OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical symptom of hospital infection in hematology ward and analyze the risk factors about hospital infection,so as to control occurrence of hospital infection.METHODS Using prospective and retrospective investigating methods,all sufferers in hematology ward of our hospital from Jan to Dec,2005 were made statistical analysis.RESULTS Hospital infection rate was 11.96% and case infection rate was 12.96%.The infected sites were mainly respiratory tract,oral cavity and urethra,occupied 76.92% of all cases.Main pathogenic bacteria were Candida albicans,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,et al.CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of hospital infection in hematology ward is related to hospitalization time,underlying diseases,peripherial leucocyte count and using of antibiotic medicament.Main measures for preventing and reducing hospital infection are symptomatic treatment to underlying diseases,suitably using broad spectrum antibiotics,improvement of hospitalization conditions and shortening of hospitalization time.

Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour of reproductive system of wommen.In recent years,the mini-trauma technology represented by laparoscope and hysteroscope is popularized in the application to treatment of uterine leiomyoma,such as LH,LM,HM and UAE put forward recently,etc.They all have many advantages,little trauma,less pain,rapid recovery and shorter duration of hospitalization.But indication,method of operation and complication have nothing in common with each other.This text is a survey at the point.

Objective To study the effect of direct cover vitrification (DCV ) on the morphology of follicles from human o‐varian tissue .Methods Biopsies of ovarian tissue was cryopreserved by DCV and some of them was cultured for 7 days .The rates of primordial follicles ,primary follicles and secondary follicles were counted .Results Compared to the fresh group and frozen group ,the percent of primordial follicle of fresh‐cultured group ,frozen group decreased ,primary follicle significantly increased(P<0 .05) .The percent of primordial follicle ,primary follicle ,secondary follicles of fresh‐cultured group were lower than those of fresh group(P<0 .01) .In frozen group ,the rates of the primary and secondary follicles with normal morphology were lower than those of fresh cultured group(P<0 .05) .The rate of normal morphology of secondary follicles of frozen‐cultured group was demonstrably lower than that of fresh‐cultured group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Partial follicles might be injured in cryopreserved human ovarian tissues by direct cover vitrification .A period of post‐thaw culture may enhance follicle recovery .

AIM: To investigate the effect of hypoxia on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ?-actin and endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE)-2 mRNA levels in cultured mouse brain astrocytes (AC). METHODS: AC from neonatal mouse brain was incubated for 24 h in serum-free medium under hypoxic or normoxic conditions. The amount of transferred RNA was estimated using ethidium bromide stained 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA. The levels of tested mRNA were evaluated by Northern blot RNA hybridization. RESULTS: The GAPDH mRNA was up-regulated to 503.0% of the normoxic controls in hypoxic AC (n=10. P

Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a new method of optical molecular imaging,which has been successfully applied in early clinical trials.However,weak signal intensity and limited ability in tissue penetration have impeded its clinical application.Cerenkov radiation energy transfer imaging and radiation excitation fluorescence imaging were adopted to solve these problems by enabling transformation of some of the blue-weighted Cerenkov luminescence (CL) spectra to red-shifted emissions,or by exciting rare earth particles to emit visible and near infrared light.This article reviews the development of Cerenkov signal enhancement by fluorescence excitation effect.

Objective To observe the changes of hemodynamics during 0 375% ropivacaine epidural anesthesia period,and 0 375% bupivacaine as control in patients have undergoing breast cancer radical operation.Methods Sixty-one patients were randomly designed to receive 0 375% ropivacaine(groupⅠ,n=30)or 0 375% bupivacain(groupⅡ,n=31)epidural anesthesia respectively during breast cancer radical operation.BP,HR and SpO 2 were assessed at 5min,10min,15min and 20min after first full doses.Results The changes of BP,HR and SatO 2 at 5min,10min,15min and 20min after first full doses were obviously lower in groupⅠ than that in groupⅡ(P0 05).No severe adverse event was found during the observation.Conclusions Interference of epidural anesthesia with 0 375% ropivacaine on hemodynamics in breast cancer radical operation is slighter than that of 0 375% bupivacaine.

Objective To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Kirgiz and Han,to understand the differences between ethnic groups,at the same time to provide effective method for type 2 diabetic autonomic neuropathy.Methods 24 -h Holter recording was performed in 1 46 individuals.75 cases of T2DMconfirmed by glycolated hemoglobin(HbA1 c)were selected as observation group, Kirgiz 40 people,Han 35 people.While 71 subjects without T2DM were chosen as control group,Kirgiz 34 people, Han 37 people.The HRV indices,including standard deviation (SD)for the time between normal -to -normal complexes in the entire 24 h electrocardiographic recording(SDNN),the average of SD for the time between normal -to -normal intervals for each 5 min period(SDNN5),the percentage of adjacent RR intervals 50 ms apart(PNN50), normal RR intervals divided by RR intervals derived from the triangle index(TRIA),SD of the average normal -to -normal intervals for each 5 min period (SDANN)and root -mean square of differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD)were compared between these groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender, education level and smoking between Kirgiz and Han patients.The differences were statistically significant in SDNN, SDNN5,PNN50,SDANN,TRIA(t =3.392,P =0.001 ;t =3.652,P =0.001 ;t =3.826,P =0.001 ;t =3.235,P =0.002;t =2.378,P =0.02)between patients with or without T2DMin Kirgiz population.In contrast,the mean square root of SDNN,SDNN5,PNN50,TRIA,RMSSD(t =3.498,P =0.001 ;t =3.41 4,P =0.001 ;t =2.1 05,P =0.039;t =2.1 02,P =0.039;t =3.41 3,P =0.001 )were statistically significant in Han population between T2DM patients and nondiabetic patients.There was no deference between Han and Kirgiz patients without T2DM in HRV,whereas the TRIA(t =2.887,P =0.005 )had significant difference in T2DM patients between Han and Kirgiz population. Conclusion The HRV is significantly reduced in the T2DMpatients,especially the Kirgiz.The HRV analysis using 24h Holter is a noninvasive technology to detect the T2DM.

Purpose Bronchial arterial embolization is the preferred hemostasis method for hemoptysis when medical treatment is invalid. This paper aims to discuss the safety and efficacy of inferior phrenic artery (IPA) embolization in the treatment of hemoptysis of tuberculosis when IPA is involved. Materials and Methods Twenty-eight patients who were confirmed that IPA got involved in the hemoptysis due to pulmonary tuberculosis by IPA angiography underwent embolization. CT scan was performed before the procedure and IPAs arteriography were performed during the interventional procedure. Once the blood supply was identified, catheterization and embolization was carried out with gelatin sponge particle, sodium polymannuronate microsphere or microcoil according to the patients' conditions. After the procedure, the IPA angiographic manifestations, clinical efficacy and complications were evaluated. Results Thirty-three IPAs were identified as getting involved in the blood supply in the 28 patients. Among those patients, 12 had left IPA involved, 11 had right IPA involved and the rest 5 had IPAs involved in both sides. The selective IPA angiography showed IPAs had enlargement, with numberous and disordered branches and hypervascularity. IPA-pulmonary artery shunt was found in 22 cases. None of the cases was found extravasation of contrast medium. The hemoptysis reoccurred in 4 patients on the second day, sixth day and 6 months after the first embolization, thus the procedures were performed three times in 1 patient and twice in the other 3 patients. Nine patients had fever as complication, 19 patients had chest pain and 5 suffered from mild dyspnea. These complications usually disappeared in 3-7 days after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion IPA embolization is technically feasible and safe, whose complications are likely to be few and self-restrictive.

Objective To explore the feasibility of high?resolution micro?endoscopy for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of HRME pictures of gross specimen of gastric carcinoma of 20 cases of gastric cancer and normal gastric mucosa was made. Picture characteristics were studied and the HRME diagnostic criteria for normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer tissues were developed. Based on the diagnostic criteria, a prospective study on gastric biopsy specimens of 64 cases of suspected gastric carci?noma was conducted and the diagnostic value of HRME for gastric carcinoma was evaluated by comparing HRME pre?diagnostic results with pathological findings. Results In the superficial layer of the fundic muco?sa, numerous regularly branched arranged glands as well as oval or elongated openings of the gastric pits and linear peripheral cracks were visible;the nuclei were arranged regularly. In the superficial layer of the antral mucosa, irregular or tubular openings of the gastric pits and cracked glandular cavities were visible, with the cells surrounding the gastric pits regularly arranged and the nuclei small and densely distributed. In the gas?tric carcinoma, nuclei sizes were different, arranged messy. Gland sizes were various, with unclear structure or glandular structures that could not be observed. Structure of gastric pits was damaged and normal gastric pits disappeared. After HRME imaging was performed on 64 cases of gastric biopsy specimens, the sensitivi?ty, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of HRME diagnosis of gastric carcinoma were 96?4%( 53/55 ) , 88?9%( 8/9 ) , 95?3%( 61/64 ) , 98?1%( 53/54 ) and 80?0%( 8/10) respectively. Conclusion HRME, a new and instant pathological imaging tool with low price and simple operation, can distinguish normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer tissue clearly, with a high diagno?sis value for gastric cancer.

Hyaluronic acid(HA)is a linear polysaccharide chain composed of alternating ?-1,4-glucuronic acid(GlcA)and ?-1,3-N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc)moieties.Construction of engineering strain has become the prevailing strategy for increasing yield and improving its quality,especially the molecular weight.Here the molecular mechanism of HA biosynthesis in Streptococcus strains was reviewed,involving fermentation strains,operon structure,crucial enzyme and construction of engineering strains.In addition,the prevalent problems in HA fermentation production were also discussed and the protocols were tentatively put forward for the upcoming research and industrial production.