Objective:To study the effect of Cyclosporine A(CSA) on inhibiting graft versus host reaction(GVHR) occured in hu PBL/SCID chimeras and to stably establish EBV induced lymphoma models.Methods:Human peripheral blood lymphocyts were isolated and were inoculated intraperitoneally into SCID mice.Mice were infected with EBV and injected intraperitoneally with CSA.Human sIL 2R in the serum of hu PBL/SCID chimeras were analyzed by ELISA.Results:No mouse was dead in CSA group,whereas 15 mice of the other three groups died of GVHR.The medium life span of no CSA administration mice was 17 days,and motalities were 55.56%(5/9),30.43%(7/23),42.86%(3/7)respectively.The difference was statistically significant between CSA group and the other groups.The levels of human sIL 2R were stable in CSA group while increased gradually in experimental infertion the groups without CSA.Difference was significant at day 15 and day 22 between the EBV infection group without CSA and with CSA administration.Of 38 survival SCID mice,24 mice developed tumors in their body cavities.Conclusion:CSA can strikingly inhibit GVHR that may occur in hu PBL/SCID mice,that could help practical to stably establish the lymphoma models.

AIM:Based on comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) data,to construct tree model of esophageal carcinoma and to explore mechanism of multigene involved,multistep development and multipathway progression during esophageal carcinogenesis.METHODS:Using the software developed by Desper et al,tree models of esophageal carcinoma were constructed according to the CGH data of 78 esophageal carcinoma patients.RESULTS:Tree models for esophageal carcinoma suggested that there were-4p,-9p,-18q,+7p,+8q,+17p,+17q,+20p,+20q nine nonrandom genetic events,and +7p、+8q and +20q might be important early events in esophageal carcinogenesis,indicating that there might be cancer-related genes in these chromosomal arms.CONCLUSION:Tree models based on CGH data of esophageal carcinoma imply the process of multigene involved,multistep and multipathway progression.The tree models also give the direction to search for esophageal cancer-related genes.

Aim To investigate the effect of polysac-charide of Cistanche deserticola ( CDPS) on the impro-ving ability of synaptic plasticity in memory acquisition impairment model mice induced by scopolamine. Methods The KM mice were randomly divided into six groups:scopolamine group, control group, CDPS-treated (25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ) group and donepezil group. Memory acquisition impairment model in mice was established with i. p. scopolamine (4 mg·kg-1 ) only once, and orally administered CDPS (25, 50, or 100 mg · kg-1 ) daily for 6 weeks before scopolamine injection. Experimental groups were subjected to step-down test and Morris water maze test. Western blot and RT-PCR analysis were used to examine the expression of GAP-43 , SYP and PSD-95 . Transmission electron
microscope was used to observe the change of synaptic number and structures. Results CDPS (25,50,100 mg·kg-1 ) could shorten the incubation period of mice in the water maze test. Control group and CDPS-treated group swam longer in Q3 than scopolamine group. Mo-reover, CDPS (50,100 mg·kg-1 ) could significantly reduce the error times and extend the incubation period in the step-down test. The results of Western blot and RT-PCR showed that CDPS significantly improved the expression of GAP-43 at the dose of 25 ,50 mg · kg-1 and SYP at the dose of 25,50, 100 mg·kg-1 in hip-pocampus of mice. However, the biochemical assays did not reveal a significant difference in the basal hipp-ocampal levels of the PSD-95 . The ultra-thin speci-mens of hippocampus showed that the number of syn-
apse was increased in CDPS-treated group. Conclu-sions Scopolamine can induce the learning and mem-ory deficits in mice to make related protein expression abnormalities in hippocampus mice, thus this causes the change of synaptic plasticity, which leads to a change in the ability of learning and memory. And CDPS can improve the expression of SYP and GAP-43 ,
increase number of synapses, recover synaptic plastici-ty, and improve the ability of learning and memory in mice.

Objetive The present study was aimed to explore the risk factors of mid-term cognitive decline in pa?tients with indexed TIA/minor stroke (NIHSS≤3) in a Chinese hospital-based cohort. Methods We recruited all consec?utive Chinese TIA/minor stroke patients from July to December in 2012 and followed them up in stroke clinics at 3 and 18 months after indexed TIA/minor stroke. The outcome was defined as significantly cognitive decline at 18 months com?pared with that at 3 months. Results A total of 209 consecutive Chinese TIA/minor stroke cases completed their fol?low-up investigation. Among them, 24 (11.5%) exhibited significantly cognitive decline. The independent risk factors of cognitive decline post TIA/minor stroke were education years (OR=0.869,P=0.021), atrial fibrillation(OR=5.950, P=0.001) and multiple silent lacunar infarcts (OR=5.179,P=0.020). Conclusion It is necessary to evaluate the cognition among TIA/minor stroke cases and a close follow-up is required for patients with atrial fibrillation and multiple silent la?cunar infarcts frequently in order to decrease the risk of cognitive decline post TIA/minor stroke.

Objectives Brain atrophy plays a key role in post-stroke dementia. The current study aims to explore risk factors for brain atrophy in different regions in order to find the ultimate therapeutic strategy. Methods Consecutive stroke and/or transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients were recruited from July 2012 to June . The clinical features, neuro?imaging findings and risk factors were collected during hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis showed that, except for age, female gender (Odds ratio, OR=2.447, P=0.007) and the number of silent lacuna infarcts (OR=1.414, P=0.027) were independent risk factors for frontal lobe atrophy. Ischemic stroke history (OR=2.224, P=0.024) was the independent risk factor for parietal lobe atrophy. All of extra-/intracranial larger artery diseases (OR=2.584, P=0.015) and white mat?ter severity score (OR=1.112, P=0.007) as well as the number of silent lacuna infarcts (OR=1.158,P=0.042) were inde?pendent risk factors for medial temporal lobe atrophy. Moreover, diabetes (OR=2.109, P=0.001),atrial fibrillation (OR=1.934, P=0.015) and white matter severity score (OR=1.098, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for global brain atro? phy. Conclusion Risk factors for brain atrophy included diabetes,atrial fibrillation, silent lacuna infarcts and white mat?ter changes. We should pay more attention to those patients with above risk factors in order to slow down the progression of brain atrophy and also prevent them from dementia by early interventions.

Objective:To investigate the expression of class IIIβ-tubulin (TUBB3) in advanced gastric cancer and analyze its correlation with the chemotherapeutic effect of paclitaxel and the prognosis of patients. Methods:This study reviewed 49 cases with advanced gastric cancer, diagnosed from December 2008 to December 2011 at Shaoyang Central Hospital. All patients were treated with paclitax-el or docetaxel-based chemotherapy. TUBB3 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry. Relationships of the expression of TUBB3 protein with chemotherapy response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results:Among the 46 valid cases treated with paclitaxel or docetaxel-based regimen, treatment response was as follows:complete response (CR) in 1 patient, partial response (PR) in 17 patients, stable disease (SD) in 22 patients, and progression disease (PD) in 6 patients. The overall response rate (CR+PR) was 39.13％(18/46). The chemotherapy response rates in low and high TUBB3 expression groups were 54.17％(13/24) and 22.73％(5/22), respectively (χ2=4.736, P=0.029). The patients with low TUBB3 expression had significantly longer median PFS and OS than those with high TUBB3 expression (PFS 5.9 vs. 3.9 months, P=0.032;OS 11.6 vs. 7.9 months, P=0.001). Univar-iate analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the expression of TUBB3 was an independent prognostic factor in advanced gastric cancer. Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that TUBB3 expression in advanced gastric cancer is associated with chemotherapy response and prognosis;especifically, the low expression group had a better chemotherapy response and progno-sis than the high expression group. The result of this study may provide a new sight for tailored chemotherapy and for predicting prog-nosis of individuals with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective To examine the influence of gender difference on the reperfusion delay in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods A total of consecutive 325 patients with STEMI were analyzed admitted in the 306 Hospital of PLA from Jan.2011 to Dec.2015.Patients were divided into two groups:male group (n=268) and female group (n=57).The clinical data and the time intervals including symptom onset to first medical contact (So-to-FMC),transfer delay (FMC-to-D),FMC to balloon dilatation (FMC-to-B),activation delay and door to balloon (D-to-B) time were compared between different gender groups,and the prognosis was observed.Results The overall median of pre-hospital delay was 125 minutes.The median of prehospital delay time (male 119.5min vs.female 160.0min) and So-to-FMC time (male 69.5min vs.female 100.0min) were longer in female than in male patients,but no statistical difference existed (P＞0.05) between the two groups in pre-hospital delay,So-to-FMC,FMC-to-B,D-to-B and total ischemia time.Compared with male patients,female patients were more likely to have additional comorbidities,such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus,and lower rate of smoking (P＜0.05).However,the incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) showed no significant difference between female and male patients at 30-day (male 5.22％ vs.female 5.26％) and I-year (male 10.82％ vs.female 8.77％) follow-up (P＞0.05).Conclusion The influence of gender on reperfusion delay is gradually weakening.

Objective To investigate the accuracy and application value of optical surface monitoring system in intensity modulated radiotherapy for thoracic tumors patients.Methods Twenty-eight patients with thoracic tumors were included.During each treatment fraction,the patients were immobilized with body surface markers and laser lamps.The surface images obtained by the optical surface monitoring system were registered with the reference images and recorded during the CBCT scan.The translation and rotation errors of x (left-right),y (craniocaudal) and z (anterior-posterior) axes were recorded.After scanning,the CBCT images were registered with the planned CT images and the translation and rotation errors of x,y and z axes were recorded.The setup errors of these two image systems were analyzed and corrected before each treatment.The correlation between the two sets of setup errors were analyzed with Pearson test,and systematic error (∑) and random error (σy) were also calculated.The consistency of the two image systems was evaluated with the Bland-Altman method and the 95％ limits of agreement were calculated.Results There was a good correlation between these two groups,and the correlation coefficients were 0.79,0.62,and 0.53 in x,y and z axes,respectively.The ∑/σr of the optical surface monitoring system were 0.7 mm/1.5 mm,0.9 mm/1.8 mm and 0.9 mm/1.5 mm in x,y and z axes,respectively.The ∑/σ of CBCT were 0.8 mm/1.6 mm,1.3 mm/1.9 mm and 0.7 mm/1.5 mm in x,y and z axes,respectively.The 95％ limits of agreement of translations direction were (-2.0-2.3),(-3.4-3.6) and (-3.3-2.4) mm,and the 95％ limits of agreement of rotation direction were (-2.0 to 1.6)°,(-2.0 to 1.4)° and (-1.6 to 1.6)° inx,y and z axes,respectively.Conclusions The optical surface monitoring system is an effective image guide tool,which can quickly and accurately verify the patient's position and improve the position accuracy.It can be applied for positioning in the intensity modulated radiation treatments for the thoracic tumor patients.

When partial nephrectomy is performed by posterior abdominal approach, the surgical field is poorly exposed, resulting in increased surgical difficulty and risk of injury.In this study, 28 patients with T 1a stage kidney tumors underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Intraoperatively, exposure of the surgical field was achieved using the percutaneous puncture of the renal fascia suspension technique. There were no dissatisfactory exposures due to peritoneal damage during the surgery, no additional tubes were inserted, and no conversions to open surgery were needed. The operation time was (76.5±20.3) minutes, blood loss was (92.1±18.7) ml, renal artery clamping time was (19.5±4.3) minutes. Postoperatively, there were no complications such as bleeding, infection, or hematuria.

Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Prognosis ; Adenosine