Aim To evaluate the effects of pioglitazone,a thiazolidinedione on the heart of diabetic animals.Methods Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were divided into two groups: untreated-DM and treated-DM. Pioglitazone(20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) was mixed in water fed to the diabetic treated group.After 5 wk,the left ventricle mass index(LVI),cardiomyocytes size and diameters,the content of hydroxyproline and collagen volume fraction(CVF) were measured.The left myocardium sections were made for HE,MASSON straining to observe the level of myocardial cells' hypertrophy and the accumulation of collagen individually and were examined by light microscope.Myocardial ultrastructure was studied by electronic microscope.Results Compared with untreated-DM group,the LVI,cardiomyocytes size and diameters,the content of hydroxyproline and CVF were lower in treated-DM group(P

Objective To explore the effect of different cold ischemia (CI)times on the patterns of intra-graft T cell activation gene-3 (TCA-3) expression early after isogeneic half liver transplantation (PLT)in mice. Methods The models of C57BL/6 full-size(FS) and PLT were established.The CI time was 1,4 and 8 h.Specimen were collected at 4 and 24 h post-reperfusion.Ribonuclease protection assays (RPA)was used to evaluate serial mRNA expression of the TCA-3 chemokine in all mice.Histopathology was used to examine cold ischemia injury in the liver grafts. Results A total of 45 control and 30 PLTs were performed.The survival rate at 7 day after control and PLT was 100％.Quantitative analysis demonstrated the levels of TCA-3 mRNA expression were low at 4 h after reperfusion in control group with 1,4,8 h CI.The levels of TCA-3 significandy increased at 4 h after reperfusion in PLT group with CI of 1,4,8 h and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( F =7.41,P ＜ 0.05 ). TCA-3 mRNA expression significantly decreased at 24 h after reperfusion in two groups. But the difference was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ). Histopathology showed severer cold ischemia injury in PLT grafts compared with control grafts. Conclusions The expression of TCA-3 significandy increased early after PLT and played an important role in cold ischemia injury.TCA-3 could be used as the early therapeutic target for reducing ischemia injury in PLT grafts.

Objective To study the clinical value of ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose(~(18)F-FDG) coincidence SPECT imaging in the therapy of malignant lymphoma. Methods Serial ~(18)F-FDG SPECT imaging were performed on 42 patients with malignant lymphoma before and after treatment.The results were compared with other conventional imaging.Patients were divided into two groups. Twenty-seven new-diagnosed patients(group Ⅰ) and 15 operated patients(group Ⅱ) had ~(18)F-FDG imaging pre-and post-chemotherapy. Results(In group Ⅰ,) 15 cases(achieved) clinical remission,five cases relapsed and one case progressed.In group Ⅱ,tumor residues were detected in four patients,and one patient relapsed. Conclusion Serial ~(18)F-FDG imaging during treatment is very useful for therapeutic evaluation in malignant lymphoma.

Objective To observe the effects of vitamin C (VC) and E (VE) on the uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain tissue of fluorosis rats. Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were chosen as the experimental animals and were divided into 9 groups randomly. The control group were given distilled water and the fluoride exposed group were given distilled water containing sodium fluoride 150 mg/L. The throe VC-fluoride exposed groups were given VC orally in a dose of 50,100,150 mg·kg-1.d-1, respectively, and the three VE-fluoride exposed groups were given VE of 25,50,75 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. The VC-VE-fluoride exposed group were given VC of 100 mg·kg-1·d-1and VE of 50 mg·kg-1·d-1at the same time of high fluoride water intake. The rats were sacrificed after 9 months and the ultrastructure changes on liver, kidney and brain tissues of each group were observed under transmission electron microscope(TEM). Results The uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain showed pathologic changes in the rats that drank water containing high eoneentrations of sodium fluoride. ①Edema of hepatocytes, smeared mitochontria and nuclear matrix, lipid droplet in eytoplasm of hepatocytes, margination of nueleohs as well as obvious swelling of liver sinusoidal endothelial were observed in fluoride exposed group. ② There were marginafion of heterochromatin, expansion of cell space and endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney after the exposure to excess fluoride.③Signifieant changes were found on glial eells on the brain, including cell swelling, increase and marginafion of heterochromatin in the fluoride exposure group. There were no significant uhrastrueture changes in the VC or VE intervention group, while the VC-VE-fluoride exposure group was almost the same as the control group. Conclusions Fluoresis may cause damage on liver, kidney and brain in rats. VC and VE, alone or combined, have protective effects, and the combined supplementation was stronger than single supplementations.

Objective To investigate the effects of the folic acid on human T lymphoid leukemia cell line CEM cells. Methods 1. MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of CEM cells co- cultured with folic acid of different concentrations and time;2. E-xamine the changes of morphology by light microscopy with Giemsa stain;3. Detect the percentage of apoptosis and cell cycle distribution as well as the expression of the apoptosis protein(Bcl- 2,C- myc) by flow cytometry;4. Detect DNA fragments by Agaiose elec-trophoresis;5. Detect the influence of folic acid to the anticancer effects of methotrexatc(MTX) by MTT methods. Results 1 Folic acid could inhibit the proliferation of CEM cells, and the optimal inhibitive concentrations range from 0. 4 ? 10-4 ?g/L to 3. 0 ? 10 -4 ?g/L,the inhibition rate was about 30% - 40% ; 2. Co - cultured with folic acid at 24,48, 72 hours, examined by light microscopy with Giemsa stain, apoptosis cells were found in all study groups but the higher apoptosis rate was found co - cultured with folic acid at concentration of (0.4 - 3.0) ? 10-4?g/L;3.The highest apoptosis rate was 6. 19% found at the concentration of 3 ? 10-4 ?g/L, but the cell cycle distribution had no statistical difference with control group, the expression of apoptosis related protein Bcl - 2 and C-myc was decreased;4 DNA was extracted from CEM cells co - cultured with 0.4? 10 -4 ?g/L and 3 ? 10-4 ?g/L folic acid for 48 hours. UNA ladders were visible by agarose electrophoresis of DNA fragments; 5. Folic acid did not affect the antitumor effect of MTX at the concentration from 0 2? 10-4 ?g/L to 12.0?10-4 ?g/L. Conclusion Folic acid may suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis of CEM cell

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma somatostatin(SS) and its correlation with cellular immune function in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods Fifty cases of HIE were collected to detect the SS and T lymphocyte subsets,IL-2,sIL-2R as well as IL-6 levels by radioimmunoassay,APAAP and doule antibody sandwith ELISA methods.Results The SS and sIL-2R levels in patients with HIE were significantly higher(P

Aim To investigate the change in neuropeptide Y(NPY) Y1 receptor level in infarcted myocardium tissues of (MI) rats. 　Method MI was induced by ligating the left descending anterior coronary artery (LAD) in the heart of rats. The techniques of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to identify the exist of NPY Y1 receptor mRNA in myocardial tissues. The technique of semi-quantitative PCR wa s used to observe the change of NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level. 　Results NPY Y1 receptor mRNA distributed in the heart tissues of rat. Compared with sham operated rats ,the NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level both in infarction area and non-infarction area was increased significantly after MI fo r 1d and 3d. The NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level in the heart tissues of sham-op erated rats was also significantly increased compared with that in control rats . 　Conclusion These results suggest that MI may result in increase NPY Y1 receptor level in the heart tissues of rats. Stre ss stimulation such as surgery may also increase the NPY Y1 receptor level in the heart.

Objective To observe the effects of exogenous interleukin (IL)-6 on survival time and regeneration of liver grafts in an orthotopic liver transplantation model in IL-6 knockout (KO) mice.Methods A model of liver transplantation in C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and IL-6 KO mice with C57BL/6 background was established. Grafts were preserved at 4 ℃ in UW solution before transplantation.Study was divided into 4 groups:IL-6 KO→IL-6 KO control group,IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT group,IL-6 KO→IL-6 KO+ rIL-6 group,and IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT+ rIL-6 group.Recipient animals were injected subcutaneously with human recombinant IL-6 (1 mg/kg body weight) 1 h before transplantation.Survival of liver grafts after transplantation was followed up.Hepatocyte replication with BrdU uptake after liver transplantation was examined by irnmunohistochemistry.Results A total of 48 liver transplantations were performed.Cold ischemic time was 50 min.The survival time of liver grafts in the control group was 2.2 days,and that was 1.9 days,＞17.6 days and ＞20.4 days in IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT group,IL-6 KO+ rIL-6 group and C57BL/6 WT+ rIL-6 group respectively with the the difference being statistically significant among the latter three groups (P＜0.01 ).The liver grafts transplanted in control group recipients showed patchy areas of necrosis and hepatocyte ballooning.Slight increase in BrdU uptake was found at 48 h post-transplantation.Minimal injury and no necrosis were observed in IL-6 treated groups.Mild increase of BrdU uptake was demonstrated at 48 h after liver transplantation. Conclusion Exogenous recombinant IL-6 appears to significantly prolong the survival time of IL-6 KO liver grafts after liver transplantation and enhance the regenerative response after liver transplantation in IL-6 KO mice.

To investigate the principal metabolites of 1-(1-(6-methoxyl-2-naphthyl) ethyl)-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (code designation: P91024) in rats after ig administration by LC-MS/MS, the phase I metabolites were discovered by comparing the fullscan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks. The structures of phase I metabolites were identified by ESI-MS spectra and the product spectra of the corresponding adduct ions. The phase II metabolites were identified in the test samples after the phase I metabolites were completely removed with solvent extraction and then treated with glucuronidase for enzymolysis of phase II glucuronide conjugates and the hydrolysates. Two phase I metabolites of P91024 were identified in rat feces, one phase I and five phase II in bile, one phase I and three phase II in urine, and four phase I and one phase II in plasma. Their structures were elucidated, separately. P91024 was extensively metabolized in rat. The metabolites can be easily screened and identified by LC-MS/MS method.
Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in children and adolescents. METHODS The clinical data of 30 children and adolescents with DTC were retrospectively reviewed. Meanwhile the clinical pathological characteristics of DTC were analyzed according to patients' age and gender. RESULTS Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was found in 27 cases and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in 3 cases. The average diameter of tumors was (2.56±1.1) cm. In the group of children, the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 92.3% (12/13), pulmonary metastasis was 46.2% (6/13), and those in the group of adolescents was 88.2% (15/17) and 35.3% (6/17) respectively. Children group tended to present with more vascular invasion, thyroid capsule invasion, and invasion out of thyroid, and a higher rate of cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.025, 0.007, 0.025, 0.033). CONCLUSION Thyroid carcinoma in childhood and adolescent has a stronger invasive feature. It is easy to local invasion, lymph node and distance metastasis.