1.A Novel Endoscopic Mouthpiece for COVID-19 Prevention
Takuto HIKICHI ; Nakamura JUN ; Koichi HAMADA ; Daiki NEMOTO
Clinical Endoscopy 2022;55(1):160-162
3.Interleukin-34 cancels anti-tumor immunity by PARP inhibitor
Takayoshi NAKAMURA ; Nabeel KAJIHARA ; Naoki HAMA ; Takuto KOBAYASHI ; Ryo OTSUKA ; Nanumi HAN ; Haruka WADA ; Yoshinori HASEGAWA ; Nao SUZUKI ; Ken-ichiro SEINO
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology 2023;34(3):e25-
Objective:
Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1)-associated ovarian cancer patients have been treated with A poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, extending the progression-free survival; however, they finally acquire therapeutic resistance. Interleukin (IL)-34 has been reported as a poor prognostic factor in several cancers, including ovarian cancer, and it contributes to the therapeutic resistance of chemotherapies. IL-34 may affect the therapeutic effect of PARP inhibitor through the regulation of tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods:
In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set was used to evaluate the prognosis of IL-34 and human ovarian serous carcinoma. We also used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology in a mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of PARP inhibitor therapy in the presence or absence of IL-34.
Results:
We found that IL34 was an independent poor prognostic factor in ovarian serous carcinoma, and its high expression significantly shortens overall survival. Furthermore, in BRCA1-associated ovarian cancer, PARP inhibitor therapy contributes to anti-tumor immunity via the XCR1+ DC-CD8+ T cell axis, however, it is canceled by the presence of IL-34.
Conclusion
These results suggest that tumor-derived IL-34 benefits tumors by creating an immunosuppressive TME and conferring PARP inhibitor therapeutic resistance. Thus, we showed the pathological effect of IL-34 and the need for it as a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
4.A multicenter comparative study of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy using a Franseen needle versus conventional endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration to evaluate microsatellite instability in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer
Tadayuki TAKAGI ; Mitsuru SUGIMOTO ; Hidemichi IMAMURA ; Yosuke TAKAHATA ; Yuki NAKAJIMA ; Rei SUZUKI ; Naoki KONNO ; Hiroyuki ASAMA ; Yuki SATO ; Hiroki IRIE ; Jun NAKAMURA ; Mika TAKASUMI ; Minami HASHIMOTO ; Tsunetaka KATO ; Ryoichiro KOBASHI ; Yuko HASHIMOTO ; Goro SHIBUKAWA ; Shigeru MARUBASHI ; Takuto HIKICHI ; Hiromasa OHIRA
Clinical Endoscopy 2023;56(1):107-113
Background/Aims:
Immune checkpoint blockade has recently been reported to be effective in treating microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumors. Therefore, sufficient sampling of histological specimens is necessary in cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer (UR-PC). This multicenter study investigated the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) using a Franseen needle for MSI evaluation in patients with UR-PC.
Methods:
A total of 89 patients with UR-PC who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) or EUS-FNB using 22-G needles at three hospitals in Japan (2018–2021) were enrolled. Fifty-six of these patients (FNB 23 and FNA 33) were followed up or evaluated for MSI. Patient characteristics, UR-PC data, and procedural outcomes were compared between patients who underwent EUS-FNB and those who underwent EUS-FNA.
Results:
No significant difference in terms of sufficient tissue acquisition for histology was observed between patients who underwent EUS-FNB and those who underwent EUS-FNA. MSI evaluation was possible significantly more with tissue samples obtained using EUS-FNB than with tissue samples obtained using EUS-FNA (82.6% [19/23] vs. 45.5% [15/33], respectively; p<0.01). In the multivariate analysis, EUS-FNB was the only significant factor influencing the possibility of MSI evaluation.
Conclusions
EUS-FNB using a Franseen needle is desirable for ensuring sufficient tissue acquisition for MSI evaluation.
5.Autologous Blood Donation for Patients With Low-Lying Placenta
Heisuke HIROWATARI ; Shigeru TODA ; Mai FUJIKURA ; Keita KURODA ; Mayuko BANDO ; Komei KATAYAMA ; Maya HANATANI ; Takuto NAKAMURA ; Aya SOBAJIMA ; Hiromi FUJIKI ; Akiko FUKATSU ; Takayasu SUGANUMA ; Takahiro SUZUKI
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 2021;70(4):354-359
This study was undertaken to elucidate the usefulness and problems of autologous blooddonation for the patients with low-lying placenta. Seventy-eight women with low-lying placentawho gave birth in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Autologous blood donation wasperformed in 58 patients (74%). The median volume of donated blood was 300 mL. Patients withor without autologous blood donation showed no significant difference in the distance betweenthe edge of the placenta and the internal os of the uterus. Median blood loss due to intrapartumhemorrhage was 1183 mL. All 7 patients with blood loss of more than 2000 mL had donatedautologous blood. The donated blood was transfused in 9 of the 58 patients (16%) who underwentautologous blood donation. No patients underwent allogenic blood transfusion. Althoughautologous blood donation was expected to be useful for avoiding allogenic blood transfusion inthese patients with low-lying placenta, the high discard rate suggests the need for a strategy toselect those patients at high risk for blood loss requiring transfusion.