Adult ; Afibrinogenemia ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; chemically induced ; Male ; Valproic Acid ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate digital rectal examination (DRE) , transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) , free/total (f-PSA/ t-PSA) prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and PSA density (PSAD) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with PSA < or = 4.0 microg/L.

METHODSBetween April 1996 and December 2012, a total of 343 subjects, aged 30 -91 years, with PSA < or =4.0 microg/L and abnormal findings on DRE or TRUS underwent prostatic biopsy. Based on the levels of PSA, the subjects were divided into four groups: 0 -1.0, 1.1 -2. 0, 2.1 -3. 0, and 3.1 -4.0 microg/L. The diagnostic values of DRE, TRUS, f-PSA/t-PSA, and PSAD were assessed in those with different PSA levels. According to the age, the subjects were again divided into five groups: C49 yr, 50 -59 yr, 60 -69 yr, 70 -79 yr, and > 80 yr. The rates of PCa detection in relation to PSA levels were estimated in different age groups.

RESULTSOf the 343 subjects, 65 (19.0% ) were diagnosed with PCa, with detection rates of 16.28% (21/129) , 17. 17% (17/99), 21.82% (12/55), and 25.00% (15/60) in those with the PSA levels of 0 -1.0, 1.1 -2.0, 2.1 -3.0, and 3.1 -4.0 microg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in f-PSA/t-PSA between the PCa patients and non-PCa subjects with the PSA level > 2.0 microg/L (P <0.05) , but not with the PSA level < or =2.0 microg/L (P > 0.05) , nor did PSAD show any significant difference between the PCa and non-PCa groups ([0.09+/-0. 16] versus [0. 06 +/- 0. 07] micro/L/ml, P > 0. 05). The rate of cancer detection rose -with the elevation of the PSA level, but had no statistically significant difference among different age groups (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONPSA 2.1 -4.0 microg/L with abnormal DRE and TRUS findings should be considered as a warning signal, which requires regular follow-up and PSA detection. With f-PSA/t-PSA <0. 15 with or without abnormal DRE and TRUS findings, routine prostate biopsy should be performed. PCa diagnosis cannot be effectively established by DRE, TRUS, f-PSA/t-PSA, and PSAD in those with PSA < or = 2.0 microg/L.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To compare the operative cooperation of da Vinci robotic surgery and traditional laparoscopic surgery, so as to provide evidence to qualify the operative cooperation of minimally invasive operation. Methods Comparison of the operative cooperation with related experiences and literature was made between the two kinds of surgeries. Results More requirements were put forward during the da Vinci robotic surgery on nurses′ service quality and training methods, ethics & law knowledge and humanistic care, equipment installation and preparation, complicated nursing performance content, system error handling and postoperative management, etc.. Conclusions It is suggested that the operative cooperation of the precise minimally invasive operation should be improved as follows:strengthen the nurses′ special training and continuing education; establish related operation process and management standards;do patients′explanation work and surgical team cooperation.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A in the ipsilateral hippocampus after cerebral hemorrhage in rats.Methods A total of 64 adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was randomly divided into control and model groups.Collagenase Ⅶ was used to induce cerebral hemorrhage model.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A in hippocampus at the cerebral hemorrhage side at the time points (24 h,7 d,14 d,and 21 d).Results Compared to the control group,the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A were significantly enhanced in model group (P ＜0.01),with the highest level at the 7 d.Conclutions Cerebral hemorrhage can significantly enhance expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A with a positive correlation of Slit2 and Nogo-A,which might have an important effect on the recovery of brain injury.

Objective To explore the application of related parameters of frailty index,and use this method to evaluate the prognosis of respondents.Methods Evaluations based on the utilization of frailty index was performed in a cohort of 1808 elderly people aged 60 years and above who dwelled in Beijing urban and rural area.And the baseline of this survey started in 2004,and the follow-up procedure was performed at the end of third,fifth and eighth years.The mortality of all individuals was collected and analyzed.Results Along with the increasing age,higher frailly index was expected(r=0.314、0.395、0.405、0.319,P=0.004、0.000、0.000、0.000).Among the same level of frailty index,males,rural dwellers,and elderly people showed a higher death rate than females,urban dwellers and comparatively young individuals.Conclusions The frailty index may be a significant tool for evaluation of prognosis among elderly people.

Objective To evaluate the application of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound ( CETRUS) to identify prostate cancer(PCa) from benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods A total of 86 patients with focal prostatic disease detected by trans rectal ultrasound(TRUS) were enrolled in this study.Each patient underwent grey-scale TRUS, CE-TRUS, and targeted-biopsy of prostateunder ultrasound guidance successively on the same day. The criteria of perfusion pattern would be statistically analyzed among groups divided by pathological findings. Every patient's images of CE-TRUS were observed and features of perfusion pattern were recorded by two doctors who were blind to any clinical data of patient.Then these features recorded by two doctors were compared, if the features were coherent, they would be recorded as final results,and otherwise two doctors would consult till the features were coherent. Results Compared with BPH group, the enhancement features of PCa group were rapid enhancement, increased enhancement, heterogeneous enhancement, well-defined boundary of lesion after enhancement, asymmetric appearance of intraprostatic vessels, rapid decrease, perfusion defect areas within lesions and the roughly discontinuous juncture between enhancement and no enhancement area within lesions. Conclusions There was significant difference in enhancement pattern between BPH and PCa groups, observing enhancement pattern could help to identify prostate cancer from benign prostate hyperplasia.

To explore the protective effect of adenovirus mediated IGF-Ⅰgene(Ad-IGF-Ⅰ)transfer on non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice. The results showed that the incidence of diabetes and degree of insulitis were significantly reduced in mice receiving Ad-IGF- Ⅰ . Treatment with Ad-IGF- Ⅰ significantly decreased apoptosis rate,expression of Fas and caspase-3, and increased expression of Bcl-xl. This study indicates the potential of IGF- Ⅰ gene therapy in protecting NOD mice from insulitis and apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate plus nimodipine in treating transient cerebral ischemic attack.Methods A total of 159 outpatients and inpatients with transient cerebral ischemic attack in the neurosurgery department and the neurology outpatient department of our hospital from January 1,2012 to September 1,2016 were divided into 3 groups.The group A(43 cases) orally took clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate plus aspirin;the group B (51 cases) treated with oral clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate plus nimodipine;the group C(65 cases) was treated with clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate plus nimotop.The curative effects were observed in 3 groups.The differences of PT.APTT,FIB and PLT in 3 groups were compared between before and after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the group A and C was significantly better than that of the group B(P<0.05),the curative effect had no statistical difference between the group A and C (P>0.05);the effect of the group B and group C on coagulation was superior to that of the group A(P<0.05).The three group had no severe bleeding events(cerebral bleeding,etc.),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate combined with nimotop can significantly reduce the frequency of transient cerebral ischemic attack,has little influence on the coagulation indicators,and is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the effect of motor imagery therapy supplemented with scalp acupuncture for improving the lower limb motor function of stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods A total of 120 hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group with 60 patients in each.All were given routine medical care and scalp acupuncture (stimulating the posterior and anterior oblique line of the parietal-temporal lobe contralateral to the hemiplegic limb).The treatment was given daily for 3 weeks as one session,and 2 sessions were administered to both groups.The experimental group was given motor imagery therapy in addition.Each treatment took about 25 min every day for 3 weeks as one session,and again 2 consecutive sessions were administered.The temporal and spatial gait parameters (10m maximum walking speed,stride length and cadence) of all of the patients were assessed,the Fugl-Meyer lower extremity assessment (FMA-L) was conducted and functional ambulation classifications (FACs) were assigned before therapy and at the end of the 6 weeks.Results After 6 weeks of treatment,all of the measures had improved significantly for both groups.The experimental group,however,had improved significantly more than the control group.Conclusion Motor imagery therapy can supplement scalp acupuncture to improve lower limb motor function in hemiplegic stroke patients.

BACKGROUND:Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from multiple myeloma patients present a variety of abnormalities, it is unclear how these abnormal mesenchymal stem cels influence the chemotactic function of myeloma cel lines.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate thein vitro effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from normal donors versus multiple myeloma patients on the chemotactic capacity of myeloma cel lines.
METHODS:In vitro cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels derived from either normal donors (N-MSCs group) or newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (MN-MSCs group) were directly co-cultured with U266 cels, in the presence or absence of bortezomib; and then harvested U266 cels were assayed for Transwel migration and mRAN expression of chemotaxis-related genes. U266 Transwel migration to conditioned medium derived from either N-MSCs or MN-MSCs was also tested.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After co-cultured with N-MSCs or MN-MSCs, U266 cels harvested from MN-MSCs group showed increased spontaneous Transwel migration and up-regulated CCR1 mRNA level than those from N-MSCs group (P < 0.05), whatever bortezomib was present or not. However, there was no evident difference between U266 cel Transwel migration to conditioned medium derived from either MM-MSCs group or N-MSCs group. Our study implies that there may be some intrinsic aberrance in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels derived from multiple myeloma patients, which can modulate the chemotactic migration of myeloma cel lines when they directly interact with each other.