Thyroid hormones play important roles in growth, development, and metabolism of various cells and tissues. It has been assumed for a long time that thyroid hormones are lipophilic and enter cells by passive diffusion, but it has become increasingly clear that cellular uptake and efflux of thyroid hormones are mediated by transporters. The discovery of these thyroid hormone transporters will lead to a better understanding of the tissuespecific regulation of thyroid hormones.

The portfolio consists of a variety of documentation of a learner’s proof of learning. It has been promoted as one way to verify a learner’s personal and professional development, especially for the more mature trainees and doctors at work. It has not been widely accepted as a summative tool because the amount of time imposed on the learners may be considerable. Ways to improve the reliability of assessments on unstandardised portfolios are needed for its wider application.
Knowledge acquisition using a method of assessment ; seconds ; Primary Health Care ; professional ; development aspects

This review highlights the high prevalence of antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections(URTIs) in a larger part of the Asia-Pacific region. Since URTIs are one of the common reasons for primary care consultations in this region, inappropriate use of antibiotic in both quantity and drug choice has greatly influenced the development of antibiotic resistance. Notwithstanding the paucity of Asia-Pacific data on the above issues, the available information suggests urgent actions needed to be taken to promote judicious antibiotic use at the point-of-care through a multipronged approach targeting the patients/consumers (or parents), healthcare providers and health care systems.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Respiratory Tract Infections

The creative period is coming with the capital period passing away.To match with the development of creative economy,there are still some problems in the talents training in higher education.The purpose of the paper is to discuss the culture innovative talents training in universities and colleges in the creative economy period.

Traditional Chinese medicine evolves from the historical environment of China's ancient civilization,regarding the holistic concept as the foundation stone of the thought,the image-knowing-thinking as the mode of thinking,syndrome differentiation and treatment as the clinical characteristic.Those are essential characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine.Nowadays,the difficulty that TCM meets,is not to handle affairs according to the rule of development of the traditional Chinese medicine oneself.It is proposed that we must insist on holding the essential characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine oneself to inherit and develop traditional Chinese medicine;making succession a priority in the relation between inherition and innovation;combining the characteristics of the time,to utilize all human's civilization achievements that can be utilized.

The evaluation systems of higher education in such developed countries as USA and Japan,are perfect and systemic,and it is significant to analyze them and use the experiences for reference.

Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas is written by Chinese Society of Endocrinology,Chinese Society of General Surgery Endocrinology Group,China Anti-Cancer Association Head and Neck Tumor Professional Committee,and Chinese Society of Nuclear Medicine.The guideline has systematically established a series of standards related to thyroid nodules.It reflects the scientific spirit of multidisciplinary cooperation and mutual understanding.

Objective To investigate the effect of problem-based learning(PBL) combined with traditional teaching in the teaching of electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis. Methods Totally 80 2011 grade clinical medicine students were enrolled and randomly divided into study group and regular group. Traditional teaching method was implemented in regular group while PBL com-bined with traditional teaching was applied in study group. Effect was observed;measurement data were analyzed by independent samples t test and were expressed as mean ± standard deviation x±s;enumeration data were analyzed by χ2 test. P<0.05 signifies statistical differences. Results Satisfaction degree of students towards teachers was 95.0%(38/40) in study group and was 80.0%(32/40) in regular group with statistical significances between two groups(P=0.001). Satisfaction degree of students towards teaching method was 100 . 0%( 40/40 ) in study group and was 87 . 5%(35/40) in regular group with statistical significances between two groups (P=0.000). Operating skills, theoretical knowledge and ECG analysis capabilities scores were significantly higher in study group than in regular group with statistical differences(P=0.012, P=0.021, P=0.016). Conclusions Implementing PBL teaching combined with traditional teaching can achieve significantly better teaching effect than traditional teaching, therefore it is worthy of application and promotion.

“The guideline for the diagnosis and management of thyroid diseases during pregnancy and postpartum in China” written by Chinese Society of Endocrinology and Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine is now formally published.This guideline was written following the principles of “based on the national conditions,evidencebased medicine,being innovative and realistic,and resource sharing”.It is modeled on the guideline issued by American Thyroid Association in 2011,joining the research of domestic scholars and combining with the actual situation of domestic clinical work and maternal and child health.This guideline contains 11 chapters,taking question terms and recommendation terms in the model,and a total of 68 problem terms and 57 recommendation terms.This paper deeply discusses the problems about the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy,as well as the importance of establishing gestation-specific TSH reference interval.

Objective To explore the possibility of finding pulmonary embolish by CT scan. Methods 20 cases of patients with pulmonary embolism comfirmed by CTA were selected. The CT scan was compared with the enhance film in the same level of contrast observation site. Results 12 cases found in plain site with the CTA form show abnormal density within the same lumen shadow. Indirect signs of bronchial artery dilatation except plain and outside the CTA showed no difference. Conclusion Pulmonary embolism in the carefully observed before enhanced large artery can be found within the thrombus.