No abstract available.
Tertiary Prevention* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Intervention mapping (IM) is a framework for formulating theory-and evidence-based health education projects with participatory approaches from ecological perspectives.The intervention program designed via IM plays a role in reducing the exposure of cancer risk factors,increasing cancer prevention behaviors,and promoting early cancer screening and rehabilitation of cancer patients.This study summarizes the characteristics,implementation steps,and application status of IM in tertiary prevention of cancer,aiming to provide reference for the application of IM in the health education projects for cancer in China.
Humans ; Tertiary Prevention ; Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; China ; Risk Factors

Food poisoning is one of the major public health problems. Prevention is better than cure. Prevention of food poisoning is a hardly achievable goal, if we misunderstand the complex causality of food poisoning. For example, food hygiene and food safety are essential components of prevention of food poisoning, but not all of the components. Especially a viewpoint of public health is needed to the prevention of food poisoning. I described the conceptual model of prevention of food poisoning; the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of food poisoning at the individual level and at the population level. In case of primary prevention strategy, I applied the epidemiologic triangle model to explore the causality of food poisoning. I found that the both secondary and tertiary prevention activities at the population level had been very poor. However, these activities are enormously important to the prevention and control of food poisoning. We should develop an integrated strategy for the prevention of food poisoning at the multi-disciplinary level, especially public health.
Food Safety ; Foodborne Diseases* ; Hygiene ; Primary Prevention ; Public Health ; Tertiary Prevention

In order to effectively prevent recurrence, improve the prognosis and increase the survival rate of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients with radical cure, the Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association organized the relevant experts to develop the consensus on tertiary prevention of PLC (2022 version), which based on domestic and international research progress on the risk factors, pathological and clinical features, prevention of recurrence of PLC, combined with the present actual situation in China. The purpose is to provide a current basis for the prevention, surveillance, early detection and diagnosis, the effective measures of PLC recurrence.
China/epidemiology* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; Survival Rate ; Tertiary Prevention

OBJECTIVES: Emotional support and a stress management program should be simultaneously provided to clients as effective preventive services for healthy behavioral change. This study was conducted to review various relaxation and meditation intervention methods and their applicability for a preventive service program. METHODS AND RESULTS: The author of this paper tried to find various relaxation and meditation programs through a literature review and program searching and to introduce them. The 'Relaxation Response' and 'Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)' are the most the widely used meditative programs in mainstream medical systems. Abdominal breathing, Progressive Musclular Relaxation (PMR), Relaxative Imagery, Autogenic Training (AT) and Biofeedback are other well-known techniques for relaxation and stress management. I have developed and implemented some programs using these methods. Relaxation and meditation classes for cancer patients and a meditation based stress coping workshop are examples of this program. CONCLUSIONS: Relaxation and meditation seem to be good and effective methods for primary, secondary and tertiary preventive service programs. Program development and standardization and further study are needed for more and wider use of the mind-body approach in the preventive service area of medicine.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Humans ; *Meditation ; *Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical ; Mind-Body Therapies ; *Preventive Health Services ; Primary Prevention ; *Relaxation Therapy ; Secondary Prevention ; Stress, Psychological/prevention & control/*therapy ; Tertiary Prevention

Nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging is very effective in the evaluation of patients with suspicious acute coronary syndrome (ACS), for adequate diagnosis and treatment. There have been many clinical evidences to support the efficacy and cost-effectiveness. In addition, many authoritative guidelines support the utility of myocardial perfusion imaging in ACS with an appropriate diagnostic protocol. However, with the development of other cardiac imaging modalities, the choice of modality for the diagnosis of suspicious ACS now depends on the availability of each modality in each institute. Newly developed imaging technologies, especially including molecular imaging, are expected to have great potential not only for diagnosis but also for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of ACS.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Cardiology ; Humans ; Molecular Imaging ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; Tertiary Prevention

The Ministry of Science and ICT and the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea have organized the first National Committee for Dementia Research, to which all domestic experts in the field have been invited as they endeavor to achieve ‘national dementia liability’, which is one of the core national agenda items of the current Korean government. To make this initiative sustainable and bring dementia under control, we should not focus only on providing care and economic support to the family of patients with dementia. Instead, a large-scale, long-term research and development (R&D) strategy for dementia prevention, diagnosis, and therapy is warranted. This R&D project comprises several parts: 1) elucidation of the etiology and prevention of dementia, 2) innovative diagnostics for dementia, 3) tailored therapies for dementia, and 4) tangible and effective care for dementia. Given the fact that dementia is a very heterogeneous condition involving multiple pathogenic factors and typically having a chronic disease course, comprehensive and integrated approaches across various disciplines should be explored for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of this disease. With the success of this R&D project, the national dementia liability system will gain momentum and come into its own. Integrated efforts in terms of both policyrelated and scientific initiatives would allow us to take a step closer to realizing our shared goal of living in a world of dementia carefree.
Alzheimer Disease ; Chronic Disease ; Dementia ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Republic of Korea ; Tertiary Prevention

OBJECTIVES: To summarize the emergency management of the kidney transplantation for a large tertiary first-class hospital in response to the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: The clinical data of inpatients in the Department of Kidney Transplantation from January 24, 2020 to February 29, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, we conducted telephone, Wechat follow-up, and online education for kidney transplant recipients and patients on waiting-list for kidney transplantation one by one. We also strictly screened for COVID-19 in outpatients. To guarantee the security of medical staff and recipients and to reduce the transmission risk of COVID-19, we have made detailed approaches to prevent COVID-19, which mainly included 6 aspects of preventive approaches, such as kidney transplant clinic, kidney transplant ward, patients on waiting-list for kidney transplantation, kidney transplant operation, medical staff self-protection, and postoperative follow-up of kidney transplant recipients. RESULTS: There were altogether 47 inpatients which included 20 recipients who had just received kidney transplantation in the meantime, 2 577 kidney transplant recipients, 1 689 patients on waiting-list for kidney transplantation, and 794 outpatients in our hospital. No case of COVID-19 occurred in this period. CONCLUSIONS Through strictly implementing proactive and preventive approaches, we avoid the occurrence of COVID-19 in carrying out kidney transplantation in the epidemic period.
Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Transplant Recipients ; Waiting Lists

Globally, viral hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major cause of advanced liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chronic inflammation resulting from persistent viral hepatitis is also associated with an increased risk of HCC recurrence. Replication of HBV and/or HCV can reactivate during anti-cancer treatments of HCC and lead to hepatic dysfunction, adversely affecting patient outcomes. The most effective way to prevent chronic viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, or HCC would be the implementation of a vaccine. Unfortunately, a vaccine for HCV is currently not available. For chronically infected patients, antiviral therapy may be the only option that can prevent or retard disease progression. Emerging evidence continues to support direct or indirect benefits from antiviral therapy for preventing liver disease progression to cirrhosis, HCC development, and recurrence after curative treatments in patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection. This paper reviews the literature on the management of viral hepatitis in patients with HCC, focusing on primary and tertiary prevention of HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Disease Progression ; Fibrosis ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Recurrence ; Tertiary Prevention

BACKGROUND: For gastric cancer, primary prevention by risk factor modification might have some important roles. However, previous studies having investigated the factors associated with stomach cancer reported various results. In addition, there were only a few studies based on Korean population. METHODS: A case control study was carried out on 106 cases matched for age and sex with 106 controls in a tertiary care hospital. In patients who were aged 75 years or less and had been newly diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of stomach between July 1996 and January 1997 were included into the case group. Information on baseline characteristics, health habits, dietary habits of study subjects was obtained through an interview using structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with stomach cancer. RESULTS: Salt preference was associated with significantly increased risk of stomach cancer (odds ratio[OR]=9.81, 95% confidence interval[CI]=2.28 42.2). Eating broiled food more than three times a week significantly increased the risk of stomach cancer (OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.16 9.55) compared to eating it less than once a week. Blood type, family history of stomach cancer, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not associated with stomach cancer. CONCLUSION: Salt preference and frequent eating of broiled food are the risk factors significantly associated with stomach cancer in this study subjects.
Adenocarcinoma ; Alcohol Drinking ; Case-Control Studies* ; Diet ; Eating ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Primary Prevention ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Tertiary Healthcare ; Surveys and Questionnaires