PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore NVP process in woman. METHOD: This study is based on grounded theory methodology by Strauss & Corbin. The participant were 12 women selected by theoretical sampling. The data were collected by in-depth interviews using audiotape recording over a period of five months. The data were analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which new data were continuously coded in categories and properties according to Strauss and Corbin' methodology. RESULT: NVP is caused by having an empty stomach and irritation of smell. NVP occur in connection with environmental change and overworking. The central incident about NVP in Woman were aggravation of physical condition and irritability of emotional state. Intervening condition that conclude action/interational strategies of NVP -Coping behavior is related to family support. Action/interational strategies to NVP-Coping in woman were dependence on medical treatment, change in food intake, rest, removal of smell, conversion in attention.. NVP in woman result in ambivalence. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the result of this study may contributed to the development NVP-coping strategy for woman. There is need to develop family support system and individualized care plan respect to food favorite.
Eating ; Female ; Grounded Theory* ; Humans ; Hyperemesis Gravidarum ; Methods ; Nausea* ; Pregnancy ; Smell ; Stomach ; Tape Recording ; Vomiting*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a grounded theoretical analysis on the hospital accreditation experience of head nurses in order to understand their behavior on the adaption of this new system. METHODS: The participants were 8 head nurses with more than 3 years of experience. The data were collected through in-depth interviews using audiotape recording analyzed by the constant comparative method described in Strauss and Corbin's methodology. RESULTS: There were 113 concepts, 26 subcategories and 12 categories identified through the open coding process. In the axial coding, the following paradigm model was proposed: 1) the causal conditions were ‘hardware problem’ and ‘software problem’, 2) the contextual conditions were ‘vertical relationship’, ‘individual preference’, and ‘family support’, 3) the intervening conditions were ‘passive conditions’ and ‘active conditions’, 4) the action/interaction strategies were ‘leading role’ and ‘dependent role’, 5) the consequences were ‘positive acceptance’ and ‘negative acceptance’, 6) the central phenomenon was ‘difficult situation’ and 7) the core category was ‘leading in harmony’. CONCLUSION: The new system led head nurses having difficulties as the middleman between the hospital administration and general nurses, but they made a continuous effort to overcome and adapt to it through a number of strategies.
Accreditation* ; Clinical Coding ; Grounded Theory ; Head* ; Hospital Administration ; Hospitals, General* ; Methods ; Nursing, Supervisory* ; Tape Recording

PURPOSE: The present study was done to discover the structure of universal actual experiences 'Considering tomorrow' of health and quality of life among North Korean refugees in terms of the socio-cultural context of South Korea. METHOD: The research question was 'what is the structure of the actual experience of 'Considering tomorrow?', which was examined based on the Parse's human becoming research method. Five North Korean adult refugees were recruited from a National Reconciliation Committee in Seoul/Incheon. The data was gathered from dialogues and collected from February, 2006 to November, 2006. RESULTS: The structures found in this study were: 'hope for future life by taking responsibility and having harmony with South Koreans, by forming an integrated identification; having a chance for positive engagement, by attaining human freedom and hope; feeling respected, by assimilating self to the new world; getting freedom back, by facing a new challenge and preparing self for a new social role; overcoming cultural differences with fortified hardiness for survival, by making a decision for a life course with individual growth. In addition, conceptual integration was that 'Considering tomorrow is transforming the enabling-limiting values'. CONCLUSION: Health professionals need to know North Korean refugees' psychological difficulties, expectations of treatment, help seeking behavior, and expectations from mainstream culture. Additionally, understanding North Korean refugees' needs for reality, health education and a multi-disciplinary team approach are necessary to improve their health.
*Acculturation ; *Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Mental Health ; Nursing Methodology Research ; Refugees/*psychology ; Social Alienation ; Social Identification ; Tape Recording/methods