Objective:To investigate the variation of the drug resistance of Escherichia coli(Eco)against antibacterial in clinical specimens in the hospital, and to evaluate the simultaneous use of antibacterial, to explore to provide the reference for the reasonable clinical use of antibacterial. Method:Eco was separated from all kinds of clinical specimens of out-patients and in-patients in the hospital from August of 2005 to April of 2006,and ESBLs was detected with Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method. It was also counted that the antibacterial drugs ranked the first 30 in sales per month and their use frequencies in the same period in the hospital. Result:The detectable rate of producing ESBLs Eco was 58.6%. Eco was completely sensitive to imipenem. It had lower resistance rates, only 2% and 4% , against piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam; and had 59% and 55% resistance rates respectively against cefotaxime claforan and ceftazidime pentahydrate in the third generation cephalosporin. The third generation cephalosporin and quinolones kept high in sales and their use frequencies ranked the first three. The use of the third generation cephalosporin with anhydrase inhibitors also had an uptrend. Conclusion:There is a direct relation between the use of a great deal of antibacterial and the imitative drug resistance of Eco. It is necessary to strengthen its clinical management and to raise the level of drug use.

OBJECTIVE： To study the tonifying spl een effect of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides （CPP） on spleen-deficiency model mice. METHODS ：Totally 60 ICR male mice were randomized into blank group ，model group ，CPP high-dose，medium-dose and low-dose groups [ 1.6，0.8，0.4 g/（kg·d）]，Sijunzi tang （SJZT）group [ 30 g/（kg·d），by crude drug] ， with 10 mice in each group. Except for blank group ，other groups were given Sennae Folium solution intragastrically （0.4 g/d）to establish spleen-deficiency model. After modeling ，administration groups were given relevant drug intragastrically ，and blank group and model group were given 20 mL/kg normal saline intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. After last administration，body weight of mice in each group was measured and their general behavioral characteristics were observed. The red blood cell count in whole blood were recorded ，and the contents of D-xylose，gastrin（GAS），motilin（MTL），somatostatin （SS），vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP），amylase（AMS），immunoglobulin（IgG and IgM ）and lipopolysaccharide （LPS）in serum were determined ；mRNA and protein expressions of Claudin and Occludin in colon tissues of mice were also detected. RESULTS：Compared with blank group ，body weight of mice in model group was significantly decreased （P＜0.05），and the spleen deficiency symptoms such as sparse back hair and no luster appeared ；the red blood cell count in whole blood ，serum contents of D-xylose，SS，VIP，AMS，IgG and IgM ，mRNA and protein expressions of Claudin and Occludin were significantly decreased（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；serum contents of GAS ，MTL and LPS were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，the body weight of mice were increased significantly in CPP high-dose group （P＜0.05），and spleen-deficiency symptom was improved significantly. Except for the serum contents of D-xylose and IgM ，the protein expressions of Claudin and Occludin in colon tissue had no statistical significance in CPP low-dose group （P＞0.05），above indexes of other groups w ere improved significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSION ：CPP can i mprove spleen-defic iency model mice induced by Sennae Folium，the mechanism of which may be associated with regulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion ， enhancing immunity and protecting intestinal mucosal barrier.

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is expressed differently in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. Since its expression and regulatory mechanism remain unclear, whether HSP70 can help with the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of HCC has become a hot research topic. This article reviews the source of HSP70 and its family, abnormal expression of HSP70 in HCC, and its association with treatment methods and prognostic evaluation of HCC, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal bevacizumab(IVB)and ranibizumab(IVR)for the treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)by Meta-analysis.

METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CQVIP, CBM, OVID and Wanfang were systematically searched. All comparative studies of IVB or IVR as treatment for ROP were included. Two independent reviewers performed the date extraction and assessed study quality. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. The retreatment rate was defined as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were prevalence of complete vascularization and myopic(spherical equivalent, SE).

RESULTS: Eight non-randomized studies, including a total of 885 eyes were included in this study. Compared with IVB-treated children, IVR-treated children have higher retreatment rate \〖OR=0.55, 95% CI:0.34-0.88, P<0.05\〗, less spherical equivalent \〖WMD= -1.44, 95% CI: -2.28 to -0.00, P<0.05\〗, and the same percentage of complete vascularization \〖OR=2.15, 95% CI: 0.80-0.576, P>0.05\〗.

CONCLUSION: Both IVR and IVB can complete the vasculization of the retina in the treatment of type 1 ROP, but the two treatments have their own advantages. IVR has little effect on the refractive effect in children, but its effect in reducing the retreatment rate is worse than IVB.

Objective: To investigate the mid-term outcomes of the dual mobility total hip prosthesis in primary total hip arthroplasty. Methods: A total of 101 patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty with dual mobility total hip prosthesis from May 2010 to March 2013 were enrolled in the present study with complete follow-up information. There were 56 females and 45 males with the mean age of 66.36 years (rang from 58 to 77 years). There were 35 patients with femoral neck fracture, 33 patients with femoral head necrosis, 10 patients with hip osteoarthritis, 18 patients with secondary osteoarthritis to hip dysplasia and 5 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The dual mobility total hip prosthesis was used for all 101 patients by the posterior-lateral approach of hip joint. Harris hip score was used to evaluate the clinical effects. Radiographic analysis was also performed to evaluate the biological fixation effects of the prosthesis, dislocation of the prosthesis, osteolysis and migration of the acetabular cup. Results: The mean operation duration was 80.68±6.59 min (range from 70 to 90 min). The average blood loss during the operation was 180.67±18.76 ml (range from 150 to 200 ml). All incisions were healed at the first stage. All patients were followed up with an average of 65±3 months (range from 62 to 75 months). Harris hip score improved from 56.70±16.71 before surgery to 94.26±1.91 at the last follow-up. The differences among different follow-up times were of statistical significance. The Hip flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, and internal and external rotation improved from 86.67°±16.70°, 34.06°±7.05°, 34.53°±7.45° preoperatively to 141.73°±6.56°, 57.06°±3.83°, 75.18°±4.00° at the last follow-up, respectively. At 3 months after the operation, the X-ray showed satisfied bone integration. There were no acetabular and femoral shaft fractures, sciatic nerve, femoral artery and vein injuries during the operation, and no joint dislocation, prosthesis loosening, infection and deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs during the postoperative and follow-up duration. Conclusion The dual mobility total hip prosthesis has the advantages in good initial and middle stability, rapid bone growth, low dislocation rate and repid recovery of postoperative motion range. It is suitable for patients over 65 years old or younger patients with postoperatively high dislocation.

ObjectiveThe transcriptome characteristics of different tissues of Codonopsis pilosula were analyzed to illustrate the genetic basis of the accumulation of active ingredients in the root of C. pilosula， and to provide theoretical basis for its high-quality production and cultivation. MethodDifferent tissues of C. pilosula at flowering stage were selected as experimental materials， and the contents of tangshenoside Ⅰ， lobetyolin and atractylenolide Ⅲ were detected by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. RNA-Seq was used to perform transcriptome sequencing of different tissues， and the differentially expressed genes were screened and analyzed by Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Gene and Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment analysis， in order to explore the characteristics of active compound distribution and the transcriptional profiles. ResultThe contents of polysaccharides and tangshenoside Ⅰ in the root of C. pilosula were significantly higher than those in other tissues. The transcriptional profiles of the root were significantly different from those of stem， leaf and flower. Cluster analysis， GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differential gene expression showed that the differential expression genes were mainly enriched in flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis， sucrose-starch metabolism， plant hormone signal transduction， plant-pathogen interaction， mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） cascade signal transduction， Adenosine triphosphate（ATP）-binding cassette（ABC） transporter and other pathways. The expression of genes related to biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds were significantly up-regulated in the roots and flowers， and ABC transporter proteins were mostly highly expressed in the flowers. The expression of key enzyme genes for polysaccharide synthesis， such as sucrose：sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase（1-SST） and fructan 1-exohydrolase（1-Feh）， were significantly up-regulated in the roots， and a large number of stress-responsive genes closely related to the accumulation of secondary metabolites were significantly up-regulated in the roots. ConclusionThe active compound content and transcriptional profiles in C. pilosula roots were significantly different from those in stem， leaf， flower and other tissues， showing tissue specificity. Meanwhile， the genes related to stress response and biosynthesis of active compound， such as fructan and phenylpropanoid compounds， were up-regulated in roots of C. pilosula.

Objective Based on the measurement of the ambient dose equivalent rate of points around the novel self-shielding Zap-X radiotherapy system, its self-shielding effect was evaluated and analyzed, and suggestions were proposed for the revision and improvement of related standards in China. Methods The ambient dose equivalent rates were measured at 15 points around the Zap-X system under 6 system operating conditions. The radiation shielding effect of the Zap-X system was evaluated according to the domestic and international radiation protection standards of radiotherapy equipment. Results Measurement of ambient dose equivalent rate and dose evaluation showed that the shielding effect of the Zap-X system met the requirements of international standards, but the dose rates at some points failed to satisfy the reference control levels in the domestic standards. Conclusion Without the shielded treatment room, the self-shielding effect of the Zap-X radiotherapy system is insufficient to meet the requirements of domestic standards for radiation safety and protection. The system should be operated in the treatment room to meet domestic standards.

Objective: To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods: A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years old) were selected by random overall sampling method in six major administrative regions in China.The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) was used for mental sub-health test.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationship between different nutritional status and mental sub-health. Results: The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status in the adolescents with normal BMI group was 18.5%, while those in the lean, overweight and obese groups were 22.3%, 38.7%, and 44.7%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the normal BMI group(χ2=478.68，P<0.05).After adjusted for gender and age, the Logistic regression model showed that compared with those with normal BMI, those who were thin (OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.09-1.30), overweight (OR=2.76, 95%CI=2.47-3.09) and obese(OR=3.43, 95%CI=2.83-4.15) had increased risk of mental sub-health. Conclusion The nutritional status of Chinese adolescents in significantly related to mental sub-heatlh,hose who are underweight, overweight and obese have significantly higher risks of mental sub-health than those who are normal.Improvement of nutritional status of adolescents is beneficial to healthy adolescent development.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical method of plerosising intra-orbital wall blow-out fracture through ethmoid sinuses under trans-nasal endoscopy with the graft of nasal septal cartilage. METHOD: Eighteen patients who encounter the intra-orbital wall blow-out fracture were plerosised under trans-nasal endoscopy through ethmoid sinuses. As a part of the surgical method, the nasal septal cartilage was taken as the graft. We analyzed the curative effect of the method. RESULT: The follow-up was from half a year to one year, all of the 18 patients met the cure standards without the graft prolapsus. CONCLUSION It is a feasible surgical method to plerosis intra-orbital wall blow-out fracture under the endoscopic transnasal with the graft of nasal septal cartilage through ethmoid sinuses, which is direct-viewing,micro- trauma, well-histocompatibility and so on.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cartilages ; surgery ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Young Adult

Image-guided targeted biopsy is currently the mainstream method of prostate cancer puncture biopsy, while risk stratification based on imaging and biochemical markers may become the new standard. This paper comprehensively reviews the latest advancements in various imaging techniques and strategies of targeted prostate biopsy. Ultrasound-assisted prostate biopsy mainly includes transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), transrectal-contrast enhanced ultrasound (TR-CEUS), and transrectal real-time elastography (TRTE), which can significantly increase the diagnosis rate of prostate cancer when combined with biopsy. Three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound (3D-TRUS) technology may be used in patients with a negative previous biopsy. At present, micro-ultrasound (Micro-US), the latest ultrasound method, is not inferior to mp-MRI in targeted biopsy of the prostate. Targeted biopsy by mp-MRI has improved the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), and the common NMR targeted technologies are magnetic resonance imaging-visual-targeted biopsy (MRI-visual-TB), magnetic resonance imaging-fusion-targeted biopsy (MRI-fusion-TB), and in-bore magnetic resonance imaging-target biopsy (MRI-TB). The fusion of MRI and Micro-US imaging for targeted biopsy has also become a new targeted biopsy method, and MR robot-assisted biopsy is gradually being applied. PET/CT improves localization of tumors and may be valuable for initial staging, re-staging after biochemical recurrence, even in patients with MRI-negative prostate cancer. PET/CT targeted biopsy using tracer has been shown to yield good diagnostic efficacy. PET/MRI technology has the potential to be the imaging test for needle-free biopsies in the future. The development of technology has led to the adaptation and optimization of biopsy strategies in clinical practice.