Objective To improve the quality and santdard of medical French bilingual teaching and promote the learning ability of the students in medical universities. Medthods Analogy between English and French was applied to the intervention of bilingual teaching in the clinical students who were learning medical French. The advantages and disadvantages were analyzed.Results The students could apply their prior English to medical French learning and make progress in both languages. A series problems were found during the practice:arrangement of teaching contents, lack of teaching materials and shortage of teaching staff. Conclusion Analogy between English and French is an effective teaching method in both foreign language teaching and bilingual teaching. But the expected teaching goals can be achieved only by formulating reasonable teaching contents and strategies and mproving teachers’ quality.

Objective:To investigate whether celecoxib(CXB), a specific COX-2 inhibitor,can inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cells through blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signal transduction pathway.Methods: Primarily cultured cells were treated with different concentrations of CXB(0,2.5?10~(-6),5?10~(-6),1?10~(-5),2?10~(-5),3?10~(-5),4?10~(-5),5?10~(-5)mol/L) and the proliferative status was evaluated by BrdU assay.The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the production of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and phosphoMAPK were measured by real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay;and the expression of PCNA,MAPK and phospho-MAPK protein was detected by Western blotting.Results: BrdU assay revealed that CXB inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner;the maximum inhibition rate([63.9?1.2]%) was found when cells were treated with 2?10~(-5) mol/L CXB for 24 h.VEGF secretion by cyst lining epithelial cell was reduced by CXB in a concentration and time-dependent manner.The mRNA and protein levels of PCNA,phospho-MAPK in CXBtreated group were lower than those in control group(with no CXB treatment).Conclusion: CXB can obviously inhibit the proliferation of cyst lining epithelial cell and the secretion of VEGF,which might be through interfering with the phosphorylation of MAPK and partly blocking MAPK signal transduction pathway.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of moxa smoke fumigation in promoting the wounds healing and improving the pain at dressing changes after perianal abscess surgery.Method A hundred eligible patients with perianal abscess were divided into a treatment group and a control group by the random number table, 50 cases in each group. The subjects all received dressing change from nurses of the Anorectal Department. In addition, the treatment group received moxa smoke fumigation at wounds for 30 min and the control group received microwave radiation at wounds for 30 min, both after dressing change, for a total of 14 times. The wounds-healed time, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores on the day 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 after the surgery, and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) scores of the two groups were observed.ResultPatients in the treatment group took significantly shorter time to heal the wounds compared to those in the control group (P<0.05); the VAS score on the first day after the surgery in the treatment group was insignificantly different from that in the control group (P>0.05), while the scores in the treatment group on day 2, 3, 7 and 14 were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); the VRS scores on day 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 in the treatmentgroup were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxa smoke fumigation can promote the healing of the wounds after perianal abscess surgery, reduce the pain brought by dressing change, and this analgesic effect is consistent.

Infiltrated immune cells and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment may play different functions that appear tightly related to clinical outcomes.Radiotherapy mainly kills tumor cells through radiobio-logical effect,meanwhile it can indirectly change tumor immunologic microenvironment,and has a local or dis-tant anti-tumor immunological effect cooperatively.Animal experiments and clinical trials of radiotherapy com-bined with immunotherapy display well applied prospects,but the mode of radiotherapy in combined treatment needs further research.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for reasonably designing package inserts of ointment for manufacturers. METH-ODS:According to items included in Management Regulation for Package Insert and Label and Specification for Chemicals and Bi-ological Products for Treatment,labeled items in package inserts of 51 kinds of ointment for external use during Jan.-Jun. 2016 in our hospital were analyzed. RESULTS:Among the 51 kinds of ointment,39 were domestic varieties and 12 were imported variet-ies. In the package inserts of 39 domestic varieties,items with lower labeling rates were overdose,pharmacokinetics,use guid-ance,pharmacology and toxicology,with labeling rates of 2.6%,5.1%,15.4%,28.2%;while the labeling rates of imported vari-eties were 16.7%,83.3%,75.0%,100%. Compared with package inserts of imported ointment,composition,dosage and usage, adverse reactions,contraindications,precautions,drug interactions,medication for special populations were not enough detailed in domestic ointments. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested that manufacturers consult medicine experts, list all auxiliary materials through Management Regulation for Drug Description and Label,refine and improve the labeling contents of dosage and usage,ad-verse reactions,precautions,medication for special populations,pharmacology and toxicology,overdose,etc. In addition,admin-istrative departments should strengthen the regulatory approval efforts.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of cesarean section operation incision infection ,so as to provide refer‐ence for preventing and controlling cesarean section operation incision infection effectively .Methods A total of 29 cases were se‐lected who hospitalized in our hospital during December 2011 and December 2012 and whose incision of cesarean operation was in‐fected as the observation group .They were retrospectively analyzed .Then another 29 cases were chosen whose incision of cesarean operation was not infected as the control group .The clinical data in two groups were compared and the risk of infected incision were investigated .Results The incision infection occurred in 29 of 589 cases undergoing cesarean section with the infection rate 4 .9% . Univariate analysis showed that ,the maternal BMI in observation group was (25 .9 ± 1 .1)kg /m2 ,uterine scar for 6 cases ,emergency operation for 18 cases ,operation time was(1 .2 ± 0 .6) h ,the hospitalization time was (7 .1 ± 2 .3) d ,6 cases with underlying disease , premature rupture of membranes for 12 cases ,the vagina and anus diagnosis number was(3 .3 ± 0 .6) times ,the comparison with the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed ,BMI (OR =2 .802) ,operation time (OR = 5 .813) ,with basic diseases (OR = 6 .182) ,premature rupture of membranes (OR = 11 .219) were risk factors for cesarean section operation incision infection .Conclusion There are many factors that can influence the surgical incision infections .It is necessary for the high‐risk population to take effective measures to prevent surgical incision infections .

Objective: To evaluate the development, safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PNL) for management of upper urinary tract calculi in pediatric patients.Methods: In the study, 77 pediatric patients undergoing 87 PNLs through mini or standard tract for upper urinary tract calculi between January 2005 and December 2016 in Peking University People''s hospital were reviewed, including 69 renal calculi, 6 upper ureteral calculi, 12 renal and upper ureteral calculi, 35 single calculi, 43 multiple calculi and 9 staghorn calculi.The development and efficacy of PNL in pediatric patients were studied by analyzing the characteristics and clinical indexes, and by reviewing the associated literature.The Clavien classification system was used to evaluate the complications after PNL.Results: A total of 87 PNLs were performed in 77 pediatric patients.Eighty-one upper urinary tract calculi were managed through a single tract(93.1%), 5 pediatric patients were managed through 2 tracts(5.7%), and 1 pe-diatric patient was managed through 3 tracts(1.2%).The mean operating time was (77.0±29.8) min.The stone-free rate after one session was 100% for single calculi and 71.2% for multiple or staghorn calculi, 5(5.8%) children underwent auxiliary procedure to remove the residual calculi and the final stone-free rate of PNL was 88.5%.One of the main complications of pediatric PNL was fever.Sixteen(18.4%) had moderate fever(38-39 ℃), 5(5.7%) had high fever(39-40 ℃) and there were no severe complications of infection, such as sepsis or septic shock.The mean hemoglobin loss was (10.3±16.1) g/L and the serum creatinine rise was (7.0±13.3) μmol/L.One(1.2%) pediatric patient suffered ureteroscopic lithotripsy because of the obstruction by the residual stone in ureter.No injury of organs or retroperitoneal urinary extravasation occurred.General assessment of the complications showed Clavien grade Ⅰ complications in 14 (16.1%) pediatric patients, grade Ⅱ in 7(8.0%) children and grade Ⅲ in 1(1.2%) children.There was no grade Ⅳ or Ⅴ complications.The overall complication rate was 25.3%.Conclusion: PNL for management of upper urinary tract calculi in pediatric patients is effective.Complications after PNL, as assessed with Clavien classification system, are mild and PNL in pediatric patients is safe.

The clinical puncture skills are the elementary technical skills for every medical student.In recent years,reforms have been carried out on teaching method of the training of clinical puncture skills in our hospital and we have achieved satisfactory teaching effect.These reform measures include reforming of operating flow,repeated training from simulative training to clinical practice,educating the medics'consiousness of medical safety and cultivating their competence of communication with patients.

Objective To obtain panorama X-ray images of the lower extremity with a simple method,eliminate the mosai-cing error,and apply this manual stitching technique for digital radiography to the measurement of the force line in total knee arthroplasty.Methods The track of X-ray tube was preset,and Dicom format data were collected by using digital X-ray ima-ging.Then,the data were imported to photoshop CS4 for manual image registration and image fusion.The reliability of the film was tested by comparing the vertical length of the body symbols proj ection in the coronal plane with that on the panorama X-ray (AutoCAD 2010)images.Moreover,the hip-knee-ankle angle was compared before and after operation.Results The matching sample t-test showed there were no significant differences in the length(4 groups of data)between the greater trochanter femur and the fibular head,and between the fibular head and the lateral malleolus between before and after operation(P>0.05 for all) .The hip-knee-ankles angle was much greater after operation than that before operation.Conclusion This manual stitching technique for digital radiography can produce seamless and precise panorama X-ray images,which can be used to reflect the length and angle of the lower extremity before and after operation.

In order to get more nutrition from outside the erythrocyte,new channels were induced by malaria par-asite.These channels play an important role in physiology of the parasitized cell.They are of interest both as potential targets in their own right and as potential drug targeting routes capable of mediating the entry of cytotoxic drugs into the app-ropriate compartment of the infected cell.It is hoped that this new anti-malarial strategy will help to create a sustainable anti-malaria-drug-development portfolio for the treatment of malaria.