Objective To compare the efficacy of alfentanil and remifentanil in minimizing the propofol injection pain. Methods A total of 175 adult female patients undergoing gynecological procedures with general anesthesia were randomly divided into four groups.Patients received alfentanil 1mg(2 mL,AL group,n=43),remifentanil 0.01 mg(2 mL,REM1 group,n=43),remifentanil 0.02 mg(2 mL,REM2 group,n=45) or normal saline(2 mL,control group,n=44) 30 seconds prior to propofol administration.Visual analogue scale(VAS) was employed to evaluate the subjective feelings of pain due to propofol injection,and adverse effects were recorded. Results One patient in REM2 group and one patient in control group were excluded due to difficulty in venous catheterization.The injection pain in AL group,REM1 group and REM2 group was significantly less severe than that in control group(P

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of rapidly growing mycobacteria bloodstream infections.Methods: Based on the two pharmaceutical consultation practice for one case of rapidly growing mycobacteria bloodstream infections after fracture operation, the paper summarized and analyzed the problems in different stages of treatment.Results: The first consultation optimized the dosage of vancomycin according to the patient''s serum concentration and creatinine clearance rate.The second consultation suggested doctors actively perform anti-infection treatment for rapidly growing mycobacteria after the patient''s clinical symptoms and examination results were improved significantly.It is recommended to withdraw anti TB drugs, and the use of clarithromycin combined with amikacin was suitable.The patient was discharged with improved health conditions.Conclusion: Positive intervention and correct diagnosis are the keys for the successful treatment of suspected or definite mycobacteria infection in surgical sites.

Objectiye To study the mechanism by which transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) affects cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia (VD). Methods Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a VD group, a low frequency rTMS group and a high frequency rTMS group. Two-vessel occlusion was employed to induce VD models. Low frequency rTMS group rats were given 0.5 Hz rTMS for six weeks. High frequency rTMS group rats were given 5 Hz rTMS for six weeks. Morris' water maze test was used to measure their spatial learning ability and memory. The ultrastructures of the synapses in the four groups were detected with transmission electron microscopy. The expression of synaptophysin (SYN), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Nmethyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 ( NMDAR1 ) mRNA and protein in the hippocampus were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results The behavior and morphology of the rats treated with rTMS improved. The average expression of SYN, BDNF and NMDAR1 mRNA and protein in the low frequency rTMS group and the high frequency rTMS group were significantly higher than in the VD group. Conclusion rTMS can provide a rehabilitative effect for VD. The mechanism might be associated with enhancing the expression of SYN, BDNF and NMDAR1 in the hippocampus.

Objective To prepare quercetin liposomes and establish a method for determination of its entrapment efficiency.Methods The film dispersion-homogenizing method was used to prepare quercetin liposomes.The formulation was optimized on the basis of orthogonal design and its entrapment efficiency was performed by the protamine sedimentation method.Results The optimal conditions were found to be cholesterol-egg phospholipid=1:3,quercetin-vehicle = 1:40,homogenization pressure 103.4 MPa for three times.The average entrapment efficiency of the optimized nano-liposomes was 92.1%.Conclusion The film dispersion-homogenizing method could be used to prepare quercetin liposomes.The protamine sedimentation method is convenient,accurate,and suitable for the determination of the entrapment effi- ciency of quercetin liposomes.

Objective To analyse the characteristics of orbital benign and malignant masses on diffusion weighted imaging in combination with conventional MR imaging and evaluate the diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient in distinguishing benign and malignant orbital lesions.Methods Seventy- seven cases with orbital masses,including fifty-five benign lesions and twenty-two malignant tumors,who underwent conventional MRI and diffusion imaging scanning were studied with use of a 1.5 T magnetic resonance system.Quantitative ADC measurements of masses(ADC_M)and of the white matter of eontralateral temporal lobe(ADC_W)were made with two different b-values of 0 and 1000 s/mm~2.The ADC ratio(ADCR)of the lesion to the control was calculated.The receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC) were constructed using various cut points of ADC_M and ADCR for different parameters to differentiate between benign and malignant masses.The area under the ROC curve for each parameter was also calculated. Results All cases were proved by histopathology.The mean ADC_M and ADCR of benign orbital masses were(1.56?0.75)?10~(-3)mm~2/s and 1.85?0.91,respectively.The mean ADC_M and ADCR of malignant orbital masses were(1.09?0.42)?10~(-3)mm~2/s and 1.28?0.53,respectively.There were significant difference both between ADC_M and ADCR of benign and malignant masses(t=2.803,2.735,P

Objective To explore the effect of hospital-community-family integrated care on the physical and mental function of discharged stroke patients. Methods Sixty stroke patients discharged from the third people′s hospital of Bengbu were recruited from January 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015. The patients were divided into intervention group and control group by random number table, and 30 patients in each group. Rehabilitated nursing intervention including feeding, language, physical and psychological and psychological trainings were conducted in intervention group, while participants in control group only received routing nursing service. Then, the Barthel index scores, Fugl-Meyer motor function scores and Hanmilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores were assessed in both two groups pre-intervention and six months after intervention. Results Intervened before and 6 months after the intervention group of patients with Barthel index score respectively (44.17 ± 11.21) points, (72.47 ± 15.36) points, Fugl-Meyer motor function scores were respectively (43.47±16.22) points, (62.39 ±15.41) points, HAMD scores were (26.81 ± 8.24) points, (17.42 ± 6.29). The difference was statistically significant (t=8.16, 4.64, 4.97, P <0.01). In contrast, the control group of patients with Barthel index score changes showed statistical significance (t=1.94, P=0.03), HAMD score also had differences (t=1.86, P=0.04) and the change was far less than the intervention group. Between the two groups after the intervention compared with Barthel index score, Fugl-Meyer motor function score and HAMD also had statistical significance (t=5.81, 3.55, 2.35, P = 0.00). Conclusions The rehabilitated nursing intervention has evident effects onliving environment,daily life, physical and mental function in discharged stroke patients, and the intervention approaches we used have certain clinical practice value.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the resistance phenotype of acinetobacter baumannii and the expression of ade efflux pump gene. METHODS: Non-repetitive 51 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected in Peking Union Medical Hospital between Feb. 2004 and Feb. 2005. The active efflux system adeB structural gene and sequence were identified by PCR. RESULTS: The tested strains were not susceptible to common broad-spectrum antibiotics. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carried adeB active efflux pump gene. CONCLUSION: The multiple-drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is independent of ?-lactamase. It maybe related to other drug resistance mechanism. The effect of active efflux system is possibly one of the major mechanisms of multidrug resistance of acinetobacter baumannii.

Objective To investigate rates and clinical associates of combined antipsychotic therapy in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia during 1986 ～ 2006. Methods Hospital charts of schizophrenic inpatients who discharged from six psychiatric hospitals in Tangshan in 1986,1996,2001, and 2006 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical character and prescription information at time of discharged of patients' was coded by trained investigators with a special designed form. Results The rates of combination antipsychotic therapy in the four years mentioned above were 13.2%, 18. 1% ,32.7%, and 28.9% ,respectively and the difference was statistically significant( x2 = 76.431, P ＜ 0.01; linear by linear x2 = 25. 542, P ＜ 0.01 ). Combined antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenic inpatients in Tangshan region show a increasing trend. There is significant difference of rate of combined antipsychotic therapy between hospitals. Combined antipsychotic therapy were associated with duration of illness,numbers of prior psychiatric hospital admission,hospital from which patients discharged,and discharged year.

Relatively uniform-sized nanoparticles made of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) were prepared by premix membrane emulsification method. After the drug loading property was completed, the dynamic tissue distribution of nanoparticles was recorded. With the average particle size and span as indexes, membrane pore size, number of passing membrane times, membrane pressure, volume ratio of oil-water phase and the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in external water phase were investigated by single factor test, the optimum preparation technology of blank PLGA nanlparticles was as following: pore size of SPG membrane was 1 μm, membrane pressure was 1. 15 MPa, the number of passing membrane time was 3, the mass fraction of PVA of 2%, volume ratio of oil-water phase of 1 : 5. Prepared nanoparticles were round with smooth surface, the mean diameter was 332.6 nm, span was 0.010, the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) concluded that fluorescent substance is uniform composizion in PLGA nanoparticle, and the in vivo imaging technology in mice include that the nanoparticles show good liver and spleen targeting property.
Animals ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry

Objective To explore the correlation between placental growth factor (P1GF) expression and sperm quality in seminal plasma, and to evaluate its clinical significance in patients with oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia. Methods A total of 88 patients undergoing seminal fluid detection were enrolled from the Department of Reproductive Medicine Center of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University fromSep. 2014 to Nov. 2014. The patients were divided into three groups according to the test results: ten cases with normal semen (normal group), 68 cases with oligoasthenospermia (oligoasthenospermia group), and ten cases with azoospermia (azoospermia group). Semen samples from five patients with normal semen and 5 patients with oligoasthenospermiawere collected and assayed for cytokine-related proteinmicroarray. The contents of P1GF in seminal plasma were detected by ELISA. The correlations between P1GF concentration and the sperm concentration and activity in seminal plasma and the age of patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The contents of P1GF in seminal plasma in the normal group were significantly higher than that in the oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia groups (P<0. 05). The level of P1GF in seminal plasma was related to the concentration and activity of sperm (r=0.362, 0.253; P<0.05), but not to the age of patients. Conclusion The levll of P1GF in seminal plasma is correlated with the sperm concentration, providing reference for diagnosis and treatment of oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia in clinic.