History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Neurosurgery ; history ; Philately ; United States

Objective:To analyze the influences of azithromycinantibiotic combined glucocorticoids on the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inflammatory cytokines levels as well as the clinical effect of severe pneumonia mycoplasma.Methods:112 children with severe pneumonia mycoplasma who were treated in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 56 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with azithromycinantibiotic,while the patients in the observation group were treated with glucocorticoid on the basis of the control group.Then the levels of ESR,LDH,isoenzyme MB (CK-MB),creatine kinase (CK),aspertate aminotransferase (AST),c-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin 6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-o (TNF-α),CD4+ and CD8+,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions between two groups were observed and compared before and after the treatment.Results:The effective rate in the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of ESR,LDH,CK-MB,CK,AST,CRP,IL-6,TNF-α and CD8+ in the two groups decreased,which were lower in the observation group than those of the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD4+ in both groups increased,which was higher in the observation group than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The disappearance time of fever,cough relief,lung rale of observation group were shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Azithromycin combined with glucocorticoids was more effective than azithromycin alone in the treatment of severe mycoplasma pneumonia with high safety,which could obviously relieve the myocardial injury and inflammatory response,enhance the immune function.

Objective To popularize preoperative "Time-out" procedure in order to strengthen safety management of surgical patient. Methods A feasible scheme was raised up by learning from the practical experience of Hongkong Mary Hospital and combining the medical system in Guangdong province and nursing model. Results No surgical accident happened after application of "Time-out" procedure in opera tion room of Hongkong Mary Hospital. Conclusions Preoperative "Time-out" procedure is one of the important measure to ensure the safety of surgical patients and prevent surgical accident. Managers in operation room should popularize this process according to actual situation in order to guarantee correct surgery on correct part of correct patients.

Iatrogenic vertebral artery injury is a rare complication in cervical spine surgeries,the consequences of which may be catastrophic.With the extensive development of cervical spine surgeries and application of diverse new internal fixations of cervical spine,there is a potential increase of risk of iatrogenic vertebral artery injury,which should be paid attention to.This article reviews the rate,cause and management etc.of iarogenic vertebral artery injury.

Lumbar fusion is currently the major treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, spinal instability and discogenic disease etc. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) is a novel lumbar fusion technique in recent years, and with the progress of minimally invasive spinal surgery, minimally invasive TLIF (mini-TLIF) technique has also got access to rapid development, which has more advantages compared with traditional open TLIF. The authors review the indications and contraindications, surgical method, development and advantages and minimally invasive surgical assistant instruments of mini -TLIF.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Liuweianxiao capsule combined with omeprazole to the treatment of functional dyspepsia.Methods 111 patients with functional dyspepsia from June 2014 to June 2016 were randomly divided into observation group 55 cases and control group 56 cases.The control group received Omeprazole treatment,observation group were given Liuweianxiao capsule combined with omeprazole.Recorded and analyzed motilin levels,EGG frequency changes,antral contraction amplitude,symptom score,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions during treatment.Results ①After treatment,Motilin and EGG frequency levels were(491.59±25.01)mg/L、(2.92±0.34)cpm,better than the control group(416.73±23.14)mg/L、(1.89±0.23)cpm,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).② After treatment,antral contraction amplitude levels were(1.60±0.09)％,better than the control group(1.34±0.07)％,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).③After treatment,symptom score levels were(10.56±1.74)point,better than the control group(14.68±2.13)point,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).④The total effective rate of observation group after treatment was 90.91％,significantly higher than the control group 73.21％,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).⑤ The adverse reactions of observation group during treatment was 7.27％,and compared to the control group 10.71％,the difference was not significant.Conclusion Liuweianxiao capsule combined with Omeprazole can effectively remission related symptoms,and it is a safe and effective treatment.

Objective To compare the treatment effects of self-designed anti-rotation reduction internal fixators (ARRIF), atlas fixator (AF) and Dick screw in reduction and fixation of different thoracolumbar spinal fractures. Methods Reduction effect, operation time, bleeding volume during operation and complications were observed and compared after ARRIF, AF and Dick screw were used to treat 90 cases of thoracolumbar spinal fractures. Results Compared with AF and Dick screw, the operation time of ARRIF was shorter with less bleeding volume during operation as well as less complications like broken or pulled-out screw or broken rod. Conclusions All three fixation methods can attain the reduction and fixation of various kinds of thoracolumbar spinal fractures. However, ARRIF is the most valuable transpedicular internal fixator and can more conveniently reduce and fixate the different spinal fractures and AF places the second.

Objective:The study aims to investigate the expression of integrin ?V?3 and its relationship in gastric cancers.Methods:The tumoral and normal tissues were collected from 65 cases of gastric cancer patients and 40 controls.The clinical phasing and pathological staging of the patients were recorded,and immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of integrin ?V?3 and microvessel density(MVD)in gastric cancers.Results:The positive rate of integrin ?V?3 expression was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than normal mucosal tissues(72.38% vs 22.86%,?2=8.35,P=0.032).There was a significant difference in integrin ?V?3 expression or MVD between tumors of infiltrating and expanding growth patterns(?2=14.97,P=0.002;t=10.150,P=0.001,respectively),cancers in T3～T4 and T1～T2 stages(?2=15.21,P=0.015;t=5.961,P=0.001,respectively).The positive rate of integrin ?V?3 expression and MVD also showed corelationship with lymph node invasion and metastases.Conclusion:Tumoral expression of integrin?V?3 was closely related with biological behavior of gastric cancers,suggesting that detection of integrin ?V?3 expression may present a potential tool to evaluate the clinical and pathological staging,lymph node status and metastases.

The anti-inflammatory effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng (TSPR ) were reported. After intramuscular injection of TSPR (200 mg/kg, rats and mice) and hydrocortisone ( 300mg/kg, rats ; 200mg/ kg, mice) the ear inflammation induced by croton oil decreased. Thirty minutes after intramuscular injection of TSPR ( 200mg/kg ) and hydrocortisone ( 200mg/kg ) in normal mice, the inflammation induced by acetici ( ip) shown by the infiltration of Even's blue decreased significantly.It is suggested antiinflammatory effect of TSPR was not related to the hypothalamic adrenal system.In chronic inflammatory experiments, TSPR as well as hydrocortisone could inhibit the proliferation of granuloma by the implantation of cotton pellet in rats and mice with inhibitory rates of 27.6% ( P

By mechanical comparison study of ARRIF,Dick and AF ,their reliable basis for further clinical application was evaluated. Models of spinal fracture were made using fresh cadavers. According to the Latin squre experimental designing principle, the fracture specimens were fixed with ARRIF,Dick and AF separately. The shift and angle changes were observed under different loads,and the analysis of variance was performed to all the data with the SPSS software . The single spinal compression fracture model showed no significant shift and the mechanical features were similar when it was fixed by ARRIF,Dick and AF. The model of spinal compression fracture with three spinal damages showed significant differences among these three fixings when axial torsion load was given. ARRIF and AF were clearly superior to Dick. The histological observation of ARRIF recorded no significant changes in the bone trabecula around the nail pass and the structure kept normal. The mechanical feature of ARRIF was basically similar to that of AF and Dick. Our conclusion is that because of the characteristics of its designing, the anti-axial torsion ability of ARRIF is outstanding and it can be easily fixed in application, thus it holds certain value in clinical practice.