OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater for nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis mice model, and explore the possible mechanism of nasal irrigation with seawater in treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: We used Der pl to make allergic rhinitis model of BALB/c mice, and divided them into three groups randomly. Nasal irrigation with hypertonic seawater (HS) or isotonic seawater (IS) in the treatment group 1-14 days after modeling, and black control (BC) group was given no treatment after modeling. Normal control (NC) group was given no treatment, the number of rubs and sneezings in each group were counted in 30 min after the last nasal irrigation. Mice were then killed 24 h after the last therapy. The noses of mice from each group were removed and fixed, then the slices were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the others were observed by transmission electron microscope. RESULT: Mice with hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater were significantly improved in rubs and sneezings compared to the black control group (P<0. 05); The number of eosinophiles in mucosal tissues of HS group and IS group had no significant difference with that of the black control group (P> 0. 05); Ciliated columnar epithelium cells in mucosal tissues of HS group and IS group were arranged trimly, better than that in the black control group. Morphology and microstructure in nasal mucosal of HS group was closer to the normal group than in IS group. CONCLUSION The injury of nasal mucosa ciliated epithelium was significantly improved by nasal irrigation with hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater, and the former is better than the latter, the mechanism of nasal irrigation with seawater in treatment of allergic rhinitis may rely on repairing the injured nasal mucosa ciliated epithelium, thereby the symptoms of nasal was reduced.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nasal Lavage ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nose ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Seawater

Functional targets are the objects that Chinese herbal medicines act directly upon. If the relationships between the properties of Chinese herbs and their functional targets were analyzed clearly, it would benefit the overall understanding of the holistic mechanisms of Chinese herbal treatments. In this paper, data regarding the properties of Chinese herbs and their functional targets were collected from the 2005 edition of The People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia. After analyzing and assessing the data, the relationships were defined between the four qi, meridian entry and medicinal functional targets and between the four qi, five flavors and mode of function. Then the relationships between a single herbal medicine and a prescription were analyzed, and the results conformed with the traditional knowledge of Chinese herbal nature and efficacy. This demonstrated that the holistic mechanisms of the properties of Chinese herbs adhere to the findings, which may be beneficial for the development and compatibility of Chinese herbal medicines.

Medical Higher Mathematics,an important fundamental course,is important to improve the students' ability of innovation.According to the characteristics of the students at medical school,and considering the content abstract and the problems difficult to learn and understand,a new teaching model which can focus on absorbing some contents of Pharmacokinetics into Medical Higher Mathematics is dis cussed.At the same time the article discusses how to combine the both courses in three aspects:professional features,the background of the student's knowledge,and teaching method.

Functional analysis concisely summarizes and concentrates on the therapeutic characteristics and features of Chinese herbal medicine. Standardization of the terms for Chinese herbal functions not only plays a key role in modern research and development of Chinese herbal medicine, but also has far-reaching clinical applications. In this paper, a new method for standardizing the terms for Chinese herbal function was proposed. Firstly, functional targets were collected. Secondly, the pathological conditions and the mode of action of every functional target were determined by analyzing the references. Thirdly, the relationships between the pathological condition and the mode of action were determined based on Chinese medicine theory and data. This three-step approach allows for standardization of the terms for Chinese herbal functions. Promoting the standardization of Chinese medicine terms will benefit the overall clinical application of Chinese herbal medicine.

Objective To explore the probable mechanism of tinnitus and the accompanied symptoms us-ing RS-FMRI. Methods We recruited 10 adults with chronic tinnitus and 10 health adults for fMRI in the resting state. Then we compared the differences of regional homogeneity(REHO)maps and functional connectivity to the whole-brain maps with the auditory cortex as a region of interest between the two groups. Results The REHO maps of tinnitus group showed significant differences in the automated anatomical labeling brain map including the middle frontal_gyrus (right),superior frontal_gyrus (left),entorhinal cortex_(right),middle occipital_gyrus (right),middle occipital gyrus(bilateral),lingual gyrus(left)and cuneate lobe(left). The functional connectivity maps of tinnitus group showed significant differences in lingal_gyrus(left)of AAL brain regions. The p threshold value was<0.001 in all results. Conclusion Tinnitus may cause abnormal neural activity in several non-auditory brain regions,which may be the neurophysiological mechanism of tinnitus accompanied symptoms.

Objective To assess the clinical performance of plasma exchange (PE) followed by chemotherapy treatment for multiple-myeloma patients with high-viscosity syndrome and renal dysfunction.Methods 20 cases of multiple-myeloma patients with high viscous syndrome and various levels of renal dysfunction,were randomly divided into PE-chemotherapy group (the experiment groups) and chemotherapy-only group (the control group).In the experiment groups,the patients received PE via blood cell separators for 3 times (2 600±580 mLeach time,1 day interval) followed by VAD regimens chemotherapy (0.5 mg vincristine continuous intravenous drip for 12 h,adriamycin 10 mg continuous intravenous drip for 12 h and dexamethasone 40 mg qd1-4).In the control group,patients received standard VAD regimen.After 2 cycles of chemotherapy,globulin (GLB),blood sedimentation (ESR) and hemorheology properties were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results The symptoms of high viscosity syndrome(gingivial blood/nosebleed,dizziness and extremities numbness)in the treatment group were significantly improved compared with that in the control group (P＜ 0.05).Before and after therapy,the GLB (g/L) were 80.0± 19.6 vs 30.0±10.5 in the treatment group and 85.5±21.5 vs 53.5± 16.0 in the control group (P＜0.05),respectively;the Cr (μmol/L) were 359.0±30.5 vs 105.0±25.0 and 362.0±39.6 vs 190.0±43.0,respectively(P＜0.05);the ESR (mm/h) were 80.0±22.5 vs 12±0.6 and 83.0±23.6 vs 30.0+3.6 (P＜0.05),respectively;the whole blood high shear reductive viscosity were 16.2±2.1 vs 8.5±0.6 and 15.8±2.0 vs 12.8±0.8 (P＜0.05),respectively;the whole blood middle shear reductive viscosity were 19.0±0.5 vs 10.8±0.6 and 20.0±0.6 vs 15.2±0.8 (P＜0.05),respectively;the whole blood low shear reductive viscosity were 50.3±2.9 vs 28.1±1.2 and 52.7±3.5 vs 40.2±3.5(P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusion Plasma exchange treatment combined with sequential chemotherapy presents better clinical performances compared to the chemotherapy-only solution for multiple-myeloma patients with high viscosity syndrome and renal dysfunction.

To fully understand the characteristics of international students and importance, practicality and usefulness of internal medicine, many targeted measures were taken, including im-proving language level of teachers and students, applying case-based learning method and evidence-based medicine and strengthening the cultivation of humanistic spirit and professional ethics. Quality of internal medicine for international students was improved , which provided new ideas for clinical teaching reform.