Defibrillator is the most important therapeutic for ventricular fibrillation.The preconditions for successful defibrillation include short defibrillated time,adoption of biphasic wave,appropriate electrode placement and shocked energy,as well as reasonable chest wall impedance.The defibrillation opportunity is the critical one of all factors for defibrillation.

To appraise the preventive and improvable effects of different movements on OA joints,animal models by fixing the left posterior knee joint in extention using plaster cast for 8 weeks in Newzealand rabbits were carried out. The rabbits were randomly divided into different groups, and the X-RAY、range of motion and ligament biomechanical features of the joint were observed.The results showed that proper movement improved the range of motion, restored tensile strength of the ligament around the OA joint.It is evident that movement improves the function of the OA joint and delays the OA exacerbation.The combination of active and passive movement is the best way to achieve good result.

Objective:To evaluate combining fistula risk score(FRS) with drain fluid amylase on postoperative day 1(DFA1) in predicting clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula(CR-POPF) following pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).Methods:The clinical data of 430 patients who underwent PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Amy Medical University from Jan 2013 to Oct 2015 was retrospectively analyzed, receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve) was used to test whether the FRS predicts the CR-POPF, and DFA1 was employed to predict the CR-POPF in the moderate/high subgroup patients(FRS 3-10).Results:Fifty six patients(13.0%) had CR-POPF, the ROC curve for FRS predicting CR-POPF was formed with area under curve 0.894(95% CI: 0.861-0.921, P<0.001), the results from univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FRS was independent risk factor associated with CR-POPF ( OR=2.933, 95% CI: 2.230-3.856, P<0.001). After dividing 430 patients into 2 groups by FRS category, there was no CR-POPF in negligible/low subgroup patients(FRS 0-2), and FRS>2 predicted CR-POPF with negative predictive value 100%; in moderate/high subgroup patients(FRS 3-10), ROC curve worked out DFA1>653.9 U/L predicting CR-POPF well with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 87.5%, 63.8%, 39.2%, 95.0%, respectively. Conclusion:For patients with FRS≤2, and FRS≥3 accompanying DFA1≤650 U/L, early removal of intra-abdominal drains after PD is safe.

OBJECTIVE: The interrelationship between various growth factors and chondrocytic regeneration has drawn the attentions of scholars and the study on growth factors and repair of articular cartilage defects has been carried on to summarize the latest progression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in articular cartilage repair so as to provide theoretical evidence for its application in cartilage histoengineering.DATA SOURCES: The relevant papers about studies on mechanism and types of articular cartilage injury, TGF-β and interrelationship between TGF-β and articular cartilage repair were looked up on http:∥www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/PubMed from January 1995 to December 2004. The retrieval words were "TGF-β, articular cartilage" limited only in English version.The relevant papers about studies on TGF-β and articular cartilage repair were also looked up on http:∥www.zglckf. com and linked database from January 1999 to December 2004, with the retrieval words of "TGF-β, articular cartilage" limited only in English version.STUDY SELECTION: During the initial evaluation of data and after looking up the quotation of each paper, the inclusive criteria were determined as follows: the paper should be relevant with TGF-β repair of articular cartilage injury; and the exclusive criteria: repeated research and Meta analysis papers. The papers that had not been excluded applied randomized design, control and blind comparison.DATA EXTRACTION: Altogether 95 papers were collected on TGF-βand TGF-β repair of articular cartilage injury, of which, 15 papers were in conformity of inclusive criteria, 56 papers were excluded due to dated research and 24 papers were due to repeated research. Of 15 papers, 3 papers were on the mechanism and types of articular cartilage injury, 6 papers were on biological function of TGF-β and 6 papers were on TGF-βand TGF-β repair of articular cartilage injury.pact, cut, torsion and friction, which is beyond the physiological endurance of articular cartilage. Articular cartilage defects are divided into defects of partial thickness and entire layer of cartilage. The auto-repair growth factor with various functions, which is produced by either autocrine or paracrine. It starts transmitting information by integrating with lagen and stromatin by irritating osteocytes and chondrocytes to form rapidly extracellular matrix so as to promote repair of bone and cartilage injury.CONCLUSION: TGF-β plays the importance in histoengineering repair of articular cartilage injury. By bringing induction of cartilage into play,TGF-β promotes differentiation of stem cells into cartilage or enhances specific matrix synthesis of cartilage, such as collagen Ⅱ and proteoglycan. Due to the limitation of various repair methods of cartilage defects at present, being a cell factor with good cartilage induction, TGF-βwill present extensive prospects in the application of cartilage histoengineering.

The important difference between post-graduate and undergraduate education is to train their reseach ability,which is very important especially to the post-graduate students of basic medicine who will be researchers.The problem in training research ability of post-graduate was studied in this paper and solution plan was put forward.

The biological threat is an important component of national security threats .Developed countries attach great importance to biodefense capability building .This paper analyzed the particularity of biological threats , explained the necessi-ty of biosecurity strategic research and development in China , and proposed establishing an integrated biodefense system .

Type-B RAF (BRAF) gene is one of the most popular genes of thyroid carcinoma in recent studies,and its mutation has significant relationships with the occurrence,development,treatment,and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).The influence of BRAFV600E mutation on the expression of iodine uptake relative proteins in PTC cells and the value of molecular targeted therapy with BRAFV600Einhibitors in the clinical treatment of PTC in the future were summarized in this review.

Thirty cases of obesity were treated by acupuncture plus auricular point-embedding method based upon pattern identification, and another 30 cases were treated by single auricular point-embedding method for control study. After the treatments for 30 days, the effective rate was respectively 90.0% and 66.7%, with the statistic significance (P＜0. 05) between the therapeutic effects of the two groups.

Ascites formation represents a hallmark of decompensated liver cirrhosis.It predicts a poor outcome.Patients with ascites are at high risk of developing complications such as SBP (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis),hyponatremia and HRS (hepatorenal syndrome).Adequate treatment of cirrhotic ascites increases survival and betters quality of life.Despite improved current medical treatment of ascites,liver transplantation remains the ultimate treatment of refractory ascites.This paper summarizes the treatment of liver cirrhosis with ascites.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of Huanglian shangqing soft capsule in the adjuvant treatment of in-flammation around the implant. METHODS:40 patients(72 implants)with inflammation around the implant were randomly divid-ed into control group (20 cases) and observation group (20 cases). Control group received full mouth supragingival scaling tech-nique,subgingival curettage,root planing,occlusal adjustment,loose teeth fixation or removal can not be reserved teeth using ul-trasonic scaler row scaling postoperative with 3% hydrogen peroxide,0.9% Sodium chloride injection alternately flushing periodon-tal pocket,removing residue until the inflammation control after the break-adjusted+appropriate amount of Minocycline hydrochlo-ride ointment,along with fine needles inserted into the periodontal pocket wall slowly until bag after pushed into the bottom of Mi-nocycline hydrochloride ointment,slow retreated the drug overflow until the gingival margin,no gargle and drinking water within half an hour,once a week. Observation group additionally received 1.2 g Huanglian shangqing soft capsules,twice a day. 4-week was regarded as 1 course,and it last 2 courses. Clinical efficacy,PLI,PD,SBI,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-2 and IL-17 levels before and af-ter treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment,the PLI, PD,SBI,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-2 and IL-17 levels in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05),but the symptoms were mild. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,Huanglian shangqing soft capsule shows significant efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of inflammation around the implant,it can reduce inflammatory cytokine levels in gingival sulcus fluid,but with more ad-verse reactions.