42 operated patients having mean blood losses of 476.67 (264.24ml have been applied for the normovolemic intensive hemodilution. The blood losses, the blood immediate miccer - hematocrites (Ht) were closely evaluated. The volume of blood immediate losses was well compensated with the infusion with a physiologic solution of NaCl 9‰ at 1.5 to 3 volumes as much as the one of blood losses, the blood transfusion was only done whenever the Ht reduced under 30%. All clinical and laboratory evaluations were well maintained before, during and after the operation. In comparison with 34 patients, in whom the volume of blood losses was compensated with the equal volume of homologous transfusion, there were no any differences between these two groups.
Blood ; Hemodilution

188 patients including 30 young adults and 158 old patients were successfully given spinal anesthesia with meperidine at doses of 1.2 - 1.4mg/kg -1b.w for surgery of the lower abdomen, peritoneal areas and the lower extremities. Mean duration of actions of spinal Meperidine were 80.56±12.75 minutes in young and old patients, respectively. There was no big difference of side effects of the spinal meperidine between these two groups of patients
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Meperidine