Thyroid hormones play important roles in growth, development, and metabolism of various cells and tissues. It has been assumed for a long time that thyroid hormones are lipophilic and enter cells by passive diffusion, but it has become increasingly clear that cellular uptake and efflux of thyroid hormones are mediated by transporters. The discovery of these thyroid hormone transporters will lead to a better understanding of the tissuespecific regulation of thyroid hormones.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; analysis ; immunology ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; analysis ; immunology ; Antigens, Nuclear ; immunology ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; immunology ; Autoantibodies ; analysis ; immunology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Nucleosomes ; immunology ; Phospholipids ; immunology ; Rheumatic Diseases ; immunology ; physiopathology

For the first time,the iodine-induced thyroid diseases group of China Medical University has finished a five-year prospective epidemiological study on the incidences of thyroid diseases in the three communities with various levels of iodine intake.The results indicated that increased incidences of subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis in the communities with more than adequate and excessive iodine intake.The individuals with positive thyroid autoantibodies at baseline more likely became hypothyroid due to more than adequate and excessive iodine intake.These adverse effects are mainly involved in the susceptible populations for thyroid diseases.Hence it appears to be reasonable that iodine supplementation should be conducted by localization and individualization.

Objective:To investigate the Ki-67,MMP-7,MMP-2 expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasm(CIN)and cervical cancer,with the aim of evaluating their association with the development,aggressiveness and lymph node metastasis.Methods:The immunohistochemical S-P method and image analysis were used to detect Ki-67,MMP-7,MMP-2 expression in 50 cases with cervical cancer,23 cases with CIN and 20 cases of normal control.Results:Ki-67,MMP-7,MMP-2 were mainly expressed in the membrane and /or cytoplasm in tumor cells.The positive rate of Ki-67,MMP-7and MMP-2 were 72.00%,78.00%,76.00%in carcinoma,47.83%, 60.87%,56.52%in CIN lesions,10,0,0 in normal cervical tissues respectively.Expression rate in ICC was obviously higher than that in control group(P0.05).High grade diseases and those with lymph node involved presented with higher ki-67 expression than low grade diseases and those without lymph node metastasis(P

Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) proposed two diagnostic criteria for subclinical hypothyroidism during the first trimester of pregnancy:criterion 1 was based on the pregnancy-specific TSH reference range and criterion 2 on serum TSH＞2.5 mIU/L level with normal serum FT4.According to the results of the Subclinical hypothyroidism during early pregnancy study,author proposed that criterion 2 is not appropriate for Chinese pregnant women because the TSH concentration has become significantly higher in whole Chinese population.By using criterion 2,the prevalence may be as high as 27.8％,which may result in over-diagnosis and over treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of problem-based learning(PBL) combined with traditional teaching in the teaching of electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis. Methods Totally 80 2011 grade clinical medicine students were enrolled and randomly divided into study group and regular group. Traditional teaching method was implemented in regular group while PBL com-bined with traditional teaching was applied in study group. Effect was observed;measurement data were analyzed by independent samples t test and were expressed as mean ± standard deviation x±s;enumeration data were analyzed by χ2 test. P<0.05 signifies statistical differences. Results Satisfaction degree of students towards teachers was 95.0%(38/40) in study group and was 80.0%(32/40) in regular group with statistical significances between two groups(P=0.001). Satisfaction degree of students towards teaching method was 100 . 0%( 40/40 ) in study group and was 87 . 5%(35/40) in regular group with statistical significances between two groups (P=0.000). Operating skills, theoretical knowledge and ECG analysis capabilities scores were significantly higher in study group than in regular group with statistical differences(P=0.012, P=0.021, P=0.016). Conclusions Implementing PBL teaching combined with traditional teaching can achieve significantly better teaching effect than traditional teaching, therefore it is worthy of application and promotion.

Neuroblastoma is one of the solid tumors in children which easily metastasizes to bone.It causes radiographic appearance of osteoclastic reactions after bone metastases.In the process,neuroblastoma cells,osteoblasts and bone stromal cells secrete a series of related factors to promote bone metastases.In this paper,the progress of the mechanism in bone destruction caused by neuroblastoma is reviewed.

This review highlights the high prevalence of antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections(URTIs) in a larger part of the Asia-Pacific region. Since URTIs are one of the common reasons for primary care consultations in this region, inappropriate use of antibiotic in both quantity and drug choice has greatly influenced the development of antibiotic resistance. Notwithstanding the paucity of Asia-Pacific data on the above issues, the available information suggests urgent actions needed to be taken to promote judicious antibiotic use at the point-of-care through a multipronged approach targeting the patients/consumers (or parents), healthcare providers and health care systems.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Respiratory Tract Infections

Traditional Chinese medicine evolves from the historical environment of China's ancient civilization,regarding the holistic concept as the foundation stone of the thought,the image-knowing-thinking as the mode of thinking,syndrome differentiation and treatment as the clinical characteristic.Those are essential characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine.Nowadays,the difficulty that TCM meets,is not to handle affairs according to the rule of development of the traditional Chinese medicine oneself.It is proposed that we must insist on holding the essential characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine oneself to inherit and develop traditional Chinese medicine;making succession a priority in the relation between inherition and innovation;combining the characteristics of the time,to utilize all human's civilization achievements that can be utilized.

[Summary] The incidence of thyroid cancer in China is increasing rapidly, at an annual percentage change (APC)of 20. 1%, while the APC of mortality of thyroid cancer is only 1. 6%, which is defined asoverdiagnosis by the experts of tumor field. This tendency is due to the over-screening for thyroid nodules and cancers with high resolution of B ultrasound equipments. The prevalence of latent thyroid cancer is 11. 5% in human-being as found by the autopsy. However, the prognosis of the majority of patients is good. The clinical doctors and health-care department of government in China should take actions to deal with the tendency of over-screening andoverdiagnosisfor thyroid nodules and cancers.