Objective To observe the characteristic injuries on motor-cyclists for the forensic indentifi-cation in cases of traffic accident. Methods Investigate retrospectively the injuries of motor-cyclists and passengers in 408 traffic accident cases occurred during 2000 to 2002 in Beijing area. Results There were characteristic injuries at motor-cyclist's abdomen, perineum, inner side of thighs, chest, face, neck, front of tibia. They reflect contours of certain components of motor-cycle, but the injuries of passengers can not reflect the components of motor-cycle. Conclusion The characteristic injuries caused by certain components of motor-cycle might be useful for differential diagnosis the motor-cyclists and the passengers in cases of traffic accident.

Purpose To study the clinicopathologic feature, classification, benign or malignant histological features and differential diagnosis of extra-adrenal paraganglioma.Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 21 cases of extra-adrenal (sympathetic and parasympathetic) paraganglioma. Histological, immunohistochemical findings, and follow-up data were reported with review of the relative literatures.Results There were 10 male and 11 female patients aged from 9 to 81 years (mean 46.5 years).Ten tumors occurred in the retroperitoneum, seven in the neck, and one case in the mediastinum, urinary bladder, spermatic cord and kidney, respectively.There were 3 cases of functional and 18 cases of non-functional paragangliomas.Histologically, the tumor was composed of chief cells and sustentacular cells. The chief cells were arranged in nests, alveolAR~-like and stereo-like structures.They were surrounded by sustentacular cells partly or completely.There was one malignant case, in which tumor cells had significant cell atypia and nuclear mitosis, and focal or diffuse necrosis, regional lymph node metastasis and blood vessel involvement were also observed.Immunohistochemical investigations revealed chief cells were intensely positive for neuroendocrine markers such as NSE, CgA, Syn and NF, but negative for CK, EMA and SMA.Sustentacular cells were positive for S-100 protein.The malignant cells were only positive for NSE and weakly positive for CgA.Eighteen cases were followed up.One patient developed to multi-organ metastasis and died.One patient was diagnosed as benign extra-adrenal paraganglioma that recurred and involved adjacent organs after 3 years.Conclusions It is generally considered that malignant potential, local invasiveness and distant metastasis are not correlated with the histological appearances of the extra-adrenal paraganglioma.So,further follow-up will be needed. It is necessary to emphasize the differential diagnoses of extra-adrenal paraganglioma from other pleiomorphic tumors.

Objective To study the effects of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) selective inhibitor celecoxib on proliferation and apoptosis of human endometrial adenocarcinoma HEC-1B cell line. Methods Methabenzthiazuron(MTT) assay was used to examine the effects of different concentrations of celecoxib on proliferation of HEC-1B cells.When HEC-1B cells were treated with different concentrations of celecoxib for 24 h,cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.The expression of COX-2 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR. Results MTT results indicated that celecoxib could inhibit HEC-1B cell proliferation in a time-and dose-dependent manner.When HEC-1B cells were treated with different concentrations of celecoxib for 24 h,flow cytometry results showed that the cell percent of(G_(0)/G_(1)) phase increased,S and G_(2)/M phase decreased,and cell apoptosis rate also increased,which was significantly different from that of the control group(P

Objective To study the effects of mild hypothermia on nervous cell apoptosis and activity of Caspase - 3 after hypoxia -ischemia brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats. Methods Seven - day SD rats were divided into sham operation group,normothermia HIBD group (HIBD group) and mild hypothermia HIBD group(mild hypothermia group). In HIBD group,the left carotid of rats was ligated and animals were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h.and in mild hypothermia group,hypothermia of 31 - 32 1C lasting 8 hours was used just after HIBD. L sing methods of TUNEL and AC - DEVI) - AMC, the apoptotic cell rate and Caspase - 3 activity level were determined in sham operated group, HIBD group and mild hypothermia group separatively. Results The apoptotic cell rate and Caspase - 3 activity level were significantly lower in sham - operated group and mild hypothermia group than those in HIBD group. Conclusion One of the mechanisms of brain protection by mild hypothermia may be contributed to the decrease of neural cell apoptosis and the activity level of Caspase 3 HIBD.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in children with acute leukemia.Methods Ninety-six acute leukemia children complicated with IFI admitted in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center during January 2005 and February 2017 were retrospectively reviewed, and 96 cases of acute leukemia without IFI admitted at the same period were randomly selected as control group.The clinical manifestations of IFI were analyzed, multivariate Logistic regression was used to study risk factors of the complication of IFI in pediatric acute leukemia.Results Among 96 children complicated with IFI, fungus were detected in samples from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or blood in 78 cases, in which 42 cases (43.75％) were oral infection, 36 cases (37.50％) were pulmonary infection.Candida albicans (33.33％, 26/78) was the most commonly isolated pathogen, followed by Candida parapsilosis (20.51％, 16/78) and Candida tropicalis (20.51％, 16/78).Univariate analysis revealed hormone-containing chemotherapy, neutropenia (＜ 0.5 × 109/L), time duration of neutropenia ≥ 10 days, usage of carbapenem antibiotics and combined drug administration ≥2 types were associated with fungal infection (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the time duration of neutropenia ≥ 10 days (OR =11.390, 95％ CI 4.145-55.263, P ＜ 0.01),usage of carbapenem antibiotics (OR =4.825, 95％ CI 1.681-13.842, P ＜ 0.01) and hormone-containing chemotherapy (OR =2.220, 95％ CI 1.542-8.246, P ＜ 0.05) were the independent risk factors of IFI.Conclusion Rational usage of antibiotics and effective measures taken to restore the granulocytes can help to reduce the incidence of IFI in children with acute leukemia.

Objective To Study wheather the endogenous arginine vasopressin(AVP)is involved in the effect of oxotremorine(a muscarinic receptor agonist)-induced hypothermic response.Methods Core temperature and motor activity were monitored in undisturbed rats using radiotelemetry.Effect of AVP V1 antagonist on oxotremorine(OXO)-induced changes in body temperature and motor activity were observed in the rats.Results Administration of OXO led to a marked hypothermia.Core temperature recovered to basal levels at 4 hours after OXO administration.AVP V1 antagonist blocked markedly the hypothermia effect of OXO.Conclusion The AVP V1-receptor antagonist block the hypothermic effect of OXO,which suggests that OXO-induced hypothermia is mediated by AVP releasing.

Objective To study the application of census method in estimating the size of population of commercial sex workers(CSW),and estimatie the size of population in CSW in a city.Methods Drawing the map of the place which applied sex service,collect the number of CSW which the manager of place report.Sample 20% place of total,check the amount of all CSW,then adjust the sum of managers reported according the number of investigator checked and the number of manager reported to estimating the size of population in CSW in the city.Results The result of census in estimating the CSW in the city was 18 702.Conclusions It is simple and direct to estimate the size of population in CSW by applying the census method.The result is reliable,but the method need the investigators know very well the palce applied sex service in the area.

Objective To study the application of Capture-Recapture method in estimating the size of population of injecting drug users (IDUs), and estimate the size of population in IDUs in a city using the data of detoxification center. Methods Capture-Recapture method was applied to estimating the size of population in IDUs in the city based on the data of detoxification center. Results The result of Capture-Recapture in estimating the IDUs in the city was 13 017. Conclusions It is economic and feasible to estimate the size of population in IDUs by applying the Capture-Recapture method. The result is reliable and the method is suitable in districts where health resources are limited.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rhBMP-2/collagen composite on bone regeneration during expansion of the interparietal suture in the rats. METHODS: 32 10-week old SD rats were divided into groups consisting of 8 rats each. They were comprised of normal control group, expansion control group and the treatment group, the two treatment groups were covered with atelo-typeⅠcollagen and rhBMP-2/collagen composite on the suture before subjected to the expansion force. The bone regeneration in the interparietal suture was estimated by histological method, the osteocalcin content was measured by radioimmonoassay and the calcium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS: The bone regeneration was more active in the suture after giving an expanding force than in the suture without any intervention. Even bone bridge was formed in the rhBMP-2/collagen composite group. Both the osteocalcin content and calcium content were much higher in the rhBMP-2/collagen composite group than in other three groups (P

BACKGROUND:On the basis of thorough debridement, homochronous anterior or staging posterior fixation has been a standard scheme for spinal tuberculosis. Numerous studies confirmed that above approach has obtained good effects, but the anterior approach has some disadvantages, such as complex anatomic structure, great trauma, relatively more complications, and difficult operation and fixator implantation. OBJECTIVE:To observe spinal stabilization and deformity correction in patients with single-segment thoracic/lumbar spinal tuberculosis after posterior debridement and interbody fusion. METHODS:Clinical data of 36 patients with single-segment thoracic/lumbar spinal tuberculosis undergoing one-stage posterior debridement and interbody fusion in the Guangxi Yulin Orthopedics Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2008 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 cases in single T11/12 segment, 4 in T12/L1 segments, 6 in L3/4 segments, 22 in L4/5segments and 2 in L5/S1 segments. Of them, 24 patients suffered from different degrees of spinal nerve injury. At 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery, al patients were folowed up. Bone graft fusion, kyphosis correction, functional recovery of the spinal cord and complications were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were folowed up for 24-38 months. Cobb angle of kyphosis and spinal stenosis rate were significantly improved at 2 years after treatment (P < 0.05). The lumbar back pain symptoms were significantly improved in final folow-up (P < 0.05), with an intervertebral fusion rate of 100%. No lesion residue and recurrence, correction loss, fixation loosening or displacement was found. These results demonstrated that in patients with single-segment thoracic/lumbar spinal tuberculosis, posterior debridement and interbody fusion can effectively reconstruct spinal stabilization, correct deformity, and promote the functional recovery of spinal nerves.