Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of Ligustrazine ( LIG ) on the Airway smooth muscle( ASM) of isolated guinea pigs. Methods The normal guinea pig bronchus were made into tra-chea spiral,and randomly divided into LIG group, LIG+Propranolol group, LIG+Atropine, LIG+Nifedipine group,LIG+Glibenclamide group and the control group. The effect of different concentrations of LIG on the ASM was respectively observed in the resting tension and the high tension caused by histamine,and the ASM re-laxation rate were compared between each groups. Results (1)It had diastolic function for LIG on the isolated guinea pigs ASM in the resting tension and the high tension caused by histamine. (2)In the resting tension,com-pared with the group LIG,the diastolic function was antagonism by the concentration of LIG 10-7 ~10-6. 5 mol/L in the group LIG+Propranolo (P<0. 05). The diastolic function had no significant difference by the concentra-tion of LIG 10 -7.5 ~10 -3 mol/L in the group LIG+atropine and LIG+Glibenclamide(P>0. 05). The diastolic function was improved remarkably by the concentration of LIG 10 -6 ~10 -4 mol/L,in the group LIG+Nifedip-ine (P<0. 05). (3)In the high tension caused by histamine,compared with the group LIG,the diastolic function was antagonism obviously by the concentration of LIG 10 -6. 5 ~ 10 -5 mol/L in group LIG+Propranolol ( P<0. 05);The diastolic function had no significant difference by the concentration of LIG 10 -8 ~10 -3 mol/L in group LIG+atropine,and LIG+Glibenclamide (P>0. 05);The diastolic function was improved remarkably by the concentration of LIG 10 -6.5 ~10 -5 mol/L in group LIG+Nifedipine (P<0. 05). Conclusion It has dias-tolic function for LIG on the isolated guinea pigs ASM in the resting tension and the high tension caused by his-tamine. The effect and mechanism may be related with the competitive exciting beta 2 receptor and the inhibitor of Ca2+ internal flow. It provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of LIG in treating asthma.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of serum amyloid protein(SAA),C-reactive protein (CPR)and SAA/CRP ratio in early diagnosis of influenza A in children. Method SAA,CRP,SAA/CRP ratio and serum white blood cell(WBC)count were measured in 417 children. One hundred and thirty-nine children were diagnosed with Influenza A and were enrolled in the influenza A group ,and the other 278 healthy children were enrolled in the control group from April 2016 to June 2016. The values of the screened biomarkers for diagno-sis of influenza A were assessed by ROC curve analysis. Results Levels of SAA,CRP and SAA/CRP ratio in the influenza A group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.001,respectively). The areas un-der the ROC curve of SAA and SAA/CRP ratio for the diagnosis of influenza A were higher than 0.7(P<0.001). The optimal cut-off values of SAA and SAA/CRP ratio for the diagnosis of Influenza A were 10.500 mg/L and 6.165,respectively. The corresponding sensitivities of the optimal cut-off values for the diagnosis of influenza A were 85.5% and 55.4%,respectively,and the corresponding specificities were 96.8% and 91.4%,respectively. Conclusion Measurement of SAA and SAA/CRP ratio are valuable biomarkers for clinical in early diagnosis of in-fluenza A and SAA has a better diagnostic performance than CRP.

Objective To observe the effect of Montelukast (MTL)on the airway smooth muscle(ASM)iso-lated from asthmatic guinea pigs.Methods The bronchus of asthmatic guinea pigs were made into trachea spiral. These bronchus were divided into 6 groups:MTL group,MTL +Nifedipine group,MTL +Glibenclamide,MTL +Prop-ranolol group,MTL +Atropine group and control group.The effect of different concentrations of MTL on the ASMin the resting tension was observed and the ASMrelaxation pigs were compared among the groups.Results MTL in 1 0 -7.5 -1 0 -3.0 mol/L had diastolic effect on the asthmatic guinea pigs ASM[(0.31 ±0.1 2)% -(99.61 ±0.40)%],and compared with the control group,there were significant differences[0 -(1 2.77 ±0.33)%,all P <0.05].In the resting tension of asthmatic guinea pig ASM[(1 1 .48 ±1 .63)% -(94.03 ±1 .87)%],the diastolic function was remarkably improved at 1 0 -6.0 -1 0 -3.5 mol/L of MTL in MTL +Nifedipine group,and the differences among the groups had statis-tical significance (all P <0.05).The diastolic function was antagonism at 1 0 -7.5 -1 0 -6.5 mol/L of MTL in MTL +Pro-pranolol group [(0.1 6 ±0.07)% -(2.73 ±0.84)%]and the differences among the groups had statistical signifi-cance (all P <0.05).The diastolic function had no significant difference between 1 0 -8.0 -1 0 -3.0 mol/L of MTL in MTL +Atropine group and MTL +Glibenclamide group (all P >0.05).Conclusions It has diastolic function for MTL on the isolated asthmatic guinea pigs ASMin the resting tension.The effect may be related with inhibitor of Ca2 + inter-nal flow and the competitive exciting β2 receptor.

Objective　To quantify the characteristics of the auditory brainstem responses(ABR) in the normal newborns, in order to provide a data for newborn hearing screening. Methods　The ABR to click stimuli was investigated in a group of eighty normal newborns aged from 3 to 8 days and compared to those observed from the normal hearing youths. Results　Wave, Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ were identifiable in all of 160 ears at 130 dB pe-SPL. The threshold of wave Ⅴ to click stimuli was 61.94±6.87 dB peSPL, significantly higher than that in adults. Both latencies for wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ and interwaves latencies Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅲ-Ⅴ and Ⅰ-Ⅴ were significantly tonger than those for the adults under identical test conditions. The ratio of interwaves latency Ⅲ-Ⅴ to Ⅰ-Ⅲ for normal newborn was 0.71±0.12, statisitically smaller than that in adults. Conclusion　Click level 70 dB peSPL appeared to be a feasible criterion of threshold of ABR for newborn hearing screening. There were no significant effects of sex and ear in newborn hearing screening. The auditory system of the newborns was not equally mature. The neurological system is the primary source of differences between newborns and adults.

Objective To research the cause of loosening of the prosthesis in advanced complication and after total hip joint replacement the technology in revision hip arthroplasty. Methods Using bone cement artifical prosthesis,16 patients were performed revision because the pain or the function failure in hip joint after total hip arthroplasty.Results ⑴Interfacial membranes were found around prosthesis in revision hip arthoplasty. ⑵Patients were followed up for an average 2.6 years.Conclusions ⑴Loosening of the prosthesis of late complication after total hip arthroplasty may relate to interfacial membranes. ⑵Throughout debriding and reconstrucling proper bone bed are key process in revision hip arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Threatened abortion is a high risk pathological change during gestation. Fetus usually could be protected after the application of all kinds of medical interventions; however, whether the healthy development of the newborn could be assured simultaneously when a new life is protected?Especially the long-term impact on the normal development of the intelligence is an important issue deserving investigation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences of intelligence level between protected fetus after threatened abortion and normal mature fetus, and the influencing factors.DESIGN: A case-controlled observational comparative study introducing children as the subjects.SETTINGS: Psychological department of a normal university; Department of gynecology and pediatrics of a district women and children' s health care hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 170 children(mature and natural delivery after protection) of 5 to 7 years old, whose mothers experienced threatened abortions during gestation, and 182 children born in the same period(normal mature and natural delivery) of 5 to 7 years old, whose mothers did not have threatened abortion history were selected as the subjects. No other factors would affect the intellectual development in the subjects of both groups.INTERVENTIONS: The Chinese Version of Wechsler young children scale of intelligence(C-WYCSI) for children below 6 years old or Wechsler intelligence scale for children-Chinese revision( WISC-CR ) for children no younger than 6 years old were introduced in the individual test performed by trained psychological junior students for every testee.children in both groups [intelligence quotient(IQ) gained in the intelligence of mother on the intellectual development of the children in both groups.was found in the testees, the IQ of all tested children was within the normal dren was sinificantly lower in the threatened abortion group than in the normal were significant interactions between threatened abortion and gender, body mass at birth and the pregnant age of mother, etc.: if the mother experienced threatened abortion, the newborn would be even more easily to suffer from relative low body mass at birth(low body mass fetus accounted for 28% of threatened abortion group, which accounted for about 66% of the total low body mass at birth fetuses in our study); the male newborn would be even more easily to have relative low intellectual development(the difference of IQ between the male children of two groups was significant) (F = 2. 809, P < 0.05). Especially, the negative impact on children' s intellectual development would be even greater if the pregnant woman were older than 35 years old and had threatened abortion experience(the average IQ of 32 tested children was 86).CONCLUSION: Threatened abortion might be a potential innate factor that would affect the intellectual development of the children. For those high-risk individual cases with this kind of experience, early intervention should be prepared as early as possible to create a favorable substantial and culture environment for avoiding the actual occurrence of delayed intelligence.

Objective To observe whether endomorphin-2-immunoreactive(EM2-ir) neurons in the trigeminal ganglion(TG) project to the medullary dorsal horn(MDH) in the rat. Methods Fluoro-gold(FG) retrograde tracing and immunofluorescent histochemical staining for EM2 were applied. Results After FG was injected into the MDH,many FG labeled neurons with small,medium and large diameters were observed in the TG.There were also aboundant EM2-ir neurons with different diameters in the TG.The majority of FG labeled neurons in the TG showed EM2-immunoreactivities.Almost all of the EM2/FG double-labeled neurons were medium and small in size.Conclusion EM2-ir neurons in the TG project to the MDH in the rat.

Objective:To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor (TGF- β) signal in muscle fiber itself during inflammation/immunity response on intramuscular inflammation. Methods:Sixteen wild C57BL/6 mice (wild group) and sixteen mice with skeletal muscle-specific deficiency of T βRⅡ (knock-out group) between 4-8 weeks of age were selected for this study. Acute muscle injury in mice was induced by injection of myotoxin cardiotoxin (CTX) into gastrocnemius. The differences in intramuscular inflammation were compared between the wild and knock-out groups on 0, 4, 7 and 10 d after CTX injection by observing exudation of mononuclear phagocytes, macrophages, M1 type macrophages, CD4 +T cells and helpers T cells (Th1, 2&17). Two newborn C57BL/6 wild mice and 2 SM TGF- βr2-/- knock-out mice were selected to culture primary myoblasts in vitro which were divided into 2 groups: an interferon group subjected to interferon simulation and a control group subjected to addition of an equal amount of solvent. The differences in expression of IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, H-2K b, H2-Ea, Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and TLR7 were compared between the interferon and control groups, as well as between the wild and knock-out groups. Results:On 4&7 d after CTX injection, the ratios of mononuclear/macrophage (75.73%±3.62%, 45.27%± 2.32%), macrophages (38.67%±2.76%, 24.87%±2.19%), M1 macrophages (43.21%±0.11%, 30.43%±2.19%), CD4 +T cells (20.13%±1.62%, 5.67%±0.32%) in the muscle tissue from the knock-out mice were significantly higher than those from the wild mice (58.52%±2.43%, 29.21%±2.45%; 20.63%±2.32%, 16.23%±1.25%; 24.98%±0.35%, 14.23%±1.69%; 10.70%±0.43%, 2.50%±0.45%), with a majority of Th1&Th17 ( P<0.05). In vitro results showed that the levels of IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1α, H-2K b, H2-Ea and TLR3 were significantly upregulated in the interferon group compared with the control group and that such upregulation in the nock-out mice was more significant than in the wild mice ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Endogenous TGF- β signal activation plays a role in the functional recovery after muscle trauma, because it is involved in the regulation of immune behavior of muscle fibers, thus affecting intramuscular inflammation and muscle regeneration.

Objective To evaluate the performance of surgical approaches in the treatment of linear scleroderma of the head and face. Methods Forty-three patients with stable linear scleroderma of the head and face were included in this study. Surgical approaches, which included direct suture,skin flap translocation, soft-tissue augmentation and filling operation with dermal tissues, were selected and utilized alone or in combination according to the size, location and degree of atrophy and depression of lesions. Results After surgical treatment, wound dehiscence developed in one of these patients, but the wound healed after two sessions of suture. During one year of follow up, all the patients achieved favorite color, feeling and blood supply in the filling areas as well as good facial profile and visual appearance with no obvious convexity and concavity. Skin flaps matched well with surrounding tissues, incision lines were inconspicuous, and hairline looked naturally with well-distributed hairs in these patients after treatment. Patients were satisfied with treatment results. Conclusion Satisfied cosmetic outcomes can be achieved by using surgical approaches in patients with stable linear scleroderma of the head and face.

Objective To estimate the concentrations of trace element contents in plasma and serum of cases with major depression.Methods The search for all the related literatures in CBMDisc,CNKI,VIP,ScienceDirect,Medline and so on has been made.Selection criteria:examination of plasma and serum trace elements in patients with major depression and control group.Data collection and analysis:a quantitative meta-analysis was carried out by two reviewers using information based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from all papers available.Results 24 studies met inclusion criteria,all with scores of 4 or more.Zn concentration in plasma and serum of patients with major depression significantly decreased compared with that in healthy people by 2.35 mol/L,95％ CI (-2.94,-1.75) (P＜0.01).The concentration of Cu and Fe had no significant difference between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion There were abnormal trace elements in the patients with major depression,Zn decreased,Cu and Fe mainly appeared as an unbalanced state.It is necessary to carry out more extensive research and in-depth exploration.