The sprain of ankle could result in chronic instability without appropriate treatment.Some new surgeral technique and long-term results of follow-up showed an active effect on the ankle function recovering with the knowledge development of foot and ankle surgery.This review summarized the update report of this problem in recent years.

Age Factors ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Research

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features and treatment method of adrenal cortical eosinophil tumor.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 5 cases with adrenal cortical eosinophic tumor.Results Among the 5 cases,1 case looked female male-driven,1 case demonstrated cortisol dysrhythmias with cortisol increase combined Cushing syndrome,3 cases of no specific demonstrations,tumor sized 13 cm × 12 cm × 10 cm to 8.0 cm ×6.0 cm ×5.5 cm.Capsule was found complete,and no adhesion.Incision cut appeared gray,trypan-blue and cytoplasm contained rich acidophilus grain,the nuclei were large with a mild alien,fission were rare.Two cases were found immunohistochemical NSE ( + ),VIM ( + ).No relapse and metastasis were found after tumor resection.Conclusions Adrenal cortical eosinophil tumor is clinically rare,mostly being the occasional tumors.In general the tumor size is larger,more being benign tumor,growing quickly.Surgical resection is the first choice for the treatment of the disease,with good prognosis.Postoperative follow-up is needed.

Purpose To assess the potentia1 of DNA image cytometry and urinary cyto1ogy in screening for urothe1ia1 carcinomas,and to find the idea1 method of ear1y diagnosis of urothe1ia1 cancer. Methods Voided urine specimens from 121 patients with urothe1ia1 carcinoma were random1y co11ected as test group and 95 patients with symptomatic uro1ogic disease but not urothe1ia1 carcinoma as con-tro1 group,a11 of the specimens were ana1yzed by both urinary cyto1ogy and DNA image cytometry. Results Urinary cyto1ogy had a higher sensitivity but 1ower specificity in diagnosis of urothe1ia1 carcinoma than that of DNA cytometry. Urinary cyto1ogy yie1ded an o-vera11 sensitivity of 85. 10%,specificity of 76. 80%. DNA cytometry revea1ed a sensitivity of 81. 80%,specificity of 81. 10%. Among the 121 urothe1ia1 carcinoma,there were 103 b1adder cancers,18 patients with upper urothe1ia1 carcinoma. For different types of urothe1ia1 carcinoma,both of the two methods demonstrated good sensitivity in the high 1eve1 tumor. And DNA cytometry had exce11ent sensitivity in the diagnosis of urothe1ia1 carcinoma in invasive b1adder cancer and upper urinary tract cancer,and both were more than 94%. Conclusions In 1ight of its high1y good sensitivity and specificity in urothe1ia1 carcinoma,especia11y in invasive b1adder cancer and upper urinary tract cancer,DNA cytometry shou1d be used to eva1uate suspect urothe1ia1 ce11s in urinary cyto1ogy specimens. Com-bined with the conventiona1 urinary cyto1ogy,the detection for urothe1ia1 carcinoma wou1d be significant1y improved.

More and more studies have indicated that the relationship between vitamin D pathway and asthma,and the mechanisms include multiple abnormal aspects of vitamin D pathway leading to abnormal em-bryonic development and immune system disorders and so on. This review summarizes the relationship between vitamin D,vitamin D binding protein,vitamin D receptors,related gene polymorphisms and the immune system to describe the pathogenesis of asthma.

Objective To explore the value of MRI sequence and MRA for diagnosis of moyamoya disease(MMD).Methods Retrospective analysed of 1 8 cases of moyamoya disease clinical datas,1 8 cases were used routine head MRI scan,including T1 WI, T2WI,DWI,transverse and sagittal T2WI sequence FLAIR;MRA three dimensional time of flight(3D-TOF).Results 18 cases of patients with MRA showed bilateral internal carotid artery,anterior cerebral artery distal and proximal middle cerebral artery steno-sis or occlusion of signs.Among them,1 1 cases were found with secondary cerebral infarction,3 cases of cerebral hemorrhage,7 ca-ses of centrum semiovale,corona radiata and periventricular cerebral ischemia,4 cases of cerebral atrophy,8 cases of cerebral soften-ing and gliosis.Conclusion MRI and MRA examination have important value in the diagnosis of moyamoya disease,treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the teaching methods for pharmacognosy course in order to improve the quality of teach-ing. METHODS:In view of the disadvantages of the traditional teaching method,the teaching methods in pharmacognosy courses were reformed and practiced in many ways. RESULTS:Special seminar was set up,the role of teacher and student exchange was applied,traditional culture and knowledge was penetrated in class teaching,extracurricular activities were carried out and field prac-tice was added. CONCLUSIONS:Through the reform practise of the teaching method in pharmacognostic courses in pharmacy ma-jor in our university,the initiative and enthusiasm of students' learning has been improved,the ability of professional knowledge has been expanded,innovation and practical ability have been actively cultivated and good teaching effected has achieved. The quali-ty of the teaching in pharmacognosy has been greatly improved.

Objective To explore the changes of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) and neutrophil gelatinase associated li-pocalin(NGAL) in primary hepatic carcinoma and its clinical significance .Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum level of MMP9 and NGAL in 47 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma and 19 healthy controls .The association between serum MMP9 and NGAL levels with the clinicopathological features of hepatic carcinoma were evaluated .ROC curves were used to analyze the influence of MMP9 and NGAL on the diagnostic value .Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the relationship between the expressions of NGAL and MM P9 and the prognosis of patients with HCC .Results Serum MMP9 and NGAL levels in hepatic carcinoma patients are significantly higher compared with normal controls (P ≤ 0 .05) .The serum level of MMP9 and NGAL in primary hepatic carcinoma was positively correlated with TNM stage (P≤ 0 .05) .The sensitivity and specifici-ty of MMP9 and NGAL for primary hepatic carcinoma were 70 .2% and 83 .0% .The sensitivity of the joint detection were 94 .9% . Kaplan Meier survival curves showed that cumulative survival rates of patients with positive expression of NGAL were significantly lower than those of patients with negative expression .Conclusion MM P9 and NGAL might play an important role in gastric cancer generation and development .Monitoring of serum MMP9 and NGAL levels might be helpful for diagnosis and evaluation of progno-sis for primary hepatic carcinoma .

The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis has proposed to hold World Thrombosis Day on October 13 annually from 2014 to improve awareness and education of thrombosis. Thrombotic diseases are multidisciplinary disorders involving multiple systems.Thus, multidisciplinary team treatment for thrombotic diseases should be developed in China.A comprehensive study of genetic factors for thrombotic diseases is expected to achieve early diagnosis and risk prediction for this type of disease, and thus precision diagnosis and individualized treatment can be achieved.

Objective To evaluate the effect of bandage rollers compression on pocket hemostasis in patients after implantation of permanent pacemaker.Methods A total of 591 patients after implantation of permanent pacemaker were enrolled in this study and divided into trial group and control group.The wounds of 296 patients in trial group received compression by two bandage rollers,which were placed parallelly on the wound side by side,above the pocket of pacemaker,fixed by 3M adhesive tapes so that no bleeding of wound and no shifting of rollers.6 hours after the operation,the tapes and bandage rollers were released.The wounds of 295 patients in control group received compression by 1 000 g sand bag which were taken off 6 hours after the operation.The safety and effects of hemostasis in patients between the two groups were compared.Results The incidences of incision bleeding,pocket hematoma and pocket skin pressure injury were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidences of postoperative pain,urinary retention and insomnia were significantly different between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidences of postoperative pain,urinary retention and insomnia are significantly reduced in patients who received bandage roller compression.