No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Antihypertensive effect and safety of the newer, long acting, nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, were studied. METHODS: Twenty eight patients of mild to moderate essential hypertension were administered 10-20mg of lisinopril once daily for ten weeks. Patients were evaluated every two weeks concerning the changes of blood pressure and pulse rate in the sitting position and also any untoward sumptoms and signs attributable to the side effect. Chest X-rey, ECG and laboratory examination were performed in principle two times before and after the completion of medication. RESULTS: The blood pressure declined from 165.4/107.6mmHg to 141.3/92.4mmHg at the end of ten weeks of medication, thus the reduction of 24.1mmHg of systolic pressure and 15.2mmHg of diastolic pressure were observed and the overall effective rate was 85.7%. The pulse rate and laboratory findings were not sigificantly changed before and after the administration of lisinopril. The side effects were observed in 2 cases(7.1%) of mild dry cough and in 2 cases(7.1%) of transitory mild headache and in 1 case(3.6%) of dizziness but no one discontinued medication due to adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Lisinopril proved effective and safe in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Blood Pressure ; Cough ; Dizziness ; Electrocardiography ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Lisinopril* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Thorax

A 36-year old Korean woman consulted a clinic for a regular gynecological examination, and a mass was noticed in her pelvis. She was referred to the Asan Medical Center, Seoul where transvaginal ultrasonography confirmed a pelvic mass exceeding 10 cm in diameter. She received total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingoophorectomy, and a borderline serous neoplasm with micropapillary features involving the left ovary and right ovarian serosa was histopathologically confirmed. In addition, a section of a nematode with numerous eggs was found in the parenchyma of the left ovary. The worm had degenerated but the eggs were well-preserved and were identified as those of Enterobius vermicularis. She is an incidentally recognized case of ovarian enterobiasis.
Adult ; Animals ; Enterobiasis/diagnosis/*parasitology/pathology ; Enterobius/isolation & purification ; Female ; Human ; Korea ; Ovarian Diseases/diagnosis/*parasitology/pathology ; Ovary/parasitology ; Parasite Egg Count

PURPOSE: We compared pathogen recovery rates by obtaining two blood cultures instead of one blood culture containing 1ml and collecting a larger volume, 1 to 3ml. METHODS: Total of 750 blood specimens from 250 patients with fever, a temperature higher than 39degrees C and suspected bacteremia were obtained. Each patient had two samples of blood, A (1ml) and B (4ml), obtained at 30-minute interval from separate sites of extremities and B was divided into B1 (1ml) and B2 (3ml). Each sample was inoculated into aerobic culture media. Patients were excluded if two samples of blood were not obtained or if the isolate represented a contaminant. RESULTS: A pathogen was isolated in 19 (7.6%) of 250 patients and 37 (4.9%) of 750 specimens. In 7 patients, the pathogen was isolated with all the culture methods and in 12 patients, one or more of the cultures yielded no growth. The pathogen recovery rates were 53% (10/19) in A and B1, 89% (17/19) in B2 and 68% (13/19) in A+B1. No difference was detected between A or B1 and A+B1 (P>0.05) and the pathogen recovery rate for B2 was significantly greater than that for A or B1 (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in pathogen recovery when B2 was compared with A+B1. CONCLUSION: Increasing volume of blood from 1 to 3ml inoculated into blood culture bottles improves detection of bacteremia in pediatric patients and spares patients the cost and pain of an additional venipuncture.
Bacteremia* ; Child* ; Culture Media ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Phlebotomy

PURPOSE: We compared pathogen recovery rates by obtaining two blood cultures instead of one blood culture containing 1ml and collecting a larger volume, 1 to 3ml. METHODS: Total of 750 blood specimens from 250 patients with fever, a temperature higher than 39degrees C and suspected bacteremia were obtained. Each patient had two samples of blood, A (1ml) and B (4ml), obtained at 30-minute interval from separate sites of extremities and B was divided into B1 (1ml) and B2 (3ml). Each sample was inoculated into aerobic culture media. Patients were excluded if two samples of blood were not obtained or if the isolate represented a contaminant. RESULTS: A pathogen was isolated in 19 (7.6%) of 250 patients and 37 (4.9%) of 750 specimens. In 7 patients, the pathogen was isolated with all the culture methods and in 12 patients, one or more of the cultures yielded no growth. The pathogen recovery rates were 53% (10/19) in A and B1, 89% (17/19) in B2 and 68% (13/19) in A+B1. No difference was detected between A or B1 and A+B1 (P>0.05) and the pathogen recovery rate for B2 was significantly greater than that for A or B1 (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in pathogen recovery when B2 was compared with A+B1. CONCLUSION: Increasing volume of blood from 1 to 3ml inoculated into blood culture bottles improves detection of bacteremia in pediatric patients and spares patients the cost and pain of an additional venipuncture.
Bacteremia* ; Child* ; Culture Media ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Phlebotomy

Background: Several studies have investigated the morphological risk factors contributing to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. However, no study has focused on the injury patterns of intrasubstance tears or tibial avulsion fractures in relation to morphologies and regional bone quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the knee morphology and regional bone quality of the proximal tibia on the PCL injury pattern. Methods: This retrospective study compared the radiological features of 76 patients with PCL injuries (PI group) and 76 matched patients with normal PCL (control group). The PI group was divided into 2 subgroups: PCL avulsion fracture (PAF subgroup; n = 43) and PCL intrasubstance tear (PIT subgroup; n = 33). Measurements included the coronal notch width index, coronal tibial slope, medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes, and medial tibial depth. Three Hounsfield unit average measurements were taken from the proximal tibia around the PCL insertion site to create a summative measure of overall bone quality. Results: The medial tibial depth and coronal notch width index were significantly lower in the PI group than those in the control group (medial tibial depth: 2.04 ± 0.77 vs. 3.02 ± 1.04, p = 0.017; coronal notch width index: 0.21 ± 0.03 vs. 0.24 ± 0.03, p = 0.041). In the subgroup analysis, medial tibial depth and Hounsfield unit were significantly lower in the PAF subgroup than in the PIT subgroup (medial tibial depth: 1.74 ± 0.66 vs. 2.43 ± 0.77, p = 0.008, Hounsfield unit: 89.48 ± 31.73 vs. 120.15 ± 29.24, p = 0.004). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that medial tibial depth (odds ratio [OR], 0.161; p < 0.001) and Hounsfield unit (OR, 0.950;p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PCL tibial avulsion fractures. Conclusions Lower notch width index and medial tibial depth are associated with PCL injuries. Shallower medial tibial depth and lower Hounsfield unit measurements around the PCL insertion site were associated with an increased incidence of PCL avulsion fractures. These findings may assist clinicians in identifying patients at risk of distinct PCL injury patterns.

Background: Several studies have investigated the morphological risk factors contributing to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. However, no study has focused on the injury patterns of intrasubstance tears or tibial avulsion fractures in relation to morphologies and regional bone quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the knee morphology and regional bone quality of the proximal tibia on the PCL injury pattern. Methods: This retrospective study compared the radiological features of 76 patients with PCL injuries (PI group) and 76 matched patients with normal PCL (control group). The PI group was divided into 2 subgroups: PCL avulsion fracture (PAF subgroup; n = 43) and PCL intrasubstance tear (PIT subgroup; n = 33). Measurements included the coronal notch width index, coronal tibial slope, medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes, and medial tibial depth. Three Hounsfield unit average measurements were taken from the proximal tibia around the PCL insertion site to create a summative measure of overall bone quality. Results: The medial tibial depth and coronal notch width index were significantly lower in the PI group than those in the control group (medial tibial depth: 2.04 ± 0.77 vs. 3.02 ± 1.04, p = 0.017; coronal notch width index: 0.21 ± 0.03 vs. 0.24 ± 0.03, p = 0.041). In the subgroup analysis, medial tibial depth and Hounsfield unit were significantly lower in the PAF subgroup than in the PIT subgroup (medial tibial depth: 1.74 ± 0.66 vs. 2.43 ± 0.77, p = 0.008, Hounsfield unit: 89.48 ± 31.73 vs. 120.15 ± 29.24, p = 0.004). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that medial tibial depth (odds ratio [OR], 0.161; p < 0.001) and Hounsfield unit (OR, 0.950;p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PCL tibial avulsion fractures. Conclusions Lower notch width index and medial tibial depth are associated with PCL injuries. Shallower medial tibial depth and lower Hounsfield unit measurements around the PCL insertion site were associated with an increased incidence of PCL avulsion fractures. These findings may assist clinicians in identifying patients at risk of distinct PCL injury patterns.

Background: Several studies have investigated the morphological risk factors contributing to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. However, no study has focused on the injury patterns of intrasubstance tears or tibial avulsion fractures in relation to morphologies and regional bone quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the knee morphology and regional bone quality of the proximal tibia on the PCL injury pattern. Methods: This retrospective study compared the radiological features of 76 patients with PCL injuries (PI group) and 76 matched patients with normal PCL (control group). The PI group was divided into 2 subgroups: PCL avulsion fracture (PAF subgroup; n = 43) and PCL intrasubstance tear (PIT subgroup; n = 33). Measurements included the coronal notch width index, coronal tibial slope, medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes, and medial tibial depth. Three Hounsfield unit average measurements were taken from the proximal tibia around the PCL insertion site to create a summative measure of overall bone quality. Results: The medial tibial depth and coronal notch width index were significantly lower in the PI group than those in the control group (medial tibial depth: 2.04 ± 0.77 vs. 3.02 ± 1.04, p = 0.017; coronal notch width index: 0.21 ± 0.03 vs. 0.24 ± 0.03, p = 0.041). In the subgroup analysis, medial tibial depth and Hounsfield unit were significantly lower in the PAF subgroup than in the PIT subgroup (medial tibial depth: 1.74 ± 0.66 vs. 2.43 ± 0.77, p = 0.008, Hounsfield unit: 89.48 ± 31.73 vs. 120.15 ± 29.24, p = 0.004). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that medial tibial depth (odds ratio [OR], 0.161; p < 0.001) and Hounsfield unit (OR, 0.950;p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PCL tibial avulsion fractures. Conclusions Lower notch width index and medial tibial depth are associated with PCL injuries. Shallower medial tibial depth and lower Hounsfield unit measurements around the PCL insertion site were associated with an increased incidence of PCL avulsion fractures. These findings may assist clinicians in identifying patients at risk of distinct PCL injury patterns.

Background: Several studies have investigated the morphological risk factors contributing to posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury. However, no study has focused on the injury patterns of intrasubstance tears or tibial avulsion fractures in relation to morphologies and regional bone quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the knee morphology and regional bone quality of the proximal tibia on the PCL injury pattern. Methods: This retrospective study compared the radiological features of 76 patients with PCL injuries (PI group) and 76 matched patients with normal PCL (control group). The PI group was divided into 2 subgroups: PCL avulsion fracture (PAF subgroup; n = 43) and PCL intrasubstance tear (PIT subgroup; n = 33). Measurements included the coronal notch width index, coronal tibial slope, medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes, and medial tibial depth. Three Hounsfield unit average measurements were taken from the proximal tibia around the PCL insertion site to create a summative measure of overall bone quality. Results: The medial tibial depth and coronal notch width index were significantly lower in the PI group than those in the control group (medial tibial depth: 2.04 ± 0.77 vs. 3.02 ± 1.04, p = 0.017; coronal notch width index: 0.21 ± 0.03 vs. 0.24 ± 0.03, p = 0.041). In the subgroup analysis, medial tibial depth and Hounsfield unit were significantly lower in the PAF subgroup than in the PIT subgroup (medial tibial depth: 1.74 ± 0.66 vs. 2.43 ± 0.77, p = 0.008, Hounsfield unit: 89.48 ± 31.73 vs. 120.15 ± 29.24, p = 0.004). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that medial tibial depth (odds ratio [OR], 0.161; p < 0.001) and Hounsfield unit (OR, 0.950;p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PCL tibial avulsion fractures. Conclusions Lower notch width index and medial tibial depth are associated with PCL injuries. Shallower medial tibial depth and lower Hounsfield unit measurements around the PCL insertion site were associated with an increased incidence of PCL avulsion fractures. These findings may assist clinicians in identifying patients at risk of distinct PCL injury patterns.

Infections of Toxoplasma gondii and Babesia microti are reported in many wild animals worldwide, but information on their incidence and molecular detection in Korean wild fields is limited. In this study, the prevalence of T. gondii and B. microti infection in blood samples of 5 animal species (37 Chinese water deer, 23 raccoon dogs, 6 roe deer, 1 wild boar, and 3 Eurasian badgers) was examined during 2008–2009 in Gangwon-do (Province), the Republic of Korea (=Korea) by using serological and molecular tests. The overall seropositivity of T. gondii was 8.6% (6/70); 10.8% in Chinese water deer, 4.3% in raccoon dogs, and 16.7% in roe deer. PCR revealed only 1 case of T. gondii infection in Chinese water deer, and phylogenic analysis showed that the positive isolate was practically identical to the highly pathogenetic strain type I. In B. microti PCR, the positive rate was 5.7% (4/70), including 2 Chinese water deer and 2 Eurasian badgers. Phylogenetic analysis results of 18S rRNA and the β-tubulin gene showed that all positive isolates were US-type B. microti. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. microti detected in Chinese water deer and Eurasian badger from Korea. These results indicate a potentially high prevalence of T. gondii and B. microti in wild animals of Gangwon-do, Korea. Furthermore, Chinese water deer might act as a reservoir for parasite infections of domestic animals.
Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Animals, Wild* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Babesia microti* ; Babesia* ; Deer ; Gangwon-do* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Mustelidae ; Parasites ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Raccoon Dogs ; Republic of Korea ; Sus scrofa ; Toxoplasma* ; Water