Objective To summarize clinical experience of reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum after corrosive esophageal burns and to explore the treatment for its complications.Methods Clinical data of 65 cases with esophageal scarred stricture after corrosive burns receiving reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum were reviewed,56 of them by end-to-end anastomosis between transpositional anterograde peristaltic colon and esophagus,seven by end-to- end anastomosis between transpositional anterograde peristaltic colon and pharyngeal fundus,and two by end- to-end anastomosis between transpositional reversed peristaltic colon and esophagus,to summarize treatment experiences in pre-operation,operation and post-operation.Results Fifty-one of this group of patients recovered and discharged form the hospital smoothly,12 with cervical anastomotic leakage after operation including two cured by re-operation and ten cured by conservative treatment,and two with necrosis of transpositional colon including one died during operation and the other cured.Conclusions Corrosive burns of esophagus can be cured by leaving scarred stricture esophagus open without resection,and the effectiveness of reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum is satisfactory with good pre-operative preparation,correct surgical operation,and correct post-operative treatment.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ADAM33 T1, S2 gene polymorphism and Bronchial asthma risk in china. Methods We retrived the relevant published studies about ADAM33 T1, S2 gene polymorphism and bronchial asthma risk. Then we divided the population into Chinese and other Asian population. Odds ratio (OR) of Case group and control group was selected as the effect index. Stata 11.0 software was used to calculate heterogeneity test, ORs and 95%CI of two areas, and gave the forest plot and funnel plot of meta results. Results A total of 27 studies were included in this analysis,18 studies in ADAM33 T1 site were 3881 cases in case group, and 3780 cases in control group;and 14 studies in ADAM33 S2 site were 3222 cases in case group, and 3513 cases in control group. Additive model, dominant model, recessive model of ADAM33 T1 in Chinese had association with the susceptibility of bronchial asthma. The results were OR=1.488, 95% CI:1.002-2.167 in Additive model, OR=1.619, 95%CI:1.059-2.475 in dominant model;OR=2.523, 95%CI:1.910-3.333 in recessive model. Three models of ADAM33 T1 in other Asian country had no association with the susceptibility of Bronchial Asthma. Three gene model of ADAM33 S2 in Asian had no association with bronchial asthma susceptibility. Except ADAM33 T1 polymorphism in recessive model, other mode of T1, S2 had no publication bias in Chinese population. Conclusion There are association between ADAM33 T1 gene polymorphism and bronchial asthma, but ADAM33 S2 gene polymorphism and bronchial asthma have no association in Chinese population.

Objective To establish high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD) method for the determination for metanephrine and normetanephrine in 24 h urine, and provide a superior test for the diagnostic of pheochromocytomas over plasma/urine catecholamine.Methods MCX solid-phase cartridge was used for extraction of metanephrine and normetanephrine,HPLC-ECD was used for their measurements.The intra-assay CVs,interassay CVs and recoveries of metanephrine and normetanephrine were also calculated.104 hypertensive patients without pheochromocytomas and 5 pheochromocytomas patients were selected in this study.The concentrations of metanephrine and normetanephrine were compared with the plasma and 24h urinary catecholamines concentrations.Results The intra-assay CV,inter-assay CV and recovery of metanephrine were 5.9%, 7.5%,91.1% respectively;the intra-assay CV,inter-assay CV and recovery of normetanephrine were 6.3%,6.6%,88.5%,respectively.The MN,NMN,plasma CA and urine CA of all pheochromocytomas patients were positive.MN and NMN were negative in controls,while plasma CA and urine CA are false positive in 15 patients and 14 patients in controls,respectively.Conclusions The study establish a fast and accurate method for quantification of metanephrine and normetanephrine in 24 h urine by HPLC-ECD.These findings also prove that it is the best biochemical assays for pheochromocytomas at present.

UNLABELLEDTo establish a sensitive and accurate method to study the pharmacokinetics of (-)-clausenamide [(-)-clau] and its major metabolite 6-hydroxyl-clausenamide (6-OH-clau) in the plasma of the Beagle dog.

METHODS(-)-Clau was orally administered to six Beagle dogs at the dose of 30 mg x kg(-1), venous blood from front leg was sampled and plasma was separated for analysis. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the plasma samples were analyzed by HPLC/MS and the mobile phase was a mixture of methanol-water-acetic acid (60: 40: 0. 8) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The API-ES positive ion SIM detection was carried out for the detection of both (-)-clau ([M + H] (+), m/z 298 ) and 6-OH-clau ([M + H - H2 O](+), m/z 296) with glipzide (glip) ([M + H](+), m/z 446) as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 software.

RESULTSThere was good linear relationship ( r > 0. 999) between the SIM responses and the concentrations for (-)-clau and 6-OH-clau at the range from 1.0 to 200 ng x mL(-1) and 0.2 to 40.0 ng x mL(-1), respectively. The absolute recovery was greater than 85%. The plasma concentration-time curves of (-)-clau and 6-OH-clau were both best fitted to a two-compartment model. The C(max) of (-)-clau and 6-OH-clau were (21 +/- 10) ng x mL(-1) and (3.9 +/- 2.2) ng x mL(-1), T(max) were (0.8 +/- 0.5) h and (1.3 +/- 0.5) h, T 1/2 alpha were (0.9 +/- 0.6) hand (1.4 +/- 0.6) h, T 1/2 beta were (19 +/- 23) hand (13 +/- 12) h, AUC(0-24 h) were (69 +/- 14) h x ng x mL(-1) and (12 +/- 7) h x ng x mL(-1) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe established HPLC/MS method was sensitive and specific for the determination of (-)-clau. It was shown that the absorption and first phase elimination of (-)-clau were very quick in Beagle dogs, but the terminal elimination was very slow. The plasma concentration profile of its major metabolite 6-OH-clau was similar to (-)-clau and the AUC was relatively small in comparison with (-)-clau.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Dogs ; Female ; Lactams ; blood ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Lignans ; blood ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rutaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Stereoisomerism

To investigate the principal metabolites of 1-(1-(6-methoxyl-2-naphthyl) ethyl)-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (code designation: P91024) in rats after ig administration by LC-MS/MS, the phase I metabolites were discovered by comparing the fullscan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks. The structures of phase I metabolites were identified by ESI-MS spectra and the product spectra of the corresponding adduct ions. The phase II metabolites were identified in the test samples after the phase I metabolites were completely removed with solvent extraction and then treated with glucuronidase for enzymolysis of phase II glucuronide conjugates and the hydrolysates. Two phase I metabolites of P91024 were identified in rat feces, one phase I and five phase II in bile, one phase I and three phase II in urine, and four phase I and one phase II in plasma. Their structures were elucidated, separately. P91024 was extensively metabolized in rat. The metabolites can be easily screened and identified by LC-MS/MS method.
Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine

To study the photo-degradation products of 1-[1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) ethyl]-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (code designation: P91024). The chemical structures of the major photo-degradation products of P91024 were identified by HPLC-MS and spectroscopic methods, and their reference substances were also synthesized for confirmation. The three major photo-degradation products were identified to be N-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-3, 4-dihydroisoquinoline bromide, 1-[1-(6-methoxyl-2-naphthyl) ethyl]-6, 7-dimethoxyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and 2-isopropyl-6-methoxyl-naphthalene, respectively.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Photolysis ; Quality Control ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; chemistry

The pharmacokinetics of the main components of protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone II(A), cryptotanshinone, and the hydrophilic or lipophilic extracts of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge., in rat plasma were studied after oral administration separately to explore the interactions between them. Some components in the hydrophilic extract depress the absorption of the protocatechualdehyde, on the contrary, enhance the absorption of the salvianolic acid B and depress its elimination rate. The concomitant components in the lipophilic extract might enhance the absorption of cryptotanshinone and its distribution from the centre compartment to the peripheral compartment, and the metabolism to tanshinone II(A). The 'concomitant components' in the extract of Chinese material medica had significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of its 'marker components'. It can not only be rival, synergic, but also have the effects on metabolism. Therefore the traditional Chinese medicine was a complicated system, It should be taken a scientific and dialectic view in the research and development processes.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Benzaldehydes ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Benzofurans ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Catechols ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Molecular Structure ; Phenanthrenes ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Plant Extracts ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is usually used for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures,which has various advantages such as easy to operate, short operation time, less trauma, rapid recovery,analgesic effect and so on. But its application is restricted due to nerve compression symptoms and pulmonary embolism caused by bone cement leakage. Thereafter, how to reduce the leakage of bone cement is an issue of concern.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the lumbar quantitative computed tomography (QCT) values and contrast agent dispersion in osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS: Sixty cases of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures undergoing PVP were enrolled, and received QCT examination before surgery, and contrast agent was injected intraoperatively. X-ray examination was conducted to detect the bone mineral density, contrast agent dispersion and leakage of bone cement, and the relationship between the lumbar QCT values and contrast agent dispersion as well as leakage of bone cement.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were 110 vertebral fractures, and 74 vertebrae with contrast agent diffusing more than vertebral midline, accounting for 67.3%. There was significant difference in the contrast agent dispersion among groups (P < 0.05). (2) The bone cement leakage showed no significant difference among groups after injected with bone cement by unilateral or bilateral approach (P > 0.05). (3) These results suggest that contrast agent dispersion in osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures has a certain relationship with the lumbar QCT values, and lumbar QCT values with more contrast agent dispersion, but the lumbar QCT values have no correlation with bone cement leakage. Therefore, choosing a appropriate approach based on the QCT values and contrast agent dispersion can reduce leakage and improve the safety of PVP.

To investigate the effects of allicin on rats by NMR-based metabonomic method, the changes of endogenous metabolites in normal rat urine and the influences on metabolism were analyzed with bio-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) after intraperitoneal administration of allicin solution. The identified biochemical effects associated with allicin dosing included elevated then gradually recovered urinary levels of Kreb's cycle intermediates, such as citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate and increased concentrations of ketones. Meanwhile, decreased urinary concentrations of glucose, lactate, alanine, hippurate and trimethylamine oxide were observed. The PLS-DA revealed that the metabonomic profiles of allicin treated groups were obviously different from those of the control group. Allicin may change metabolism significantly in normal rats. The study of the pharmacologic mechanism of allicin by metabonomic method is practicable and it could be explored further.
Animals ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfinic Acids ; metabolism ; urine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between mutation in EGFR tyrosine kinase domain and tumor response as well as prognosis in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with iressa.

METHODSFrom May 2002 to Feb. 2005, iressa was orally administered at a dose of 250 mg once daily for 106 advanced stage NSCLC patients until occurrence of disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Cancer tissue was obtained from these patients, and DNA was extracted for analysis of mutation in exon 18 to 24 of EGFR. Exon 18 to 24 of EGFR were amplified by nest PCR, sequenced and analyzed from both sense and antisence directions.

RESULTSPrimary NSCLC tissue specimens consisted of 25 frozen tissue blocks and 81 paraffin-embedded tumor tissue blocks from 106 consecutive NSCLC patients. Mutation was found to be more frequent in the adenocarcinoma than in the squamous cell carcinoma (35.9% vs 14.3%, P =0.033). Mutation was identified in 32 patients (30.2%). Response rate to iressa was 71.9% in the patients with EGFR mutation versus 13.5% in those without mutation (P <0.01). Compared with the patients without EGFR mutation, those with mutation had longer overall survival (median, 13.45 vs. 5.25 months; P<0.01) and median time to progression (median, 8.35 vs. 3.0 months; P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONEGFR mutation may be positively correlated with the response and survival in advanced stage Chinese NSCLC patient treated with iressa.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Exons ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Point Mutation ; Prognosis ; Quinazolines ; therapeutic use ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; Sequence Deletion