Objective:To study the effect of Vitamin E(VitE)and Sodium selenite on nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFL).Methods:24 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.The model group,treatment group and contrast group were respectively fed with high fat diet,interfering diet and normal diet.All animals were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week.The liver pathology was observed under the light microscope.Superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)were determined by biochemistry analysis.The expressions of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kB)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?)proteins in hepatocytes were examined by immunohistochemistry.Result:①compared with the contrast group,serum and liver SOD levels decreased in model group,while MDA were raised.The expressions of NF-kB and TNF-a proteins in liver tissue increased significantly in model group.②compared with the model group,serum and liver SOD level increased in treatment group,while MDA was lowered.The expression of NF-kB proteins in liver tissue was reduced in treatment group,and no significant changes occured in TNF-a protein expression.Conclusions:Combination of sufficient quantum of VitE and Sodium selenite can improve the SOD activities and reduce the expression of NF-kB proteins in liver tissue,which is possibly the important mechanism for VitE and Sodium selenite to prevent NAFL.

Objective To evaluate the clinical,epidemiological,and viral molecular biology features of 26 patients infected with H7N9 avian influenza A virus. Methods Clinical and epidemiological data of 26 patients with con-firmed avian influenza A (H7N9)infection in 2013 and 2014 were collected,virus isolated from human and poultry were identified and typed through sequencing.Results Of 26 patients,fever and cough were the most common symptoms,all patients had pneumonia;20 patients (76. 92% )developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS);25 patients (96.15% )had leucopenia or normal leukocytes at the initial diagnosis;treatment with antivi-ral drugs was initiated in 25 patients at a median of 10 days after the onset of illness;10 patients (38.46% )died. Gene sequencing indicated Gln226Leu and Gly186Val substitutions in human virus H7 gene and the PB2 Asp701Asn mutation. Conclusion Acute respiratory system damage is the main clinical manifestation of avian influenza (H7N9)virus infection in humans,live poultry exposure is an important risk factor for H7N9 infection in humans, adaptive mutation occurred at partial site of avian virus gene,which can be more easily be spread from birds to hu-man and cause serious diseases,it is necessary to strengthen the pathogen monitoring.

Objective To observe the level changes of serum interleukin-18(IL-18) and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in alcohol liver disease of rats.Methods The dose of 56% alcohol [5～9 g/(kg?d)] was administeredvia gastrolavage once daily for 12 weeks in ALD model rats.The control rats were grven the same volume of saline.The rats were killed at the end of 4,8,12W.The pathological changes of liver were observed under light microscope after HE staining,and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-? in serum was determined with ELISA.Results The tissues of model rats showed various changes of chronic alcohol liver disease at the end of 4,8,12W,such as: fatty degeneration,inflammatory changes and fibrosis.The levels of ALT and AST in models were obviously higher than those of the controls(P

Objective To study the mutation of DNA fragment of rpoB gene in different degrees of rifampin-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Methods DNA fragment of rpoB gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis was sequenced,including 32 low-level (R50) rifampin-resistant strains (50?g/mL rifampin-resistant),22 high-level (R250) rifampin-resistant strains (250?g/mL rifampin-resistant),10 (R0)rifampin-sensative strains and 1 H 37 Rv strain.Results No mutation was detected in 10 rifampin-sensative strains and 1 H 37 Rv strain;25(78.1%)rifampin-resistant strains had mutations in R50 and 21(95.5%)rifampin-resistant strains had mutations in R250(P=0.170).The mutatione points were distributed disorderly in R50.The 531-Ser mutation(57.1%)and joint mutation(23.8%)were more in R250 than those in R50.Conclusion The frequency of mutation in the rpoB gene of rifampin-resistant strain is higher.The mutation points are distributed disorderly in R50.The 531-Ser mutation(57.1%)and joint mutation(23.8%)are major mutative characteristics in R250.

Objective To determine and compare the contents of oxypaeoniflorin and paeoniflorin of Paeoniae Radix,and to improve the quality standard of Radix Paeonia.Methods The contents of oxypaeoniflorin and paeoniflorin in different kind of White and Red Peony Root were successfully analyzed by HPLC.Results The content of oxypaeoniflorin in Red Peony Root is more than White Peony Root at 0.8361％ ;The content of paeoniflorin in White Peony Root is more than Red Peony Root at 0.2157％.The proportion of paeoniflorin and oxypaeoniflorin in White Peony Root is more than Red Peony Root.Conclusion With HPLC technology,quantitative analysis of active constituents in Paeoniae Radix was performed accurately.

Objective To establish the scoring system for early prediction of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODSE) induced by pulmonary infection in the elderly. Methods A total of 393 inpatients with pulmonary infection, aged 60 years and over, were enrolled in this study and the data of them from January 2001 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were divided into MODSE group and non-MODSE group. The effects of age, chronic disease and blood test items of healthy examination on the pathogenesis of MODSE were explored. The early prediction indexes which were selected from age, 21 chronic diseases and 15 blood test items of healthy examination were scored to establish the scoring system for early predicting MODSE. Results The age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary fibrosis, chronic cardiac insufficiency, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, chronic renal failure, hemoglobin, albumin,urea nitrogen and fasting blood glucose were selected to establish the scoring system for early predicting MODSE. Conclusions The scoreing system for early predicting MODSE may be used to screen the high risk population of MODSE induced by pulmonary infection, which is valuable in early prediction of MODSE.

Apolipoprotein M-sphingosine-1-phosphate axis ( apoM-S1P axis ) signaling pathway consists of apolipoproteinM (apoM), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR).Plasma apoM belongs to lipocalinsuperfamily members , and is mainly associated to high density lipoprotein( HDL), whereas HDL-cholesterol correlates inversely with cardiovascular risk .The ability of apoM to bind S1P is due to a lipophilic binding pocket within the lipocalin structure of the apoM molecule . S1P, a bioactive mediator of phospholipid metabolism , predominantly abound in HDL among all lipoproteins.S1P can not only be used as intracellular second messengers , but also as intercellular signal molecules, activating of G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR) to mediate various physiological functions.It′s clear that apoM protects human beings from atherosclerosis .Furthermore, recent studies showed that S1P has a significant impact on atherosclerosis , and ApoM-S1P axis may play a important role in the pathogenesis or progression of atherosclerosis .

Depression is a common mental and psychiatry disorder. Depression is easy to recur and hard to cure.These urgent problems origin from the limited understanding of this disease and the big heteroge-neity in its genology. Generalized from recent relative papers we discovered that the important onset and sus-taining basis of depression is neuroremodeling,which includes the persistent changes of histocytology,ultra-structure of synapse and abnormal expressions of gene and protein of neurons in key brain regions,and so on. These changes affect the correct dealing on the neural message which lead to depression and become the sus-taining biological basis. Therefore the key strategies to prevent and cure depression lie on preventing,individ-ual therapy and reversing neuroremodeling.

Objective To study the clinical features and prognostic factors of children with acute idiopathic myelitis.Methods This study retrospectively collected and summarized 75 patients' clinical data who were diagnosed with acute idiopathic myelitis for the first time in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan.2003 to Dec.2012.The relationship between clinical features and prognosis was analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software.Results In this study,37 boys and 38 girls were inclued.The distribution of ages was bimodal.The incidence of the disease seemed to have two peaks.One was broader ranging between age 1 and age 4 and the second was between age 9 and age 13.The main symptoms of acute idiopathic myelitis were weakness,sensory loss and autonomic dysfunction.Among the 75 cases,all patients had different degrees of paralysis,59.0％ (44 cases) of which had sensory abnormity and 80.0％ (60 cases) had autonomic dysfunction.In addition,root pain (50.7 ％,38/75 cases),bulbar paralysis (9.3 ％,7/75 cases) and fever(66.7％,50/75 cases) also appeared in the process.Seventy cases had spinal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) exams,in which 61 showed abnormal signal and T2-weighted hyperintensities could be found.Forty children were followed up successfully and 32 of which had a good outcome.Factors associated with poor outcome included spinal shock(P =0.001),the duration of spinal shock beyond 2 weeks (P =0.015),low score of maximal neurologic defect (9.25 ± 0.89 vs 14.03 ± 2.87,P =0.000),plateau period ≥ 12 days (P =0.004),the time to maximal defect ≤ 24 hours(P=0.029),fever in initial stage(P =0.029),and being female(P =0.021).Conclusions Acute idiopathic myelitis was mainly manifested by weakness.Autonomic dysfunction happened more commonly than sensory abnormity.Some patients suffered bulbar paralysis during the couse of the disease.Spinal MRI signal usually changed on T2-weight sequences.Meanwhile,identifying the factors associated with poor outcome as early as possible is beneficial to preliminary evaluation and active treatment.