The short time antibacterial effect of tetracaine hydrochloride was studied. S. aureus, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus and P. aeruginosa were each incubated with tetracaine hydrochloride(preservative free) for 18 hours or for 2 minutes and then diluted and cultured on nutrient agar plate. Colony counts were done after 18 hours. In cases of 18 hours incubation, there was no growth of microbials in 0.5%, 0.1% tetracaine hydrochloride, but there was no inhibitory effect of 0.02% of tetracaine hydrochloride on growth of microbials, irrespective of inoculum amount. In cases of 2 minutes incubation with 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride, there was no difference between the amount of microbial inoculum and colony count. Above in vitro study indicates that tetracaine hydrochloride has no inhibitory effect on bacterial growth in short time exposure less than 2 minutes.
Agar ; Coagulase ; Staphylococcus ; Tetracaine*

The short time antibacterial effect of tetracaine hydrochloride was studied. S. aureus, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus and P. aeruginosa were each incubated with tetracaine hydrochloride(preservative free) for 18 hours or for 2 minutes and then diluted and cultured on nutrient agar plate. Colony counts were done after 18 hours. In cases of 18 hours incubation, there was no growth of microbials in 0.5%, 0.1% tetracaine hydrochloride, but there was no inhibitory effect of 0.02% of tetracaine hydrochloride on growth of microbials, irrespective of inoculum amount. In cases of 2 minutes incubation with 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride, there was no difference between the amount of microbial inoculum and colony count. Above in vitro study indicates that tetracaine hydrochloride has no inhibitory effect on bacterial growth in short time exposure less than 2 minutes.
Agar ; Coagulase ; Staphylococcus ; Tetracaine*

In an attempt to observe the influence of the spinal anesthesia on the systolic blood pressure, 350 cases of the spinal anesthesia ranging from 16 to 60 years of age were analyzed. The spinal anesthetics in this study was hyperbaric solution of 0.5% tetracaine in 6 or 10% D/W. The 350 cases were put into 4 groups by their preanesthetic systolic blood pressure and by post anesthetic dermatome of sensory block, and then the alteration of blood pressure in systolic of each group was studied. The results obtained are as follows. 1) The maximal fall of blood pressure was seen at 10 min. after spinal anesthesia. 2) Of the groups of the same sensory block dermatome, the fall of the more prominent in the higher initial systolic blood pressure group. 3) Of the groups of the same initial systolic blood pressure, the fall of was more prominent in the higher sensory block dermatome group. 4) The most prominent fall of the systolic blood pressure during spinal anesthesia was seen on the highest sensory block dermatome and initial systolic blood pressure.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics ; Blood Pressure* ; Tetracaine

The effect of anesthetic duration of epinephrine and morphine mixture with hyperbaric tetracaine on spinal anesthesia was studied at Tague Catholic University Hospital. Fifty-two pa- tients, ASA physical status I-II, were selected randomly and divided them into 4 groups as follows: Group A; Only 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 14 mg injection. Group B; Mixture of 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 14 mg and morphine 0.15 mg injection. Group C; Mixture of 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine l4 mg and epinephrine 0.2 mg injection. Group D; Mixture of 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 14 mg, morphine 0.15 mg and epinephrine 0.2 mg injection. The results of motor block onset, motor block duration, sensory block onset and sensory block duration were as follows: 1) Motor block onset; There were no statistical differences between each groups. 2) Motor block duration; The duration of motor blocks were significantly longer in group C and D than group A. The duration of motor block was significantly longer in group D than group B. 3) sensory block onset; There were no statistical differences between each groups. 4) Sensory block duration, The duration of sensory blocks were significantly longer in group D than group A, B and C. These results suggested that the effect of anesthetic duration of epinephrine and morphine mixture with local anesthetics simultaneously on spinal anesthesia were more prolonged than tetracaine injeetion only and injection of tetracaine, epinephrine mixture.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics, Local* ; Epinephrine* ; Morphine* ; Tetracaine

59 males and females were tested for the purpose of measuring the basic lacrimation under topical anesthesia of cornea and conjunctiva with 0.5% pontocaine using Toyo No.5 filter paper of 4.5 X 35mm in size. The total mean is 1.52mm/min and the means of male and female are 1.65mm/min and 1.37mm/min respectively. The mean of persons under 30 years of age is 1.68mm/min and that of over 30 years is 1.31mm/min. The means of male and female under 30 years of age are 2.12mm/min and 1.16mm/min and those of over 30 years are 1.01mm/min and 1.60mm/min respectively. The difference between means under 30 years and that of over 30 years in male is statistically significant but other differences are statistically not significant. The difference between auther's and other's values is, I suppose, derived partly from different filter paper used, and smallness of the number of person is another factor influenced.
Anesthesia ; Conjunctiva ; Cornea ; Female ; Humans* ; Male ; Tetracaine

Phenylephrine hydrochloride has been widely used in ocular theraphy and examination, such as the treatment of uveitis and glaucoma and examination of the eye ground. In this study, mydriatic action of single instillation of 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution was compared with that of combined instillation of 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution and 0.5% tetracaine drops in 110 brown eyes. The following results were obtained; 1) In 55 eyes, the diameter of the pupil reached more than 7 mm about 45 minutes after instillation of 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution. 2) In case of combined instillation of 0.5% tetracaine solution and 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution, the onset of mydriasis was delayed. 3) In the case of combined instillation of 0.5% tetracaine and 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution with 5 and 10 minutes interval, the action of mydriasis was acceralated. 4) After tonometry, the action of mydriasis was more acceralated.
Glaucoma ; Manometry ; Mydriasis ; Phenylephrine* ; Pupil ; Tetracaine ; Uveitis

The anesthetic properties on blockade of tourniquet pain of hyperbaric tetracaine (T-caine) and bupivacaine (marcaine) with or without epinephrine administered intrathecally were compaired in randomized study involving fourty healthy surgical patients. This investigation employed solutions of the two agents with or without epinephrine that contained equal dose (13 mg), concentration (0.5%), and volume (3ml). No statistically significant difference in height, anesthetic time, tourniquet time, tourniquet pressure, and sensory blockade level were observed between the four groups. Tourniquet pain or inadequate anesthesia did not occur in epinephrine-mix groups, But occurred in 20% of the patients in the tetracaine (t-caine) group & bupivacaine (marcaine) group each other. The results suggest that equal concentrations and dosages of hyperbaric tetracaine (T-caine) and bupivacaine (Marcaine) possessed similar anesthetic qualities on blockade of tourniquet pain following subarachnoid administration.
Anesthesia ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Tetracaine* ; Tourniquets*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcium* ; Clonidine* ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Rats* ; Spinal Nerve Roots* ; Tetracaine*

BACKGROUND: To justify the use of the lidocaine/tetracaine medicated patch or peel as a preventive treatment for reducing pain and discomfort in adults and children. We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the lidocaine/tetracaine medicated patch or peel compared with placebo. METHODS: Ten RCTs (574 patients) were included in this systemic review. Relevant studies were identified through searches of MEDLINE, SCOPUS and the Cochrane database library. The outcome was the adequacy of cutaneous anesthesia reflected in the patient's assessment of pain intensity during minor dermatologic procedures and adverse effects after application of the lidocaine/tetracaine medicated patch or peel versus placebo. RESULTS: The efficacy of the lidocaine/tetracaine patch or peel was consistently very significantly beneficial 30 or 60 minutes after the application compared to placebo (Relative risk, RR: 2.5; Number needed to treat, NNT: 2.2). We did not identify any difference in the effectiveness of adequate analgesia between the lidocaine/tetracaine patch and peel (the number needed to treat or to harm, NNT 2.4 vs. 2.0). No serious side effects or adverse events were observed with the lidocaine/tetracaine medicated patch or peel and placebo. Minor skin reactions were transient and resolved without treatment (Odd ratio, OR: 1.4 and 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.9-2.1; NNT: 14.9). CONCLUSIONS: The lidocaine/tetracaine medicated patch or peel is a well accepted, effective and safe method for minor dermatologic procedures based on pooled data of trials in terms of adequacy of cutaneous anesthesia and adverse effects.
Adult ; Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Child ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Skin ; Tetracaine

The effect of 1% atropine solution and 1% atropine ointment on healing of corneal epithelium in 20 rabbits was studied. Corneal epithelium was removed by #15 blade in central area of 7mm in diameter under topical anesthesia with 0.5% pontocaine. 1% atropine solution was applied three times daily to Rt. eyes, and 1% atropine ointment to Lt. eyes. Progress of epithelial healing was observed by fluorescent staining of the wound. At the end of 24 hours, fluorescent staining area was 46.90% in average for Rt. eyes, and 51.90% in average for Lt. eyes. At the end of 48 hours, it was 7.83% for Rt. eyes, and 11.0% for Lt. eyes. At the end of 72 hours, All of Rt. eyes did not stain, but 2 of 10 Lt. eyes were faintly stained. Difference between ophthalmic solution and ointment on the effect of corneal epithelial healing was not significant.
Anesthesia ; Atropine ; Epithelium, Corneal* ; Rabbits ; Tetracaine ; Wounds and Injuries*