No abstract available.
Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Doxycycline* ; Enoxacin* ; Erythromycin* ; Pipemidic Acid*

No abstract available.
Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Doxycycline* ; Enoxacin* ; Erythromycin* ; Pipemidic Acid*

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of breathing biofeedback training on the stress of nursing students in clinical practice. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 39 nursing students from the College of Nursing of K University. The study was conducted from July 20 to September 3, 1998. The subjects were assigned to one of two groups : the experimental group (19 students), and the control group (20 students). The breathing biofeedback training was performed 12 times with the experimental group. The level of psychological stress was measured using the State Anxiety Inventory, Profile of Mood State, and Visual Analogue Stress Scale. The level of physiological stress was measured using pulse rate and blood pressure. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, x2-test, t-test, and repeated measures of ANOVA. The results of study are as follows : 1) State anxiety scores were not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training. 2) Profile of mood state scores were not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training. 3) Visual Analogue Stress Scale scores were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training(F=11.68, p=0.002). 4) Pulse rates were not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training. 5) Systolic blood pressures were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training(F=5.44, p=0.025). 6) Diastolic blood pressures were not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after the biofeedback training. On the basis of the above findings, the following recommendations for further study are made ; 1) Identification of the effects of breathing biofeedback training at times of high stress during clinical practice. 2) Identification of the effects of stress reduction according to the frequency of the breathing biofeedback training.
Anxiety ; Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Research Design ; Respiration* ; Stress, Physiological ; Stress, Psychological ; Students, Nursing*

We reviewed the hospital records of 104 consecutive eyes in 101 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy at Presbyterian Medical Center from January 1993 to December 1995 and studied the postoperative visual acuity and postoperative complications. Possible indications for pars plana vitrectomy were follows: complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (30.7%),complications of other types of proliferative retinopathy except proliferative diabetic retinopathy(25.0%),complications of anterior segment surgeries (14.4%), complex retinal detachments(8.7%), intraocular inflammations and uveitis (8.7%), macular diseases (6.7%), and complications of ocular trauma (5.8%), Regarding postoperative final visual acuity, 53 eyes(51.0%) were improved, 30eyes(28.8%) were stabilized, 21eyes(20.2%) were worsened. Intraoperative or postopertive cataract, retinal breaks or retinal detachment were most frequent complications. We expected that pars plana vitrectomy might be indicated in various ocular diseases containing proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Cataract ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Postoperative Complications ; Protestantism ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy*

PURPOSE: Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are key enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and other ecosanoids. There are two isoforms of COX, a constitutive one is COX-1 and inducible counterpart is COX-2. COX-2 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis, metastatic potential and angiogenesis. COX-2 inhibitors induce apoptotic cell death and prostaglandin E2 induces its expression. For examination of the action mechanism of COX-2, we investigated expression of bcl-2 related genes through the treatment of COX-2 selective inhibitor, NS-398 on two prostatic cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two prostatic cancer cell lines, PC-3 and LNCaP, were used. MTT assay was done to estimate the viability of prostatic cancer cells after NS-398 treatment. COX-2, bcl-2, bcl-XL, mcl-1, bfl-1, bax, bak, bik and bcl-Xs mRNA expression levels were evaluated by RT-PCR and cDNA Southern blot. RESULTS: The viability of PC-3 and LNCaP cells were decreased by NS-398 treatment. COX-2 mRNA expression was confirmed in PC-3 and LNCaP cells but faintly expressed in LNCaP cells. Bcl-2, bcl-XL, mcl-1, bfl-1, bax, bak, bik and bcl-Xs mRNA were expressed in both cell lines. After NS-398 treatment, bax-alpha mRNA expression were increased and bfl-1 was decreased in PC-3 cells. CONCLUSIONS: COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398 decreases the viability of PC-3 and LNCaP cells. Its mechanism is probably partially related with bfl-1 and bax-alpha mRNA expression levels. Because NS-398 induced apoptotic cell death can be develped by COX-2 protein independent pathway, additional experiment is needed by COX-2 transfection method.
Apoptosis ; Arachidonic Acid ; Blotting, Southern ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Death ; Cell Line* ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Dinoprostone ; DNA, Complementary ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Prostaglandins ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Protein Isoforms ; RNA, Messenger ; Transfection

According to the reports, the prevalence of anti-HCV is about 1%. In past, the results of the prevalence of HBs Ag & HBs Ab in the patients of Hansen's disease were reported. But we don't know about that of anti-HCV. So we study about the prevalence of serum anti-HCV of 60 patients & PALS of Hansen's disease. And we test about Alk. Phosp., ALT, AST, Gtlc HBs Ag & HBs Ab. 1. The prevalence of anti-HCV is 8.33%. It is higher than past reports(about 1-2%). 2. The prevalence of HBs Ag is 3.4% & that of HBs Ab is 36.3%. 3. Because of the high prevalence of anti-HCV in the patients of Hansen's disease & PALS, we think that more studies are need about it.
Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C Antibodies* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Leprosy ; Prevalence

We performed a clinical observation on the 208 cases of infectious hepatitis who were cared at the pediatric department of Fatima Hospital from July, 1, 1970, to June, 30, 1977, and obtained the following results. 1. The ratio of infectious hepatitis to the total number of in-patients was 3.25 in average. 2. There was no significant difference in seasonal incidence except spring when the incidence was lower than the other seasons. 3. The age-group of 3~8 years old occupied 69% of the total cases and sex incidence revealed mali predominence with the ratio about 2:1. 4. The frequently observed clinical manifestations included ; Anorexia(71%)Nausea/Vomiting(65%), Tiredness(53%), Dark urine(59%), Abdominal pain(54%), Fever(45%), Jaundice(75%), Hepatomegaly(71%), Tenderness on upper adbomen(40%), and Palpable spleen(12.3%). 5. In the most of the cases the hematologic findings were with-in normal limit. 6. Bilirubinuria was observed in about 65% of the tested cases during the first 2 weeks of the illness and urinary urobilinogen was decreased during the second week of the illness. 7. In the majority of the cases the serum bilirubin reached peak during the second week of the illness and ranged 2~15mg%. And by the end of the 4th week illness, they returned to less than 2mg% in the 85%of the tested cases. 8. SGOT and SGPT reached peak during the first week of the illness and by the end of 4th week, they returned to less than 100 unit in the most the tested cases. And the values of SGOTwere higher than SGOT throughout the course of the illness. 9. The electrophoresis of the serum protein revealed as follow ; 1-globulin decreased slightly and -globulin in creased. 10. We experienced 30 cases (14.4%) of anicteric hepatitis. 11. ABHg was positive in 2(3.8%) of the 52 tested cases. 12. 10 of the 208 cases complicated hepatic coma and 10 of them expired and 3 of them dischared without clinical improvement.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Child* ; Electrophoresis ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mali ; Seasons ; Urobilinogen

Guillain-Barre syndrom(GBS) is not a single entity, but may arise from a variety of pathogenic mechanisms. In GBS, abnormally increased autoantibody levels to GM, constitute a group with motor neuropathy predominantly and substantial axonal damage, particularly those following Campylobacter enteritis. We report a patient, 43 years old male, who presented with 3 days history of rapidly progressive weakness of all extremities. Electreophysiologic studies were suggestive of axonal form of motor dominant polyneuropathy, Using ELISA, autoantibody of MAG(myelin associated glycoprtein) and SGPG(sulfoglucuronyl paraglobiside) showed normal ranges, but IgG GM. Autoantibodies abnormally elevated. Additionally antibody titer of Campylobacter jejuni increased. We reported the axonal form of Guillain, Barr syndrome associated with IgG GM,, Ab and antiCampylobacter jejuni antibody.
Adult ; Autoantibodies ; Axons* ; Campylobacter jejuni* ; Campylobacter* ; Enteritis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extremities ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Male ; Polyneuropathies ; Reference Values

A free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium is a rare complication of the mitral valvular disease. A 53-year-old man was admitted for pain and paresthesia on both legs. On admission he had auscultatory sign of mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation, and the roentgenogram of his chest revealed a slight pulmonary ve..ous congestion, enlargement of the pulmonary conus and cardiomegaly. Laboratory findings including complete blood counts, coagulation studies and blood chemistry were normal. An echocardiographic examination revealed a mitral stenosis and a free-floating ball thrombus in the left atrium. We performed the emergent open heart surgery for removal of the ball thrombus and mitral replacement successfuly with Duromedics 29 mm valve. The size of thrombus was 39 X 32 X 30 mm.
Blood Cell Count ; Cardiomegaly ; Chemistry ; Conus Snail ; Echocardiography ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Leg ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Paresthesia ; Thoracic Surgery ; Thorax ; Thrombosis*

Preadipocyte cell lines are useful models for investigating adipogenesis process. 3T3-L1 preadipocyte, which can be induced to differentiate into adipocyte in cell culture, is one of the most studied preadipocyte cell lines. When exposed to the appropriate differentiation inducer, including insulin, dexamethasone and 3-isobutyl- 1-methylxanthine, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiate into adipocytes. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of epigallocatechin on differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte, and to test whether epigallocatechin can be useful to reduce fat deposition. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT(3,4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2,5-Diphenyl- Tetrazoliumbromide) spectro-photometry, fat content followed by cell differentiation was determined by Oil Red O staining, and the degree of differentiation into adipocytes were determined by measuring mRNA content and activity of glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH). Epigallocatechin inhibited proliferation of preadipocytes, not into adipocytes. Fat storage during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte conversion into adipocyte was inhibited by epigallocathechin. Epigallocatechin decreased G3PDH, leptin mRNA and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)gamma mRNA which were increased by differentiation of preadipocyte into adipocyte. These results suggest that epigallocatechin has a potential to serve as a fat-reducing drug.
Adipocytes ; Adipogenesis* ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Dexamethasone ; Insulin ; Leptin ; Oxidoreductases ; Peroxisomes ; RNA, Messenger