ObjectiveTo verify the reliability of the mouse model of cerebral cortical microinfarct induced by two-photon microscopy and to explore its pathological changes.MethodsSeventeen male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a microinfarct group (n=11) or a sham operation group (n=6).A thinned cranial window of 3 mm diameter was performed over the cerebral cortex with a high-speed micro-drill until the small blood vessels were clearly observed under a dissecting microscope.Then, a permanent single cortical penetrating arteriole occlusion was induced with a gradually enhanced ultrashort laser irradiation through the thinned cranial window with two-photon microscopy.At 7 days after modeling, the cerebral microinfarct volume was measured with HE staining, and the neuron loss, activation of glial cells and deposition of 3-nitrotyrosine were assessed using immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe target vessels of cerebral cortex in 8 (72.7%) mice were occluded and the microinfarcts formed in the microinfarct group, and the average microinfarct volume was 317.23±20.29 μm3.There were remarkable neuron loss and microglia infiltration in the infarcted core, a large number of reactive astrocytes surrounding the infarcted lesion, and massive deposition of 3-nitrotyrosine in the peri-infarct area.No infarcts were observed in the sham operation group.The deposition of 3-nitrotyrosine in the sham operation group was significantly less than that in the microinfarct group (8.00±1.48 vs.98.38±9.10;t=23.962, P<0.001).Conclusions The mouse model of cerebral cortical microinfarct induced by two-photon microscopy is reliable, and its histopathologic changes are consistent with the pathologic features of cerebral microinfarct.

Objective To explore the influence of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) therapy on cardiac index (CD, global end-diastolic volume index (GEDI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI) monitored by Pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO). Methods The 12 critically ill patients with acute renal failure were selected consecutively from department of intensive care unit (ICU) in Beijing Hospital. The patients who received CVVH therapy were monitored by PiCCO plus device. The hemodynamic measurements were performed during the process and interruption of CVVH. Pared t-test was used to analyze the values of CI, GEDI and ELWI. Results A total of 48 groups of data from 12 patients were analyzed. There were no significant differences in CI [(4.75±0.93) L ? min(-1) · m(-2)vs. (4.69±0.89) L · min(-1) · m(-2)], GEDI [(780.60±109.30) ml/m2 vs. (784.75± 106.20) ml/m2] and ELWI CC11.61±3.45) ml/kg vs. (11.54±3.56) ml/kg] between the interruption and process of CVVH, as obtained by the pared t-test (all P>0.05). Conclusions The CVVH therapy has no effect on the accuracy and reliability of PiCCO measurement of CI, GEDI and ELWI.

This paper proposes a portable dual-wavelength HGB measurement system to avoid the defect that the single-wavelength HGB (Hemoglobin) admeasuring apparatus needs to measure the blank solution for comparison and correction, The system consists of constant light sources, residual, core controller based on ARM, data processing unit, LCD part and so on. Compared with the methods of single-wavelength measurement, the system is proved to be high-efficiency and can work at a high speed, and well meet the need of clinical medicine, The technology and methods adopted in the system are practical and can be extensively used.
Equipment Design ; Hemoglobinometry ; methods ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Software ; Software Design

Objective To prospectively investigate the effects of high-flow nasal oxygen on hypoxemic patients after surgery.Methods A total of 108 postoperation hypoxemic patients (150 mmHg ≤ PaO2/FiO2 ＜300 mmHg, PaCO2 ≤50 mmHg) in Beijing Hospital Surgical Intensive Critical Unit was in cluded and assigned randomly to two groups from June 2016 to April 2017.Fifty four patients (study group) who received high-flow nasal oxygen therapy were compared with 54 patients (control group) who received noninvasive ventilation therapy.The data of reintubation and mortality in 28 days after extubation were collected and analyzed.Results No significant differences were found for reintubation rate (11.1％ vs 13.0％,P =0.767) and mortality (5.6％ vs 7.4％, P =0.696) in 28 days after extubation between two groups.In subgroup analysis, no significant differences were found for different hypoxima level (250 mmHg ≤ PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 300 mmHg,200 mmHg ≤ PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 250 mmHg and 150 mmHg≤ PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 200 mmHg) between two groups, for reintubation rate (0 vs 3.7％,P =0.296;20％ vs 14.3％,P =0.684;30％ vs 30.8％,P =0.968, respectively) and mortality (0 vs 3.7％,P =0.296;6.7％ vs 7.1％,P =0.960;20％ vs 15.4％,P =0.772, respectively).Face skin breakdown were significantly more common in control group (1 1.1％ vs 0,P =0.012).Conclusions High-flow nasal oxygen therapy was not inferior to noninvasive ventilation for mild and moderate hypoxemic patients after surgery.High-flow nasal oxygen therapy is safe and effective for these patients.

Objective To investigate effects of Levosimendan on hemodynamics in heart failure patients with low cardiac output. Methods A total of 27 heart failure patients with low cardiac output were recruited in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU)of Beijing Hospital from July 2009 to May 2016. All patients were treated with continuous intravenous infusion of Levosimendan 12.5 mg within 24 h at a rate of 0.1~0.2 μg· kg -1·min-1. Hemodynamic variables were monitored by pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output(PICCO)at baseline ,24 h ,4 d and 7 d after infusion. Results There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure(SBP) ,diastolic blood pressure(DBP) ,heart rate(HR)and global end diastolic volume index (GEDI)as comparing baseline with 24 h ,4 d and 7 d after infusion of levosimendan. The significant differences were found in central venous pressure (CVP) ,systemic vessel resistance index (SVRI) , extravascular lung water index (EVLWI ) among baseline versus 24 h ,4 d and 7 d after infusion of levosimendan[(8.34± 2.87)mmHg vs.(6.35± 2.31),(6.81± 2.03),(5.92± 2.23)mmHgforCVP ,(2 682.0 ± 388.9)dyn·s-1·cm -5·m-2vs. (2 170.0 ± 410.9) ,(2 062.0 ± 340.6 ) ,(1 960.0 ± 380.2 )dyn ·s-1·cm-5·m-2for SVRI ,(8.90 ± 2.45)ml/kg vs. (6.60 ± 2.66) ,(5.92 ± 2.88) ,(5.46 ± 2.52) ml/kg for EVLWI ,P=0.001 ,0.003 or＜0.01 ,respectively].As compared with hemodynamic variables at baseline ,brain natriuretic peptide levels were decreased ,and cardiac index ,cardiac function index and stroke volume index were increased at 24 h ,4 d and 7 d after infusion of Levosimendan (P＜0.01 ,0.05 or 0.01 , respectively ). Conclusions A single-dose intravenous infusion of Levosimendan can increase cardiac output and decrease systemic vascular resistance in heart failure patients with low cardiac output ,which maintain quite a long time.

Purpose: Cavernous nerve injury induced erectile dysfunction (ED) is a refractory complication with high incidence in person under radical prostatectomy. Studies have shown that relaxin-2 (RLX-2) plays a vital role of endothelial protection, vasodilation, anti-fibrosis and neuroprotection in a variety of diseases. However, whether penile cavernous erection can benefit from RLX-2 remains unknown. The purpose of the experiment was to explore the effects of RLX-2 on ED in the rat suffering with bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI). Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into three groups: Sham group was underwent sham operation, BCNI+RLX group or BCNI group was underwent bilateral cavernous nerve crush and then randomly treated with RLX-2 (0.4 mg/kg/d) or saline by continuous administration using a subcutaneously implanted micro pump for 4 weeks respectively. Then, erectile function was evaluated by electrical stimulation of cavernous nerves. Cavernous nerves and penile tissues and were collected for histological evaluation. Results: Erectile function of rats with BCNI was partially improved after RLX-2 treatment. The BCNI group had lower expression of relaxin family peptide receptor (RXFP) 1, p-AKT/AKT, p-eNOS/eNOS ratios than sham operation rats, but RLX-2 could partially reversed these changes. Histologically, the BCNI+RLX group had a significant effect on preservation of neurofilament, neuronal glial antigen 2 of penile tissue and nNOS of cavernous nerves when compared with BCNI group. RLX-2 could inhibited the lever of BCNI induced corporal fibrosis and apoptosis via regulating TGFβ1-Smad2/3-CTGF pathway and the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase3. Conclusions RLX-2 could improve erectile function of BCNI rats by protecting cavernous nerve and endothelial function and suppressing corporal fibrosis and apoptosis via RXFP1 and AKT/eNOS pathway. Our findings may provide a promising treatment for refractory BCNI induced ED.