Three strategies for nephrologists are to recognize the signs of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease ( CKD),to identify and treat risk factors of progression of CKD and to cure or slow-down the progress of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The idea of individual therapies obtaining optimal clinical results in tumor treatment urged people to find and apply biomarkers for personalized diagnosis of the risk factors of CKD susceptibility and progression,which provide a rationale for pursuing personalized medicine.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:784-789)

To guarantee the basic quality of nursing service, many countries have carried out the licensure examinations for registered nurses, which are used not only to evaluate the quality of nursing education but also to guide the development of education. This paper reviewed the process of the establishment of the systems, and outlined the features of the examinations in content design, organization and implementation, improvement and development trends in both China and America in order to improve ours.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effect of Antine Capsule on the pain(EIP) in patients receiving root canal therapy.METHODS: The medication group(n=60) were assigned to receive Antine Capsule for 3 days after root canal preparation,while the Control group(n=69) to receive routine therapy.The incidence and degree of time-dependent EIP within 7 days after operation were observed.RESULTS: The EIP incidence rate and the degree of pain in the medication group were significant lower than in routine RCT group(P

al blood lactic acid monitoring is simple, easy and practical to use in predicting prognosis of ICU patients sensitively.

AIM: To explore the oxidant-antioxidant status and levels of mononuclear cells (PBMCs) oxdative DNA damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to value the effect of resveratrol on peripheral blood mononuclear cells oxidative DNA damage in T2DM patients in vitro. METHODS: The DNA damages in PBMCs of 39 T2DM patients with vascular complication, and 29 T2DM patients without complication were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (the comet percentage). The levels of plasma total antioxidative capacity (TAC), the contents of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma thiol group (SH) were measured. The effect of resveratrol on DNA damage of T2DM patients were investigated in vitro. In addition, 26 healthy subjects were studied as a control group. RESULTS: The comet percentage of PBMCs and the contents of plasma MDA in T2DM patients without complication were all significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients.Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy,and mitochondrial function depends on the stabilization of the mitochondrial membrane structure.Studies on the molecular alteration and the underlying mechanism of the cardiocyte mitochondrial membrane of the diabetic heart may give us deeper insights into diabetic cardiomyopathy,and help us make a breakthrough in the therapeutic strategies.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of childhood intracranial tumor.Methods The age and sex distribution,location of tumor,clinical manifestation,imaging examination and pathological examination,diagnosis and treatment of 98 children under 14 years old admitted into Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jun.2003 to Sep.2008 were analyzed.Results There were 63 male and 35 female in the study.The gender ratio(male to female) was 1.8:1.The age range was 4 months to 14 years old,75 cases(76.5%) visited a doctor in the course of disease from 1 to 90 days.The tumors of 60 cases(61.2%) were located in posterior cranial fossa,while 14 cases(14.3%) in cerebral hemisphere.The most common intracranial tumors were medulloblastom(30 cases,30.6%),astrocytic tumor(26 cases,26.5%),ependymal tumor(17 cases,17.3%),craniopharyngioma(10 cases,10.2%) and germ cell tumor(4 cases,4.1%).The main clinical manifestations were vomiting(61 cases,62.2%),headache(58 cases,59.2%),instability of gait or incoordination(38 cases,38.8%),29 cases(29.6%) of the tumors were misdiagnosed.Obstructive hydrencephalus was found in 78 cases(79.6%) by imaging examination,positive rate of tumor′s diagnosis was 95.9% and 100% by brain CT and MRI scaning,respectively.Conclusions Intracranial tumors in childhood are mostly located in posterior cranial fossa with atypical clinical manifestations and short course of diseases.It is common to be misdiagnosed at early stage.Brain CT and MRI examinations are helpful for early diagnosis,which should be considered for the children when unreasonable increased intracranial pressure and localizing neurological sings exist.

Objective To evaluate the serum rocalcitonin(PCT) determination in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever . Methods 120emergencypatientswithfeverwereenrolledinthestudy,whoseserumsamplesweretestedbyusingelectrochemilu‐minescence immunoassay for PCT concentrations ,at the same time white blood cells(WBC) count and C reactive protein(CRP) were also determined .Bacterial culture results were used as gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infection .WBC>10 .0 × 109/L,CRP>10mg/L,PCT>0.5μg/Lwerethejudgmentcriteriafortheevaluationofthoseindicators.Results 73casesofpatients′bacteria culture results were positive ,47 patients′bacteria culture results were negative;63 cases of patients were with PCT ,WBC and CRP levels elevated at the same time;2 patients′WBC count elevated ,while PCT and CRP concentrations did not ;6 patients′serum PCT concentrations increased ,while WBC and CRP levels didn′t ;4 patients′serum PCT and CRP concentration increased , while WBC count didn′t ;35 patients′PCT ,WBC and CRP kept at low levels .Conclusion Serum PCT concentration could be used as an auxiliary diagnosis indicator in the diagnosis of emergency patients with fever .

To establish a set of perfect teaching quality management system in laboratory medicine based on ISO 9000 standard and teaching reality in laboratory medicine will be helpful to the improvement of teaching quality and management ability and sustainable development of laboratory medicine.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of alprostadil, benazepril combined with Danqi Decoction and herbal enema in treatment of diabetic renal proteinuria.Methods Sixty cases of diabetic renal proteinuria patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group.Each group was 30 cases.The control group was given alprostadil(0.2μg/mL,2 times per day) and benazepril(10 mg,one time per day), while the experimental group was given Danqi Decoction combined with herbal enema on the basis of the control group(one time per day).The urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, quantitative of proteinuria (in 24 hours) and the excretion of urinary micro-albumin of both groups were all tested after three weeks of continuous treatment.ResuIts After three weeks of treatment, the laboratory values of urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, quantitative of proteinuria in 24 hours of both groups were all improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore, the quantitative of proteinuria(in 24 hours) of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the excretion of urinary micro-albumin of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group(P<0.05).ConcIusion The therapy of alprostadil, benazepril combined with Danqi Decoction and herbal enema is effective for diabetic renal proteinuria patients, and can significantly reduce proteinuria and renal injury.