Objective To explore the clinical significance of occult breast lesions biopsy,determine the operating methods of ultrasound-guided precisie resection of occult breast lesions,improve early diagnosis rate of breast cancer.Methods Forty-eight occult breast lesions of 44 patients were reviewed by localization-needle and skin markers method under ultrasound-guided,and the lesions were removed surgically according to the fixed steps.Results It was confirmed that all the impalpable mammary masses were exactly excised without localization-needle fracture or prolapse through postoperative pathological diagnosis.Breast appearance had no change after the operation.No nipple-areola necrosis occurred.The pathology results showed 4 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (Ⅰ stage),the incidence rate being 8.3％,and 15 cases of atypical hyperplasia,the incidence rate being 31.3％.The other types were benign disease such as adenosis,intraductal papilloma,fibroadenoma and mammary duct ectasia.Conclusions Ultrasound-guided precise resection of occult breast lesions is a safe and effective diagnosis and treatment method,which needs some surgical skills.It has positive significance in improving breast cancer early diagnosis rate,reducing medical costs and decreasing breast biopsies complications.

Objective To investigate the protection of the parathyroid in thyroid cancer operation,reduce the postoperative complications of hypoparathyroidism.Methods Selected 107 cases of thyroid cancer patients from Mar.2013 to Fed.2014 who were underwent thyroid total excision + Ⅵ lymphadenectomy.Identified and preserve in situ of parathyroid according to the typical appearance.Identified the parathyroid on the surface of thyroid and Ⅵ lymph node specimen carefully.Sented a part of the suspected tissue to intraoperative frozen section examination,transplant residual tissue to stemocleidomastoid muscle after confirmed.According to postoperative pathological diagnosis,determined the specimen of thyroid and Ⅵ lymph node with or without removed parathyroid.Monitored serum calcium and symptomatic treatment for 1 to 3 days after operation.Results Error cut rate of parathyroid was 11.4％.In vitro parathyroid autograft rate was 54.4％.Hypocalcemia occurred in 32.7％.Symptomatic hypocalcemia occurred in 16.8％.Permanent hypocalcemia did not happen.Conclusions In thyroid cancer operation,accurate identification of parathyroid is the precondition of preservation in situ and self transplantation,is the effective methods to reduce error removal and decrease postoperative hypocalcemia.

Respiratory distress syndrome( RDS) is a critical respiratory disease and commonly occurs in preterm infants. Preterm RDS is mainly due to the deficiency of lung surfactant. However,recent studies have in-dicated that genetic susceptibility may involve in the pathogenesis of RDS in preterm infants. In this paper,recent research progresses of genetic susceptibility and related candidate genes of RDS in preterm infants at home and abroad are reviewed.

To analyze the composition and medication regularities of prescriptions treating hypochondriac pain in Chinese journal full-text database (CNKI) based on the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system, in order to provide a reference for further research and development for new traditional Chinese medicines treating hypochondriac pain. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support platform software V2. 0 was used to build a prescription database of Chinese medicines treating hypochondriac pain. The software integration data mining method was used to distribute prescriptions according to "four odors", "five flavors" and "meridians" in the database and achieve frequency statistics, syndrome distribution, prescription regularity and new prescription analysis. An analysis were made for 192 prescriptions treating hypochondriac pain to determine the frequencies of medicines in prescriptions, commonly used medicine pairs and combinations and summarize 15 new prescriptions. This study indicated that the prescriptions treating hypochondriac pain in Chinese journal full-text database are mostly those for soothing liver-qi stagnation, promoting qi and activating blood, clearing heat and promoting dampness, and invigorating spleen and removing phlem, with a cold property and bitter taste, and reflect the principles of "distinguish deficiency and excess and relieving pain by smoothening meridians" in treating hypochondriac pain.
Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Meridians ; Pain ; drug therapy

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of enucleation for the treatment of huge hemangiomas. Methods From 1979 to 1998, enucleation was used for the treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangiomas in 126 patients, among them 18 with multiple tumors and 6 with centrally located lesions. For the tumors larger than 10 cm in diametre or located in theⅠ or Ⅷ segment of the liver, enucleation combined with intermittent inflow vascular occlusion was adopted. Results All cavernous hemangiomas in this group were enucleated successfully, there was no mortality. The median intraoperative blood loss was 1015?577*!ml(200*!ml～4*!500*!ml). Postoperative complications developed in 15 patients including pleural effusion in 10 and wound infection in 5. 54 patients were lost from follow up. None of the remaining 72 patients had recurrence at the follow up ranging from 6 months to 18 years and 4 months. Conclusion Enucleation of cavernous hemangioma of the liver is a safe and effective alternative to hepatectomy.

Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are essential for establishing recurrence and metastasis in malignant tumors.Detecting CTCs can help for early detection of the cancer metastases and recurrences,and also can help for evaluating prognostic and guiding treatment.CTCs detection technique mainly include screening and separation technology which contains immune magnetic separation technology and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and so on.With the development of technique,there is a new technique named ctcchip contains both screening and separation functions.

Objective To investigate the technology learning curve of thyroid cancer intraoperative nerve monitoring aiming to reduce the recurrent laryngeal nerve injury complication.Methods Eighty-two cases of thyroid cancer accepted thyroid cancer radical mastectomy or combined radical operation,dissected 147 recurrent laryngeal nerve,used intraoperative nerve monitoring technology,monitored recurrent laryngeal nerve function with four steps method.The recurrent laryngeal nerve injury can be diagnosed when the intraoperative signal decay rate was more than 50％.The damage point and reason can be judged.Results The recurrent laryngeal nerve search time was 0.5 to 2 minutes.The recurrent laryngeal nerve damage rate was 2.7％.Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage cases were all diagnosed during the operation.Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage points were all located in the throat or approaching into the throat.The damage reasons were pull,tumor adhesion,thermal damage and clamp.The technology learning curve of thyroid cancer intraoperative nerve monitoring formatted through search time and injury cases of each group according to the time sequence.Recurrent laryngeal nerve search time and injury cases were obviously downtrend.Conclusions The technology learning curve of thyroid cancer intraoperative nerve monitoring existed.It can be used to protect recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Objective To introduce the method of two bundle anatomical reconstruction of the posterolateral corner(PLC) of the knee using auto-harmstring,and to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes.Methods Using auto-harmstring,23 knees of 21 cases with acute or chronic posterolateral complex injuries were anatomically reconstructed from March 2003 to November 2005.There were 20 male and 1 female patients(mean age:32.3 years,ranging from 17 to 47 years)in this study with follow-up of at least 12 months(average:26.7 months,ranging from 12 to 31 months.Tow cases had isolated PLC injuries,21 knees had multiligamentous injuries,and 5 cases associated with meniscus injuries.The technique used includes:(1)an autogenous semitendinosus placed through trastibial bone tunnel from posterior to anterior and then turned to transfibulur bone tunnel to reconstruct the popliteus and popliteofibular ligament;(2)an autogenous gracilis tendon placed through transfibulur bone tunnel to reconstruct the fibulocolateral ligament(FCL).The transplanted grafts were secured to the femoral insertion of the popliteus and FCL respectively with metal or bioabsorbable interference screw.All patients were followed-up prospectively with clinical examinations and Lysholm knee scores.Results There was no varus knee instability in full extension,and one-grade varus instability with firm endpoint was found in 2 cases at 30? flexion.There was no increased external rotation in all of the 23 knees at 30? flexions(in prone position).Mean Lysholm knee scores were 89.2(range from 88 to 100).Conclusions Two bundle anatomical reconstruction of the PLC of the knee using auto-harmstring yields a stable knee with excellent function,mini-trauma,and reliable fixation of grafts,this technique is an ideal method for the treatment of PLC injuries.

Objective To describe an alternative procedure of arthroscopic double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)reconstruction using deep-frozen fresh allogenic achilles tendon and evaluate the follow-up outcome in early stage. Methods The ruptured PCL was reconstructed under arthroscopy using deep frozen fresh allogenic achilles tendon preparing in Y-shaped allografts, one bundle was used for anterolateral bundle, the other for posteromedial bundle. Absorbable screw was used to fix the soft tendon graft and metal screw was used to fix the bone graft. Results From March 2003 to August 2004, the procedure of arthroscopic double-bundle PCL reconstruction using allogenic achilles tendon was applied in 10 cases. The average follow-up period was 13.2 months(6～24 months, among them 6 cases were more than 12 months ). 2 cases with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury were also reconstructed with hamstring tendons (semitendinosus and gracilis). 3 cases with rupture of postolateral horn of knee joint were anatomically reconstructed with hamstring tendons. Clinical results were carefully compared using the Lysholm score system before and after the operation, the average score was 50.3 preoperatively, and 91.2 postoperatively. The objective examination showed that the tibia post-migrating sign, posterior drawer test and Lachman test were positive in all the 10 cases preoperatively; whereas the posterior drawer test and Lachman test were negative postoperatively; the tibia post-migrating sign were weak positive in 3 cases with longer clinical histories(more than 1 year); the flexion range of the knee were slightly restricted (5?～20?) in the 2 cases with simultaneous ACL injury. Conclusions Allogenic achilles tendon is an ideal material for arthroscopic double-bundle PCL reconstruction. Arthroscopic double-bundle reconstructed PCL is in accordance with the anatomy and physiology of natural PCL. The injury and complications caused by the autograft can be alleviated. The allograft can be prepared in advance and the soft end of the implant can pass through the bone tunnel easily, and thus the operaton time under arthroscopy can be saved and the trauma caused by arthroscopy is abated. Arthroscopic double-bundle PCL reconstruction is sample, safe and effective.

Objective The effects of AM fungi on the growth of Bupleurum chinense were investigated by inoculation Glomus mosseae, G. caledonium, and the two fungal mixture under different phosphorus levels. Methods Pot culture and experimental analyses were carried out. Results Mycorrhizal infection rate could be promoted by inoculation and increased phosphorus content of plant and root dry weight; the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble sugar of leaf was higher than that of controlled plant, and the soluble sugar content of plant root by inoculation the two fungal mixtures were lower than that of controlled plant. The inoculation effect of AM fungi was closed related to AM fungal species and phosphorus applied levels, which was the best under 0.1—0.3 g/kg P_2O_5 soil. Conclusion The growth of host plant and using rate of phosphorus fertilizer can be promoted by inoculation of AM fungi.