Objective To explore the effect of treadmill exercises on disuse osteoporosis and the media effect of OPG-RANKL-RANK system of osteoclast differentiation in the process.Methods Forty six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group,a disuse model group,a normal recovery group and an exercise recovery group,each of 10.The normal control group were sacrificed 4 weeks later without receiving any special treatment.The disuse model group were sacrificed after 4 weeks of tail suspension.The normal recovery group were sacrificed after 4 weeks of tail suspension and keeping quiet for 4 weeks.The exercise recovery group were sacrificed after 4 weeks of tail suspension and another 4 weeks of treadmill exercises.The indicators of bone mineral density (BMD),bone histomorphometry,bone tissue TRACP-5b staining,bone metabolism and cytokines related to the osteoclast differentiation OPG-RANKL-RANK system were tested immediately after the rats were sacrificed.Results The BMD,trabecular bone volume percentage (TBV),trabecular bone width (Tb.Wi),concentration of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the gene expression of bone marrow oculopneumoplethysmograph (OPG) of the disuse model goup were significantly lower than those of the normal control group (P＜0.01),while the trabecular bone spacing (Tb.Sp),average positive staining area percentage (APSAP) of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP)-5b,concentration of serum Ca2+ and TRACP-5b and the gene expression of bone marrow cytokines including RANKL,macrophage colony-stinulating factor (M-CSF),RANK,interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α of the disuse model goup were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (P＜0.01).The BMD,TBV,Tb.Wi,concentration of serum ALP and the gene expression of bone marrow OPG of the exercise recovery group were significantly higher than those of the normal recovery group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The Tb.Sp,APSAP,concentration of serum Ca2+ and TRACP-5b and the gene expression of RANKL,M-CSF,RANK,IL-6 and TNF-α of the exercise recovery group were significantly lower than those of the normal recovery group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion The 4-week tail suspension can lead to disuse osteoporosis in rats.Treadmill exercise can promote the recovery of rats with the disuse osteoporosis.The occurrence of disuse osteoporosis and the effect of exercises on disuse osteoporosis were related with the expressing of OPG-RANKL-RANK system-related cytokines of osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow microenvironment.

Objective To investigate the level of leptin in the serum of GDM mothers and their neonates and the variation of the leptin expression in placenta. Methods The concentrations of serum insulin and leptin in 24 GDM and 26 healthy mothers and neonates were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).The level of leptin mRNA in 50 placentas was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results (1) The serum levels of leptin and insulin in GDM group [(18.62?7.86) ?g/L and (13.47?5.11) mIU/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [(14.21?7.59) ?g/L and (8.98?4.23) mIU/L,P 0.05) in both groups. But the leptin level in umbilical blood of the two group was positively related to the insulin level ( r=0.53,P

Mucins(MUC)are secreted by the epithelial cells of polymer ,the height of glycosylation gly-coprotein,widely existing in the respiratory system ,digestive system,urogenital system in the mucosa epithelium and mucus secretion .The resent studies show that sticks are closely associated with tumor protein family .Among them,the sticky protein 1(CA153)and 16 mucins(CA125)has been confirmed that the abnormal expression in the bile duct carcinoma.However,there is unclear relationship between the development ,invasion,metastasis and prognosis of gallbladder .Based on the retrospective literature at home and abroad in recent years , the research progress on the sticky protein 1 and mucins 16 in the gallbladder is summarized in the present review .

Over-expression of the HGF/SF-c-Met plays an important role in tumor metastasis. It has been demonstrated that activation of its pathway may promote almost every step of tumor metastasis. Recently, blocking its pathway to prevent tumor cell metastasis has become a focus in anti-tumor studies. This review will address the progress in studies on the effects of HGF/SF-c-Met on growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumors and inhibitors of its pathway.

Objective To explore the early manifestation of childhood autism.Methods Fifty-one childhood autism were selected as autistic group,and 40 cases of healthy children were selected as healthy control group.All children were investigated retrospectively about social competence,language development,repetitive motor actions and special interests before 18 month-old by questionnaire.All results were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software.Results Compared with healthy control group,children in autistic group presented a series of abnormal manifestations before 18 month-old,including social competence,language development,repetitive motor actions and special interests(Pa

Objective To investigate the relationship between the leptin level and neonatal weight and the expression of leptin in placenta. Methods The concentrations of leptin in 100 maternal blood and umbilical blood of the term pregnant women were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). According to the neonatal weight to divide into the large for gestational age (LGA) group 19 cases, the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group 65 cases, the small for gestational age (SGA) 16 cases. The level of leptin mRNA in 41 placental tissue was examined by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results (1) The expression level of leptin mRNA in placenta was 0 97?0 04, which was positively related to the neonatal weight significantly ( r =0 43, P 0 05).(3)The concentration of leptin in umbilical blood was (7 58? 5 15) ?g/L, which was positively related to the neonatal weight ( r =0 57, P

Adult ; Bronchi ; pathology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Trachea ; pathology

Xinjiang Medical University has opened 'Medicine Introductory remarks' in 2003the curriculum, undergoes 7 year curriculum construction and the teaching practice, this curriculum has become the medico early time contact clinical important initiation curriculum, this investigation is for the purpose of thorough understanding this curriculum the implementation effect and the existence question, for the next step improvement curriculum structure, the revision curriculum program, the reform inspection way provides the theory basis and the ponder direction.

Objective To study the prenatal diagnosis and clinical significance of fetal hyperechogenic kidneys.Methods Thirty one cases with fetal hyperechogenic kidneys were prenatally diagnosed with ultrasound.Autopsy was conducted and histological examination of the kidney was performed when pregnancy was terminated.A close follow-up was given for cases continuing pregnancy.Umbilical cord blood was collected for fetal chromosome analysis after delivery.Results(1)6 fetuses were complicated with other organ abnormalities,3 fetuses had abnormal chromosome,and 2 cases had a family history.(2) 12 cases chose to terminate pregnancy,10 of whom were oligohydromnios.Causes for fetal hyperechogenic kidneys were infantile polycystic kidney disease(IPKD,10 cases),adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD,1 case),polycystic kidney dysplasia(PKD,1 case)after postmortem histological examination. (3)Nineteen cases continued pregnancy,2 neonates with oligohydramnios died during neonatal period,both of them were IPKD;3 cases that were IPKD,IPKD and KPD respectively died 3 months,8 months and 1 year after birth,respectively;one case presented with hypertension symptom 26 months after birth,which was diagnosed as IPKD.The other 13 cases had no clinical manifestation and a close following-up is being undertaken for them at present.Conclusions(1)Fetal hyperechogenic kidneys could be caused by IPKD, APKD,or PKD,and are sometimes a normal variant.(2)Aminotic fluid volume is a key factor for prognosis;a suggestion for termination would be given to cases with fetal hyperechogenic kidneys and oligohydromnios.(3)For cases with fetal hyperechogenic kidneys,a complete and careful ultrasonography should be given to both parents and fetus,and fetal chromosomal analysis is suggested prenatally.

Objective To study the optimal radiographic conditions for patients with knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the feasibility of clinical application.Methods According to the different exposure modes,including automatic exposure control (AEC) or manual exposure mode (FIXED),the human body specimen was exposed at a certain kV and different mA or mAs.The entrance surface dose (ESD) and dose exposure index(DEI) were recorded,and the subjective image quality was assessed.The test group with optimum parameters obtained with statistical analysis were compared with control group in radiation dose and subjective evaluation.Results In AEC group,ESD and kV showed a negative correlation (r =-0.973,P ＜ 0.05).At the same mA,DEI was firstly decreased and then increased with kV increasing.The subjective image quality score was (1.96 ± 0.56).DEI and physician ratings showed negative correlation (r =-0.840,P ＜ 0.05).In FIXED group,ESD increased with the increasing mAs (r=0.845,P＜0.05).DEI and kV,mAs indicated a positive correlation(r=0.845,P＜0.05).The subjective image quality scores was(4.33 ±0.79) without correlation with DEI.Compared with the control group,the subjective image quality scores of test group increased,and the radiation dose decreased significantly.Conclusion It is optimal using manual exposure mode with 80 kV/l.25-1 mAs,75 kV/2-1 mAs,70 kV/2.5-1.25 mAs,65 kV/3.2-1.6 mAs and 60 kV/3.2-2 mAs for patients with TKA.