Objective:To investigate whether celecoxib(CXB), a specific COX-2 inhibitor,can inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cells through blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signal transduction pathway.Methods: Primarily cultured cells were treated with different concentrations of CXB(0,2.5?10~(-6),5?10~(-6),1?10~(-5),2?10~(-5),3?10~(-5),4?10~(-5),5?10~(-5)mol/L) and the proliferative status was evaluated by BrdU assay.The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the production of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and phosphoMAPK were measured by real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay;and the expression of PCNA,MAPK and phospho-MAPK protein was detected by Western blotting.Results: BrdU assay revealed that CXB inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner;the maximum inhibition rate([63.9?1.2]%) was found when cells were treated with 2?10~(-5) mol/L CXB for 24 h.VEGF secretion by cyst lining epithelial cell was reduced by CXB in a concentration and time-dependent manner.The mRNA and protein levels of PCNA,phospho-MAPK in CXBtreated group were lower than those in control group(with no CXB treatment).Conclusion: CXB can obviously inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cell and the secretion of VEGF,which might be through interfering with the phosphorylation of MAPK and partly blocking MAPK signal transduction pathway.

Objective To improve the quality and santdard of medical French bilingual teaching and promote the learning ability of the students in medical universities. Medthods Analogy between English and French was applied to the intervention of bilingual teaching in the clinical students who were learning medical French. The advantages and disadvantages were analyzed.Results The students could apply their prior English to medical French learning and make progress in both languages. A series problems were found during the practice:arrangement of teaching contents, lack of teaching materials and shortage of teaching staff. Conclusion Analogy between English and French is an effective teaching method in both foreign language teaching and bilingual teaching. But the expected teaching goals can be achieved only by formulating reasonable teaching contents and strategies and mproving teachers’ quality.

Recurrence and metastasis are main causes ofsurgical treatment failure of non-small cell lung cancer.In prevention of non-small cell lung cancer recurrence and metastasis,Chinese medicine has achieved a certain effect. It has been proved by clinical use of Chinese patent drugs, compound modification based on syndrome differentiation, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment, and molecular mechanism of anti-recurrence and metastasis, though there are still some problems. This article reviews the recent clinical and experimental research status.

Objective To compare the effects of transcranial and trans-spinal low frequency magnetic stimulation (MS) on the expression of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) in the spinal neurons of rats after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Forty-five Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided randomly into a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) group,a trans-spinal cord magnetic stimulation group and a model control group with 15 in each group.Another 6 rats served as a normal control group.Spinal cord injury at the T9-10 level was modeled according to the modified Allen's method.The rats in the two MS groups received magnetic stimulation at 0.5 Hz and 75％ of the maximum output intensity ( 1.9 T) of the magnetic stimulator beginning 24 h post injury.They received 30 pulses daily for 28 days while the rats in the model control group were not exposed to MS.Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale scores and motion evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured at the 1st,7th,14th,21 st and 28th day post injury.The expression of GAP-43 protein was studied using immunohistochemical methods and semi-quantified by Western blotting. Results At the 4th week post injury the average BBB scores in the model control group,the TMS group and the trans-spinal cord magnetic stimulation group were all significantly different. MEP amplitudes decreased significantly in all groups after the injury,and the latency was prolonged,but there were no significant differences among groups at any time point.GAP-43 expression also increased after SCI,and it was significantly higher in the MS groups than in the model control group at 4 weeks. Moreover,the expression of GAP-43 in the trans-spinal cord MS group was significantly greater than in the TMS group.Conclusion Magnetic stimulation can promote nerve regeneration and improve locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury,at least in rats.The effect of trans-spinal cord magnetic stimulation is superior to that of TMS.The mechanism may be related to the activation of central pattern generators.

Objective To investigate the indication, methods and therapeutic effects of breast-conserving surgery in mammary cancer of early stage. Methods A retrospective study on 28 cases of Ⅰ and Ⅱ stage of breast-conserving surgery was underwent. Results Breast-conserving surgery does not destroy the appearance symmetry of breast, and maintains a low baldness rate. The recurrence rate in 5 years after surgery is 5.3%, and the 5 years' survival rate is 100%. Conclusion Breast-conserving surgery combined with the hinese herbal medicine therapy is an effective and safe way to treat mammary cancer in a early stage.

In order to get more nutrition from outside the erythrocyte,new channels were induced by malaria par-asite.These channels play an important role in physiology of the parasitized cell.They are of interest both as potential targets in their own right and as potential drug targeting routes capable of mediating the entry of cytotoxic drugs into the app-ropriate compartment of the infected cell.It is hoped that this new anti-malarial strategy will help to create a sustainable anti-malaria-drug-development portfolio for the treatment of malaria.

Objective: To investigate the effect of celecoxib (CXB), a specific COX-2 inhibitor, on the proliferation of Han: SPRD-cy rats' renal cyst, and to probe into the related mechanism. Methods: Totally 57 3-week-old male Han: SPRD heterozygous(cy/+) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=19): control group (fed with normal forage), low dosage CXB group (3 mg·kg -1·d-1) and high dosage CXB (10 mg·kg -1·d-1) treatment groups. The animals and their bilateral kidneys were weighed; the 2-kidney weight/total body weight (2K/TBW) ratio was calculated. The renal cystic index (CI), fibrosis index, and inflammatory cell infiltration in interstitium were observed by pathologic renal tissue slices. The co-expression of PCNA and COX-2 was analyzed by double immunofluorescence labeling technique and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The expression of PCNA and COX-2 protein was examined by Western blotting analysis. Results: The 2K/TBW ratio of the low dosage group ([1.10±0.009] %) was significantly lower than that of the control group ([1.33±0.02]%) at the 16-week old, (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the inflammatory cell infiltration in other two groups was significantly decreased ([2.6±0.26], [2.8±0.31] vs [3.7±0.33]), P<0.05). The fluorescence intensities of COX-2, PCNA in the low dosage CXB group was significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the other two groups had significantly decreased expression of COX-2 ([0.326±0.011], [0.409±0.008] vs [0.814±0.012], P<0.05) and PCNA ([0.763±0.051], [0.925±0.042] vs [0.988±0.031], P<0.05). Conclusion: CXB at 3, 10 mg·kg -1·d-1 can reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibit the proliferation of Han: SPRD rat's renal cyst, probably through inhibition of COX-2.

Objective: To investigate whether celecoxib (CXB), a specific COX-2 inhibitor, can inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cells through blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway. Methods: Primarily cultured cells were treated wi th different concentrations of CXB (0,2.5×10-6, 5×10-6, 1×10-5, 2×10-5, 3×10-5, 4×10-5, 5×10-5 mol/L) and the proliferative status was evaluated by BrdU assay. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the production of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and phospho-MAPK were measured by real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay; and the expression of PCNA, MAPK and phospho-MAPK protein was detected by Western blotting. Results: BrdU as say revealed that CXB inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner; the maximum inhibition rate ([63.9±1.2]%) was found when cells were treated with 2×10-5 mol/L CXB for 24 h. VEGF secretion by cyst lining epithelial cell was reduced by CXB in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The mRNA and protein levels of PCNA, phospho-MAPK in CXB-treated group were lower than those in control group (with no CXB treatment). Conclusion: CXB ca n obviously inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cell and the secretion of VEGF, which might be through interfering with the phosphorylation of MAPK and partly blocking MAPK signal transduction pathway.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor of male population in the West.Via binding to androgen response element in the genome and interacting with co-regulators,androgen receptor can participate in the development of prostate cancer and the convertion from androgen dependent prostate cancer to androgen independent prostate cancer.Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,coupled with PCR , chip,and high-throughput sequencing ,makes a huge progress in the study on the downstream target genes of androgen receptor and provide a new way to understand the molecular mechanisms of castration -resistant prostate cancer.

Objective:To investigate and compare the influences of Ghrelin and growth hormone releasing peptide 6(GHRP-6) on the contractility of stomach smooth muscle in guinea pigs,and to study the related mechanism.Methods: The myenteric plexuses of gastric fundus and antrium in guinea pigs were stimulated with electrical field stimulation(EFS) to observe the influence of Ghrelin and GHRP-6 on the contractility of stomach smooth muscle.The influences of N-nitro-L-arginine(L-NNA) and L-Arginine(L-AA) on the effect of Ghrelin and GHRP-6 were studied to disclose the mechanism of the effects of Ghrelin and GHRP-6.Results: The circular muscle tissues of the gastric fundus generated on-relaxations and off-contractions when stimulating myenteric plexuses with 1-16 Hz electrical field;the on-responses induced relaxation could be reduced by L-NNA and the off-contractions induced contraction could be blocked by atropine and guanethidine.In fundic strips,ghrelin and GHRP-6 could decrease the on-response induced relaxation and increase off-response induced contraction of the muscle,with the effect of Ghrelin obviously stronger than that of GHRP-6.L-NNA could increase the effects of Ghrelin and GHRP-6-induced muscle contraction,and L-AA could decrease their effects.In the antral strips,electrical field stimulation of myenteric plexuses led to disappearance of relaxation wave,only leaving off-contractions.Both ghrelin and GHRP-6 could increase that contraction.Conclusion: Both ghrelin and GHRP-6 can promote the contractility of stomach smooth muscle in guinea pigs through stimulating myenteric plexuses of gastric fundus and antrium,which might be related to the NO pathway.