baker's cyst.
Head ; Knee ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Popliteal Cyst ; Tendons

PURPOSE: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in human cancer and has been shown to participate in cancer metastasis. We compared the expression of CXCR4 in conventional high-grade and low-grade central osteosarcomas, and determined if an association between CXCR4 expression and prognosis could be made. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed the immunohistochemistry for CXCR4 in a total of 63 patients with osteosarcoma and determined the relationships according to the clinicopathologic variables and overall survival rates. RESULTS: CXCR4 was detected in 76.3% of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma patients and in 36% of low-grade central osteosarcomas. Diffuse expression was noted in 47.4% of the high-grade osteosarcomas and all low-grade cases were focal positive. CXCR4 expression was significantly correlated with histologic grade (p<0.0001). While overall survival rate was reduced significantly with increased CXCR4 expression (p=0.0058), higher histologic grade (p<0.0001), and younger age (p=0.0140), survival rate did not correlate with gender, tumor size, or AJCC stage. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that CXCR4 expression is associated with higher-grade tumors and with poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients.
Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteosarcoma ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: We analyzed the oncologic outcome of the malignant transformed benign giant cell tumor of bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and February 2012, 5 cases were referred with suspicious malignant transformation of benign giant cell tumor. No patients underwent radiation therapy. RESULTS: After referral, all patients received the wide excision of the tumor and its' pathologic diagnosis were osteosarcoma. As classified by the location of tumor lesion, 3 cases were located in the distal femur, 1 case was in the distal radius and 1 case was in the proximal femur. The average latent period between diagnosis of benign giant cell tumor and diagnosis of secondary malignant giant cell tumor was 49.2 months. (range, 24-126 months) The mean follow-up period was 21.6 months. There were subsequent local recurrence in 2 cases and 3 patients developed distant metastasis. All patients with lung metastasis were dead. CONCLUSION: Malignant transformation of benign giant cell tumor of bone can be occurred within 5 years. Therefore, when benign giant cell tumor suspicious malignant transformation, it is necessary to do more aggressive treatment.
Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteosarcoma ; Radius ; Recurrence ; Referral and Consultation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare general survival rate and survival rate according to expectable prognostic factors by analyzing the result of treating a patient of squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Mar. 1999 to Feb. 2011, 151 patients were pathologically confirmed as squamous cell carcinoma of limbs and body in our hospital, and among those patients, 51 patients underwent the surgical treatment. This study included 41 patients who underwent the surgical treatment and were followed-up for more than 12 months. The mean age of population was 64.4 years. 31 males and 10 females were included. Wide excision with following skin grafts or flaps for reconstruction (29 cases) was mostly performed, but amputation (12 cases) was also performed for cases with extremities where resection margin was difficult to obtain and cases with neural or vascular invasion. 8 patients underwent chemotherapy or radiotherapy after resection, and 33 underwent the operation only. Stages were classified by AJCC Classification, survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and survival rate of groups was compared by Log-rank test. For the expectable prognostic factors related to survival rate, location of primary lesion, cause of disease, pathologic grade, staging, surgical method, additional anticancer therapy were examined and each survival rate was compared. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 65.2 (12-132) months. Thirty patients survived out of 41 patients till last follow up. The overall survival rate in 5 years was 77%. Three cases (7.3%) had local recurrence, and 7 cases (17.0%) had metastasis. The average period of recurrence from operation was 27 (18-43) months. Possible prognostic factors such as location of primary lesion, cause of disease, pathologic grade, staging, additional anticancer therapy showed no significant difference in survival rates. However, patients with amputation showed significantly lower survival rate than those with wide excision. CONCLUSION: In analysis the results of treating 41 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, the overall 5-year survival rate was 77%. And, among the several prognostic factors, only the surgical method was significant statistically.
Amputation ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of treatment and prognosis of Marjolin's ulcer compared with primary squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients treated for Marjolin's ulcer were analyzed. Twenty patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma treated during the same time period was the control group. Mean age was 61.2 years. There were 24 males and 10 females. The locations, TNM stages, histological grades, recurrence, metastasis, and survival rate were analyzed and compared between two groups. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 54.8 months (range, 12-168 months). Local recurrences were found in 6 cases, 5 ones in Marjolin's ulcer patients, and one case in primary squamous cell carcinoma patients. The mean time interval between the initial presentation and occurrence of local recurrences was 9 months (range, 2-20 months). There were 6 metastases. 2 (14.3%) metastases were found in Marjolin's ulcer patients, and 4 (20.0%) metastases in primary squamous cell carcinoma patients. Total events (metastasis or local recurrence) were found in 10 pateients, 6 of them in Marjolin's ulcer group, and the remaining four in primary group. 5-year disease-free survival rate was 64.3% in Marjolin's ulcer group and 95.0% in primary squamous cell carcinoma group. CONCLUSION: Squamous cell carcinomas originating as Marjolin's ulcers revealed higher recurrence rate and lower survival rate despite of aggressive treatment. Therefore, new treatment modalities should be developed for improving outcomes.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Ulcer

Ancient schwannoma is a variant of schwannoma and is characterized slowly growing tumor with degenerative change. And it is reported that schwannoma is relatively rare in extensor area. As a rare cause of solitary ancient schwannoma in extensor area of upper arm, we report it.
Arm ; Neurilemmoma

Leiomyoma is a benign solitary tumor which is originated from a smooth muscle cell and grows slowly. It is most commonly found in the uterus and can develop anywhere that smooth muscle is present, including esophagus, lower extremity, stroma of GI tract, and pleura. However, the occurrence of leiomyoma in the hand is so uncommon. We present one case of solid type leiomyoma found in the right 4th finger of a young woman.
Esophagus ; Female ; Fingers ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hand ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Lower Extremity ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Pleura ; Uterus