Objective To investigate the relationship among the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) in platelets of maternal vein and umbilical blood , the pathophysiological changes of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in PIH patients. Methods Activities of PKC in membrane and plasma of platelets from maternal vein and umbilical blood taken from 35 PIH patients and 20 normal pregnant women were measured with substrate phosphorylation method. Results No difference was shown in the PKC activities between the mild PIH patients and normal pregnant women in both maternal and cord blood.The PKC activities in moderate and severe PIH patients were significantly higher than those of the normal pregnant group.In normal pregnant women, the PKC activity in membrane and plasm of the platelets had no significant difference. In the moderate and severe PIH group, PKC activity in membrane was far more higher than the plasm 46?6 vs 37?4 pmol/(min?mg protein), P

Objective To investigate the role of hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase 1 (HPHl)and factor inhibiting HIF-1(FIH-1)in placentas in the pathogenesis and development of severe pre-eclampsia.Methods RT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to detect the HPH1 and FIH-1expression levels in placentas of 34 patients with severe pre-eclampsia and 24 cases of term pregnancy (normal pregnancy group)and their correlations with symptoms were analyzed.Results (1)The HPHI mRNA and protein expression levels in placentas of severe pre-eclampsia group were 0.40±0.04 and 59.5±3.4 separately,significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group,0.84±0.12 and 71.6±1.7(P<0.01).The FIH-1 mRNA and protein expression levels in placentas of severe pre-eclampsia group wereQ 31 ±0.05 and 45.6±2.4 separately,significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group,0.43±0.04 and 54.9±2.1(P<0.01).(2)The mRNA and protein expression levels of HPH1 and FIH-1 in severe pre-eclampsia group were all negatively correlated with mean arterial pressure(MAP)[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.854(P<0.01)],urinary protein per 24 hours[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.936(P<0.01)1 and the occurrence of fundus oculi artery spasm[the Spearman correlation coefficient was-0.854(P<0.01)].(3)rrhe expression of HPHl mRNA in placentas of all the 58 cases WBB 0.58±0.27.higher than the expression of FIH-1 mRNA,which was 0.39±0.10.There was a positive correlation between them.The pearson correlation coefficient was 0.686(P<0.01).The expression of HPH1 protein in placentas of all the 58 cases was 64.5±6.7,higher than the expression of FIH-1,which was 49.4±5.2.There was a positive correlation between them.The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.947(P<0.01).Conclusion The expression imbalance of HPH1 and FIH-1in palcenta may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of severe pre-eclampsia through inhibiting HIF-1a.

Objective To evaluate different expressions of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)and receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE)in placentas and their relationship with preeclampsia.Methods Fifteen early-onset pre-eclaraptic women(early-onset pre-eclampsia group),22 late-onset pre-eclamptic women(late-onset pre-eclampsia group)and 12 normotensive women(control group)in the third trimester were recruited at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from March 2006 to March 2007.The localization and levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in placentas of the three groups were detected by the strept avidin biotin-peroxidose method.Results (1)Immunoreactivities to HMGB1:positive immnnostaining for HMGB1 was observed in trophoblast,macrophages,decidual cells,vascular muscle cells,endothelial cells and placental mesenchymal cells in the placentas from the pre-eclamptic women,while a low level of immunoreactivities was observed in the placentas from healthy pregnancies;the staining was observed within both the nuclei and the cytoplasm,mainly in the cytoplasm.The cytotrophoblast,especially the nuclei was extensively positive for HMGB1 in early-onset pre-eclampsia. (2)Immunoreactivities to RAGE:positive immunostaining for HMGB1 was observed in syncytiotrophoblast,macrophages and endothelial cells in the placentas from the preeclamptic women,while a low level of immunoreactivities was observed in the placentas from healthy pregnancies:the staining was in the cytoplasm and(or)cell membrane.The trophoblast was extensively positive for RAGE in early-onset pre-eclampsia.(3)Positive rate of HMGB1 expression:the expression of HMGB1 in early-onset group(73%,11/15)and late-onset group(64%,14/22)was significantly higher than that in normal group(17%,2/12;P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in early-onset group and late-onset group(P>0.05).(4)Positive rate of RAGE expression:the expression of RAGE in early-onset group(80%,12/15)and late-onset group (82%,18/22)was significantly higher than that in normal group(25%,3/12;P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in early-onset group and late-onset group(P>0.05).Conclusions The increased expression of HMGB1 and RACE in the placenta may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsis.The different locations may be associated with the occurrence of different onset types of pre-eclampsia.

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG)and laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG)for gastric cancer.Methods The comparative studies of TLDG and LADG published between 2008 and 2014 were searched from PubMed,EMBASE,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). After screening for inclusion, data extraction,and quality assessment,RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results Ten studies of 2 212 patients were included in the Meta-analysis,among whom 930 cases underwent TLDG and 1 282 cases underwent LADG.The results of Meta-analysis indicated that compared with LADG,TLDG had the advantages of less blood loss (WMD= - 20.70,95%CI:- 30.81 - - 10.59,P <0.01),less usage of analgesic (WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-0.74 - -0.02,P =0.04),more retrieved lymph nodes (WMD= 2.98,95%CI:0.71 -5.26,P =0.01).However,the Meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the operation time, postoperative time-to-first flatus and oral intake,postoperative hospital stay,length of proximal resection margin, C reaction protein (CRP)level at postoperative day 1,incidence of overall complications and anastomosis-related complications.Conclusion TLDG is safe and effective with less blood loss, less pain than those of LADG. Moreover,it has comparable results to conventional LADG,with no increase of postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in elderly gastric cancer patients aged over 70 years.Methods Clinical data of 222 elderly gastric cancer patients aged over 70 years receiving surgery from January 2010 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy group (LAG group,n=106) and the conventional open gastrectomy group (OG group,n=116),depending on the surgery type.General information,surgical parameters,intra-operative blood pressure fluctuations & blood gas analysis,postoperative recovery and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender,age,preoperative coexisting diseases,tumor size and location,TNM staging or extent of resection (all P＞0.05).Compared with the OG group,blood loss (86.9±38.9) ml vs.(168.8±49.1) ml,t=10.923,P＜0.01),operative incision length [(9.20±1.55) cm vs.(16.50± 2.12) cm,t=8.788,P＜0.01],time to bowel function recovery [(3.20±1.09) d vs.(5.50±1.16) d,t=4.590,P＜0.01],hospital stay [(11.82±3.92) d vs.(16.14±4.69) d,t=2.234,P＜0.05] and postoperative complications (12.3％ vs.26.4％,x2 =5.186,P＜0.05) were reduced in the LAG group.The LAG group had higher levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) and lower levels of base excess than the OG group [(48.10±5.53) mmHg vs.(40.25± 4.66) mmHg,(-7.45±3.72) mmol/L vs.(-3.35±1.98) mmol/L,t=6.908 and 3.619,P＜ 0.01 and 0.05].However,there were no significant differences between the two groups in partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) or hydrogen ion concentration (all P＞ 0.05).No significant differences in operation time or number of retrieved lymph nodes were found between the two groups [(196.1 ± 23.4) min vs.(184.2 ± 26.9) min,(28.7 ± 6.5) vs.(27.3 ± 5.6),t=1.174 and 0.515,both P＞0.05].Conclusions Laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy is safe and practical in elderly patients aged over 70 years with gastric cancer and can achieve comparable effects of open radical gastrectomy with less invasiveness and faster recovery.

Objective To explore the severity of toxicity reaction after treated by the sequential chemoradio-therapy,alternate chemoradiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy in limited -stage small cell lung cancer. Methods 63 cases of limited -stage small cell lung cancer were reviewed,according to the chemoradiotherapy order,all cases were divided into:sequential chemoradiotherapy 15 cases,alternate chemoradiotherapy 25 cases, concurrent chemoradiotherapy 23 cases.The correlation of the factors(leukocypenia,gastrointestinal reaction,pneumo-nia,esophagitis)with different treatment groups after treated in 2 months,4 months,6 months were analyzed.Results Three groups of all the factors treated in 2 months had no significant change(χ2 =0.275,0.051,0.513,1.215, 0.051,0.231,all P >0.05).In 4 months the cases of sequential chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 33.3%,33.3%,0.0%,0.0%;In the cases of alternate chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 16.0%,4.0%,16.0%,0.0%;In the cases of concurrent chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastroin-testinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 52.2%,34.8%,34.8%,4.3%;>or =2 myelosuppres-sion,each level gastrointestinal reaction and the pneumonia of the three groups treated were statistically significant (χ2 =7.054,9.702,7.947,6.145,7.373,all P <0.05).In 6 months the cases of sequential chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 26.7%,13.3%,13.3%, 0.0%;In the cases of alternate chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneu-monia and the esophagitis were 40.0%,56.0%,12.0%,0.0%;In the cases of concurrent chemoradiotherapy >or =2 myelosuppression,the gastrointestinal reaction,the pneumonia and the esophagitis were 69.6%,65.2%,43.5%,0.0%;each level myelosuppression,>or =2 gastrointestinal reaction and the pneumonia of the three groups treated were statistically significant(χ2 =6.174,7.663,10.544,6.286,all P <0.05).Conclusion Leukopenia and gastrointestinal reaction are closely related with chemotherapy,chemoradiotherapy results in the worsen of myelosuppression.Pneumonia and esophagitis are closely related with chemotherapy,chemoradiotherapy result in the worsen of radiation pneumonitis.

Objective To observe the clnical effects of influence of tanshinone type ⅡA sulfonate on preventing hepatic artery thrombosis after transplantation.Methods A total of 60 patients after liver transplantation were randomly individed into the treatment group and control group, each 30 patients. The treatment group received tanshinone ⅡA sodium sulfonate treatment (60 mg qd, ivgtt continuous 10d) , while the control group used conventional heparinization. The blood coagulation index and the thrombelastograph variables were detected after 7 days and the hepatic artery resistance index (RI) was detected by using Doppler ultrasonography. The postoperative complications and mortality rates were analyzed.Results Although it had little improvement on the coagulation function after liver transplantation, tanshinone ⅡA sodium sulfonate had significant improvement on the time of thrombelastograph parameters reaction (6.35 ± 1.59 minvs. 5.21 ± 1.37 min,t=2.453) and maximum amplitude (58.07 ± 5.42 mmvs. 61.67 ± 5.63 mm,t=-2.532). It showed that RI have significantly statistical difference between the two groups after treatment (0.73 ± 0.11vs. 0.62 ± 0.10;t=-2.948,P<0.01). During the trial, the control group had 2 cases of postoperative complications, HAT and bleeding.Conclusions The Tanshinone ⅡA sodium after liver transplantation can improve the clotting mechanism, preventing HAT.

Objective To observe and discuss the effect of the traditional Chinese drug complex prescription ShensuⅡfrom Xintong Changluo therapeutic principle on renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expresssion in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) model rats. Methods Forty-eight healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=12) and modeling group (n=36). Rats of modeling group were injected by doxorubicin hydrochoride for FSGS model. Rats of modeling group were sub-divided into model group, benazepril group and TCM group randomly. In 12 weeks, TCM group was given by intragastric administration of ShensuⅡ(3.5 g/100 g), benazepril group was given by intragastric administration of benazepril suspension (0.33 mg/100 g), control group and model group were given by intragastric administration of same volume of saline. HE/Masson staining was used to observe changes of tubulointerstitial pathomorphology. The degree of injury and fibrosis was measured. The expressions of fibronectin (FN) and TGF-β1 were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Results The process of renal interstitial fibrosis was slower in FSGS rats of TCM group. Renal interstitial pathological index was 1.51 ± 0.80 in TCM group, which was lower than that of model group (2.18 ± 0.38) and benazepril group (1.79 ± 0.24). The index of renal interstitial fibrosis was 2.39 ± 0.13 in TCM group, which was lower than that of model group (3.11 ± 0.25) and benazepril group (2.80 ± 0.41). The relative expression of FN in renal interstitial was 14.19 ± 3.06 in TCM group, which was lower than that of model group (21.25 ± 3.31) and benazepril group (18.51±2.29). The relative expression of TGF-β1 in renal interstitial was 2.64±0.21 in TCM group, which was lower than that of model group (6.02 ± 0.12) and benazepril group (3.79 ± 0.46). All the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Xintong Changluo complex prescription ShensuⅡcan reduce the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in FSGS model rats, which may be related with the inhibiting expression of TGF-β1.

Objective To investigate the role of KiSS-1 and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)9 in trophoblasts in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and their relation to perinatal outcome of neonates. Methods RT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to detect the MMP-9 and KiSS-1 expression levels in trophoblast of 40 patients with preeclampsia (15 cases of mild and 25 cases of severe preeclampsia)(preeclampsia group) and 20 cases of term pregnancy (normal pregnancy group) and their correlations with symptoms and perinatal outcome of neonates were analyzed. Results (1) The KiSS-1mRNA and metastin expression levels in trophoblasts of preeclampsia group were 1.73?0.24 (A value) and (78.4?8.0) ?g/ 100 ?g total protein separately,those of mild preeclampsia were (1.50?0.15) and (72.4?6.9) ?g/ 100 ?g total protein , and severe preeclampsia were (1.87?0.20) and (83.52?3.57) ?g/100 ?g total protein , which were all significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group [1.24?0.25, P

Objective:To investigate the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) digestive enzyme CD38 in normal and endotoxin-tolerant human monocyte THP-1 cell lines treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods:(1) Normal THP-1 cells: The experiment and control group were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h or phosphate buffer for 24 h, respectively. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot were used to measure the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mRNA, CD38 mRNA and protein. (2) The induced endotoxin-tolerant THP-1 cells: ①The model of endotoxin-tolerant cells was established firstly by treating the THP-1 cells with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 h. THP-1 cells treated with phosphate buffer were set as blank group. After further stimulating the two groups with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 3 h, mRNA levels of IL-6 and TNF were measured by quantitative PCR to determine whether the modeling was successful or not. ②In addition, the expression of CD38 mRNA were detected by quantitative PCR before and 12 h after LPS stimulation, and the expression of CD38 protein of these two groups were detected by western blotting before and 1, 6 h after LPS stimulation. Two independent samples t-test and repeated measurement analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results:(1) In normal THP-1 cells, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF in the LPS-stimulated cells were significantly higher than those of the control at all time points. And a higher expression level of CD38 mRNA and protein was observed in LPS-stimulated cells from 3 to 24 h compared with the control (mRNA at 3 h: 2.27±0.03 vs 1.00±0.18; protein at 3 h: 1.47±0.14 vs 1.00±0.16, both P<0.05). (2) Endotoxin-tolerant THP-1 cells: ①IL-6 and TNF mRNA levels in the model group were significantly lower than those in the blank group (both P<0.05), indicating that the endotoxin-tolerant THP-1 cell model was established successfully. ②Compared with the same points in the blank group, CD38 mRNA expression was upregulated in the model group before stimulating by LPS (14.18±1.19 vs 1.00±0.13, t=19.007) and 12 h after LPS stimulation (28.33±3.98 vs 7.61±0.88, t=8.803). Moreover, CD38 protein levels before stimulating by LPS (1.54±0.06 vs 1.00±0.10, t=7.796) and 1 h (1.59±0.09 vs 1.07±0.17, t=4.721), 6 h after LPS stimulation (2.48±0.09 vs 1.43±0.12, t=12.233) in the model group were all higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The intra-group comparison showed that in the model group the levels of CD38 mRNA at 12 h and CD38 protein at 6 h after LPS stimulation were significantly higher than those before (both P< 0.05). Conclusions:In both normal and endotoxin-tolerant THP-1 cells, LPS upregulates the expression of CD38, which is an NAD + digestive enzyme, and an indirect indicator of NAD + level in monocyte reinfection at the stage of immunosuppression. This study provides a preliminary reference for further investigation on the applicability of CD38 as a potential biological marker in the clinical diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.