OBJECTIVETo investigate the application effect of damage control orthopedics for the treatment of severe multiple fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2014 to December 2016, 23 patients with severe multiple fractures were treated with the damage control orthopedics (DCO), included 14 males and 9 females with an average age of (41.57±8.29) years old ranging from 28 to 60 years old; the NISS averaged(27.70±5.44) points ranging from 18 to 40 points. As the control group, 27 patients with severe multiple fractures were treated by the early total care(ETC) technology from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2019, included 16 males and 11 females with an average age of (38.33±9.99) years old ranging from 19 to 55 years old, the NISS averaged (31.07±6.46) points ranging from 20 to 43 points. The ICU recovery time, blood transfusion, total operation time, mortality, complication and length of hospital stay were observed and compared between two groups.

RESULTSIn the DCO group, there were 22 cases surviving and 1 case death, 3 cases of postoperative complication contained 2 cases of adult respiratory distress syndrome, 1 case pin of infection in external fixation. In ETC group, there were 25 cases surviving and 2 cases death, 10 cases of postoperative complication contained 4 cases of adult respiratory distress syndrome and 3 cases of pin infection in external fixation, 1 case of wound infection and 2 cases of multiple organ failure. There was statistically significant difference between two groups in blood transfusion in operation, the ICU recovery time, and complications(<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in total operation time, length of hospital stay and mortality between two groups(>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFor patients with severe multiple fractures, application of damage control orthopedics can significantly reduce the postoperative complications, ICU recovery time and intraoperative blood transfusion, provide a certain basis for clinical treatment of such patients.

Objective To investigate the toxic effect of hemin on primary cultured neurons,astrocytes,and brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs),and the damage effect of hemin with different concentrations on the above cells. Methods (1) Primary cultured neurons,astrocytes and BCECs from the cortex of rats were exposed to different doses of hemin for 2 h,and continue culture of these cells for 24 to 96 h after withdrawing hemin was performed; the cellular morphology was examined under phase-contrast microscope; cellular survival rate was measured with Alama blue staining; and the releasing rate of lactate dehydrogenasing (LDH) was detected with regular biochemical method. (2) Primary cultured cells were exposed to different doses of hemin for 2 h,and continue culture of the cells for 4 h was performed after washing out the hemin; and then,concentrated formic acid was employed to dissociate the cells, and heme content in dissociated cells was measured with spectrophotometer. (3) Primary cultured cells was exposed to different doses ofhemin for 30,60 and 120 min,respectively,and continue culture of the cells for 4 h was performed after washing out hemin; and then,intracellular Fe3+was examined with Prussian blue staining. Results (1) Cultured neurons were injured by a low dose ofhemin (5 mmol/L) with a decreased survival rate by 40.2％ and an increased LDH releasing rate by 22.2％; and the pathological changes of cellular morphology were severe after 24 h of exposure to hemin.Following the increased doses ofhemin and time of post-exposure,the cellular death and LDH releasing were increased,and the morphological changes of cells were much severe. (2) The low and medium doses of hemin (5 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L) did not induce cellular death, LDH releasing and morphological changes in astrocytes; and a high dose ofhemin (50 mmol/L) could induce a death rate of astrocytes decreasing by 52.4％, a LDH releasing rate increasing by 31％ and obvious morphological changes of astrocytes; however, the injured astrocytes could regenerate fluent cellular monolayer 96 h after exposing to high dose of hemin treatment.(3) Hemin with either low or high dose did not induce any changes in cellular survival,LDH releasing and cellular morphology of BCECs.(4) The heme content in cultured neurons was significantly higher than that in astrocytes and BCECs after hemin treatment for 2 h.(5) The blue Fe3+ stained granules appeared in neurons as early as 30 min after neurons being exposed to hemin, and Fe3+ stained positive cells in neurons were significantly higher than those in astrocytes and BCECs at any dose ofhemin and any time point ofhemin treatment. Conclusion Hemin is highly toxic to neurons, but it can only injure astrocytes at a high dose and it can not induce direct damage in BCECs; free hemin could rapidly enter and accumulate in neurons,but less accumulate in astrocytes and not accumulate in BCECs.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-218-1-3p on the proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis of A549 cells in non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods miR-218-1-3p was transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by LipofectamineTM 2000 Reagent,and the expression of miR-218-3p was detected by real-time PC R.Invasion and migration were assayed using the Transwell method.The effect of miR-218-1-3p on the proliferation of A549 cells was assayed by the MTS method.Changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis of A549 cells transfected with miR-218-1-3p was detected by flow cytometry.Changes in indicators related to cell proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results Compared to the control group,the cell proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited (P ＜ 0.05) and the proportion of cells in the S and G2-M phases was significantly decreased when miR-218-1-3p was up-regulated.In addition,compared with the control group,the early apoptotic rate was significantly increased by up-regulating miR-218-1-3p.We further detected indicators related to cell proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis and found that CYCLIN-D1 and BCL-2 were significantly downregulated.Conclusion miR-218-1-3p may inhibit proliferation,induce cell cycle arrest,and promote cell apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by regulating CYCLIN-D 1 and BCL-2.

Objective To explore the clinical features and echocardiographic characteristics of cardiac papillary fibroelastoma (CPF) in adults.Methods Clinical features,echocardiographic characteristics,surgical procedures and outcomes were retrospectively evaluated in 13 patients with CPF confirmed by pathology.Results The clinical features of CPF were atypical.The most common symptoms were chest distress and short breath.All the 13 patients were single lesions,9 cases (9/13,69.23％) involved the valves (4 on the aortic valve,3 on the mitral valve,2 on the tricuspid valve) and 4 cases (4/13,30.77％) involved the chambers (2 in the right atrium,1 in the right ventricle,1 in the left ventricle).The largest diameters of ＞2 mm were in 8 cases and ≤2 mm were in 5 cases.Eight cases were detected by echocardiographic examination and 5 cases were missed.Surgical excision was performed in 8 patients and prosthetic valve replacement was performed in 5 patients.Conclusion The clinical symptoms of CPF are variable.When the size of CPF is too small,echocardiography is difficult to detect.Most of CPFs originate on the valves,predominantly on the aortic valve.The prognosis of CPF is excellent.

OBJECTIVETo screen out differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of children with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), to determine the expression of miR-9-1 in plasma and to preliminarily evaluate the significance of miR-9-1 as a biomarker in MMA.

METHODSPlasma was obtained from 17 MMA children, 10 hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) children without MMA (HHcy group), and 10 normal controls. Of 17 MMA children, 12 had HHcy (MMA+HHcy group), and 5 had no HHcy (MMA group). The differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out by miRNA microarray. Differentially expressed miR-9-1 was selected, and plasma miR-9-1 levels were determined by RT-PCR. Urine was collected from MMA patients who received vitamin B12 treatment, and plasma miR-9-1 levels were determined by RT-PCR after treatment.

RESULTSThe miRNA microarray analysis showed that 26 miRNAs were differentially expressed, among which 16 miRNAs (including miR-9-1) were down-regulated over 2 times, while 10 miRNAs were up-regulated over 2 times. The MMA+HHcy , MMA and HHcy groups had significantly down-regulated miR-9-1 compared with the normal control group (P<0.01). The patients who showed a good response to vitamin B12 treatment had significantly increased plasma miR-9-1 levels, without significant difference compared with the normal control group.

CONCLUSIONSPlasma miR-9-1 is significantly down-regulated in MMA patients, but it is significantly up-regulated after vitamin B12 treatment, suggesting that miR-9-1 may act as a biomarker in monitoring the progression of MMA.

Adolescent ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; genetics ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; blood

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of implanted biliary metallic stents in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).

METHODSPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and stent insertion were performed in 241 consecutive patients to treat malignant biliary obstruction between December 1998 and February 2009. The study end point was patient death. All patients were followed-up until death or until February 2010. The therapeutic efficacy was determined by statistical analysis of life span and pre- and post-operative laboratory indices.

RESULTSAll 241 patients were successfully stented. The level of bilirubin descended obviously within four weeks of implantation (P less than 0.05), and the early mortality rate was 4.56% (11/241). Two-hundred-and-two patients were followed-up (range: 8-193 weeks post-transplantation) and showed a median survival of 43.55 weeks. The survival rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 87%, 66%, 56%, and 41%, respectively. The stent patency rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 70%, 46%, 36% and 24%, respectively; the mean stent patency was 27.57 weeks. Cox regression analysis identified the strong predictors of improved survival as an initial bilirubin level of less than 221 mumol/L (P = 0.01) and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of more than 50% (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONTranshepatic metallic biliary stenting is a safe and effective therapeutic intervention for malignant biliary obstruction. Significant periods of survival and palliation of jaundice can be achieved with this method. Hyperbilirubinemia and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of less than 50% are independent predictive factors for the survival of MOJ patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; surgery ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the correlation between JNK signal and the apoptosis of VSMC as well as the expression of Cathepsin B and to explore the role of JNK signal in the development of cerebral aneurysm. Methods Rat models of cerebral aneurysm were established and histopathologic changes of cerebral aneurysm and the apoptosis of VSMC were analyzed. Rat models were respectively subject to subcutaneous injection of Cathepsin B siRNA and JNK inhibitor SP600125. Western blot technique was used to detect the expression of proteins like Cathepsin B, Caspase-3, and p-JNK. Spearman's rho was used to examine the correlation between p-JNK and Cathepsin B, as well as the expression of relevant proteins. Results The success rate of modeling rats with cerebral aneurysm was 88.75%. After the respective injection of Cathepsin B siRNA, SP600125 and their combination, the cell densities of VSMC of rats with cerebral aneurysm all increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but the apoptosis rate of VSMC decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with normal rats, the expression of Cathepsin B, Caspase-3 and p-JNK in Cerebral aneurysm models increased significantly. Effectively intervening Cathepsin B genes with Cathepsin B siRNA could significantly inhibit the expression of Cathepsin B and Caspase-3, but hardly influence the expression of p-JNK. JNK inhibitor SP600125 had no influence on the expression of Cathepsin B and Caspase-3, but effectively inhibited the expression of p-JNK. In cerebral aneurysm tissues, positive correlation was observed between the expression of p-JNK and Cathepsin B, the correlation coefficient was r = 0.640. Conclusion After the attack of cerebral aneurysm, proteins like Cathepsin B, Caspase-3 and p-JNK are all involved in the apoptosis of VSMCs. This process may be realized by Cathepsin B which activates the apoptosis mechanism of Caspase-3 and mediate the apoptosis of VSMC through the JNK signaling pathway. Therefore, silencing Cathepsin B gene or inhibiting the conduction through JNK signaling pathway can mitigate the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in cerebral aneurysm.

Objective:To explore the compatibility of Panlongqi tablets in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Method:Network pharmacology was used to predict and screen the targets and pathways related to osteoarthritis of 59 compounds in Panlongqi tablets including activating blood circulation and removing stasis group（ACRG），expelling wind-damp group（EWDG）and tonifying liver and kidney group（TLKG）. Through data integration analysis, the characteristics and compatibility rules of this prescription in preventing and treating osteoarthritis were analyzed. Result:The 59 compounds can act on 70 osteoarthritis(OA) related targets, mainly involving inflammatory stimulation response, cell proliferation, cell metabolism, immune regulation and other related processes. Pathway enrichment analysis involved inflammatory response, cartilage degeneration, immune regulation, bone metabolism and other related pathways. Conclusion:The three drugs play different regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of OA, such as inflammation, chondrocyte apoptosis and metabolism, extracellular matrix degradation, and bone metabolism. Among them, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis were mainly related to anti-inflammatory and analgesia, the wind-dampening group was mainly involved in regulating immunity and inflammation, and the liver-kidney group was more related to bone metabolism and chondrocyte apoptosis.