Humans ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Temporal Bone ; abnormalities

Adolescent ; Cholesteatoma ; complications ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Temporal Bone

Temporal hollowing occurs to varying degrees after pterional craniotomy. The most common cause of temporal hollowing is a bony defect of the pterional and temporal regions due to the resection of the sphenoid ridge and temporal squama for adequate exposure without overhang. The augmentation of such bony defects is important in preventing craniofacial deformities and postoperative hollowness. Temporal cranioplasty has been performed using a range of materials, such as acrylics, porous polyethylene, bone cement, titanium, muscle flaps, and prosthetic dermis. These methods are limited by the risk of damage to adjacent tissue and infection, a prolonged preparation phase, the possibility of reabsorption, and cost inefficiency. We have developed a method of temporal augmentation using a calvarial onlay graft as a single-stage neurosurgical reconstructive operation in patients requiring craniotomy. In this report, we describe the surgical details and review our institutional outcomes. The patients were divided into pterional craniotomy and onlay graft groups. Clinical temporal hollowing was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Temporal soft tissue thickness was measured on preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) studies. Both the VAS and CT-based assessments were compared between the groups. Our review indicated that the use of an onlay graft was associated with a lower VAS score and left-right discrepancy in the temporal contour than were observed in patients undergoing pterional craniotomy without an onlay graft.
Bone Transplantation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniotomy* ; Dermis ; Humans ; Inlays* ; Polyethylene ; Temporal Bone ; Titanium ; Transplants* ; Visual Analog Scale

Temporal hollowing is a contour deformity that results in a concavity or hollowing of the temporal region, causing significant cosmetic problems that affect patients both physically and psychologically. For these patients, cranioplasty is needed for protective coverage of the brain and to restore a pleasing aesthetic contour to the cranium. We report a case in which titanium mesh was used as a customized craniofacial implant for a bony defect and a silicone implant was used for soft tissue augmentation of muscle and to address temporal fat pad atrophy. The procedure resulted in high patient satisfaction from an aesthetic standpoint and, importantly, restored a functional barrier resistant to trauma.
Adipose Tissue ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Silicon ; Silicones ; Skull ; Temporal Bone ; Temporal Lobe ; Titanium

Paget's disease is a localized bone disorder that affects widespread areas of skeleton characterized by increased bone remodeling. It is a chronic, progressive disease of unknown etiology. The pathologic process is initiated by hyperactive osteoclastic bone resorption followed by a compensatory increase in the osteoblastic new bone formation. New pagetic bones are disorganized and more susceptible to deformities and fractures. Paget's disease can affect one or multiple bones in the systemic skeleton, including the temporal bone. We experienced a case of chronic otitis media combined with an external auditory canal stenosis due to Paget's disease of the temporal bone. We report clinicopathologic features of this rare case.
Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Ear Canal ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Osteogenesis ; Otitis Media ; Skeleton ; Temporal Bone

Osteomas in the head and neck regions are benign bone neplasms usually found in the frontoethmoid area. Osteomas are usually produce symptoms secondary to pressure on adjacent structures. Although commonly discovered in the external auditory canal of the temporal bone, few cases have been reported in the mastoid or squamous portion of the temporal bone. When located in the mastoid and squamous parts of the temporal bone osteomas can cause cosmetic deformity such as external mass or an auricular protrusion. Other neoplasms of the mastoid region such as osteosarcoma and osteoblastic metastasis should be considered for the differential diagnosis. The authors experienced a case of osteoma that originated from mastoid of temporal bone. We report this rare case and its successful management with a review of the literatures.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ear Canal ; Head ; Mastoid* ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoma* ; Osteosarcoma ; Temporal Bone

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; therapy ; Temporal Bone ; abnormalities

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palatine Tonsil ; surgery ; Temporal Bone ; abnormalities ; surgery

Among the inner ear anomalies, incomplete partition type III (IP III) is a rare finding. The X-linked deafness type 3 (DFN3), the most common type of X-linked hearing loss of its kind, results from mutations in the POU3F4 gene and accounts for -50% of all families carrying X-linked non-syndromic hearing loss. Pathognomonic temporal bone deformities, recently classified as IP III, have been associated with DFN3. We report a patient with IP III carrying a mutation in the POU3F4 gene who experienced cerebrospinal fluid gusher during and after cochlear implantation.
Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Deafness ; Ear, Inner ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Lifting ; Temporal Bone

OBJECTIVE: We explore the deformity degrees of external ear, mastoid process, tympanic cavity and auditory ossicle by the HRCT features of bilateral and unilateral patients of congenital abnormality of external and middle ear for preoperative analysis and selection for surgical approaches. METHOD: Twenty-nine patients were enrolled in our study, and HRCT were performed on all patients. There were 23 unilateral ears deformity (13 right and 10 left), 6 patients with bilateral ears deformity in the study group. Nineteen patients (19 ears) were treated with operations. RESULT: The deformity degree of auricle was correlated with that of external auditory meatus, and mastoid process develops bad aeration extent with bad tympanic cavity development in 35 ears in our research. We got data of shortest distance from tympanic cape to atresia board in HRCT, (0.59 +/- 0.13)cm in comparison group, (0.45 +/- 0.19)cm in unilateral deformity group, (0.32 +/- 0.12)cm in bilateral deformity group, and there were significant differences compared the two deformity groups with the comparison group. There were 1 ear with normal auditory ossicle (2.86%), 5 ears with fixation of stapes foot board (14.29%), 3 ears with no auditory ossicle (8.57%); 26 ears with malleus and incus abnormality (74.29%). Abnormality of malleus was always concomitant with that of incus. Degeneration of malleus, the joint amalgamation of malleus and incus were discovered mostly in this research. CONCLUSION The deformity degree of auricle is correlated with that of external auditory meatus, and mastoid process develops bad aeration extent with bad tympanic cavity development in 35 ears in our research. The shortest distance from tympanic cape to atresia board in HRCT in unilateral ears deformity group are shorten 0.15 cm in that of comparison group. And that of bilateral ears deformity group are shorten 0.25 cm in that of comparison group. The main abnormality of auditory ossicle in our research present in both malleus and incus, and degeneration of malleus and the joint amalgamation of malleus and incus are main types.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear Ossicles ; abnormalities ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Malleus ; abnormalities ; Radiography ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Young Adult