Animals ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatigue ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of the platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on the phenotypic transformation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMC) in SD rats.

METHODSCCSMCs were primarily cultured in the modified tissue sticking medium and subjected to immunofluorescence assay. The cells were divided into a blank control and four PDGF-BB groups, the latter exposed to 5, 10, 20, and 40 ng/ml of PDGF-BB, respectively, for 24 hours, and the cells in the 20 ng/ml PDGF-BB group treated for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The the relative expressions of α-SMA, SMMHC, calponin, and OPN mRNA were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).

RESULTSThe α-SMA positive rate of the CCSMCs was over 95%. Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of α-SMA, SMMHC, and calponin mRNA were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) while that of OPN mRNA remarkably increased (P < 0.05) in the PDGF-BB groups. The 20 ng/ml PDGF-BB group also showed significantly downregulated expressions of α-SMA, SMMHC, and calponin mRNA (P < 0.05) and upregulated expression of OPN mRNA (P < 0.05) at 24, 48, and 72 hours.

CONCLUSIONPDGF-BB can induce the transformation of the phenotype of CCSMCs in SD rats from the contractile to the synthetic type.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Muscle Contraction ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; metabolism ; Penis ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Phenotype ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of a self-made guiding needle of steel wire in guiding the wire through the tibial tunnel for the treatment of avulsion fractures of tibial posterior cruciate ligament with open reduction and wire fixation.

METHODSFrom February 2011 to June 2014, a total of 22 patients with avulsion fractures of tibial posterior cruciate ligament underwent surgical treatments were analyzed, including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of 35.6 years old (ranged, 17 to 63 years old). According to Meyers classification, 9 patients were classified as type II, 13 patients were classified as type III. All the patients underwent open reduction and wire fixation with medial knee "L" shape approach. A wire guiding needle was used to guide the wire through the tibial tunnel during operation.

RESULTSWith the assistance of wire guidance needles, wires passed through the tibial tunnel rapidly during the operation in all the 22 patients. All the patients were followed up, X-ray imagings 6 months after operation showed the fractures healed well. The average follow-up time in all patients was 6 months (ranged, 6 to 12 months). The averaged Lysholm knee score in 22 knee was 92.7 +/- 3.4. All patients' posterior drawer test were negative.

CONCLUSIONSelf-made wire guiding needle can simplify the operation procedures in which the wires pass through the tibial tunnel, shorten the operation time, reduce the surgical trauma and complications, and be worthy of clinical application.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Wires ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; injuries ; surgery ; Tibia ; injuries ; surgery ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery ; Young Adult

With an objective to provide an experimental basis for scientific officinal of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus, this research uses UPLC-TQ/MS method to analyze 7 different kinds of lignan in 70 batches of Schisandra sphenantherae Fructus samples from 9 regions. The results showed that in the area south of Qinling mountains, Schisandrae sphenantherae Fructus from Zhashui county and Shanyang county of Shangluo mainly contained schisantherin A and deoxyschizandrin. However, Schisandrae sphenantherae Fructus from Mei county of Baoji, Shiquan county and Ningshan county of Ankang, and Lueyang county of Hanzhong, mainly contained anwuligan. Samples from Ningshan county also consists relatively high level of deoxyschizandrin. In the central area of Qinling mountains and the Daba mountains, Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus from Nanzheng county of Hanzhong mainly contained schisanhenol and deoxyschizandrin. In conclusion, the kinds and level of lignan differ significantly in Schisandrae sphenantherae Fructus produced in different regions. In practical application, Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus produced in different regions should be distinguished and differently applied based on their main effective components corresponding to different diseases, which can lead to the best clinical use.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Schisandra ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods and effects of secondary intervention for mid-long term complications of endovascular repair (EVR) in aortic diseases.

METHODSFrom May 1999 to Jun 2007, 21 patients with mid-long term complications after EVR were treated in our center. Of these cases, 15 cases received first EVR for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), 3 cases for thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and 3 cases for aortic dissection (TAD). The mid-long term complications included 11 cases of type I endoleak, 4 cases of type II endoleak, 2 cases of type III endoleak and 4 cases of migration of stent grafts. Proximal or distal extensions were used for type I and III endoleak in 9 cases. Fenestrated, scallop and bifurcated stent grafts were used to reconstruct the aortic arch in 3 cases. Emboli technique was used in treating type II endoleak. Thrombectomy and bypass technique were used in 4 cases with stent graft limb occlusion. One ruptured AAA accepted open surgery.

RESULTSSecondary endovascular technique were undergone in 20 (95.2%) cases. One case died in 30 days after the secondary intervention and endoleak remained after the secondary operation in 5 cases. Three cases died of the secondary intervention.

CONCLUSIONSEndoleak and limb occlusion were the chief mid-long complications after EVR. Secondary endovascular technique can be used in most cases and carries great challenges in aortic arch lesions.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Diseases ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To assess the occupational health risk of noise in a plastic products enterprise and determine the key risk Methods - points. The workplace of a plastic products enterprise and its 388 noise exposed workers were selected as the ， research subjects using a convenient sampling method. The noise intensity in the workplace of the enterprise was measured and - GBZ/T 229.4-2012 the individual noise exposure level and pure tone hearing test were carried out in the noise exposed workers. Classification of Occupational Hazards at Workplaces--Part 4： Occupational Exposure to Noise（ GBZ/T hereinafter referred to as 229.4-2012） - was used to evaluate the hazardous degree of noise in different posts. The risk of high frequency hearing loss （ ） - （ ） - ， ， HFHL and occupational noise induced deafness ONID in noise exposed workers in different posts at 45.0 50.0 55.0 and WS/T 754-2016 Guideline for Risk Management of Occupational Noise Hazard（ 60.0 years of age were predicted using hereinafter WS/T 754-2016）Results referred to as . The noise in the workplace of this plastic product enterprise was found to exceed the - occupational exposure limits with the rate of 46.6%. The maximum level of normalization of equivalent continuous A weighted - （ ） sound pressure level to a nominal 40 h working week of exposure to noise in workers of six posts was 84.0 93.0 dB A . - ， ， ， According to GBZ/T 229.4 2012 the noise hazards of the posts including extrusion premixing unloading and utility - ， maintenance were mild or moderate except for the film and packaging posts. According to WS/T 754 2016 the risks of HFHL in ， ， the film and packaging operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at acceptable risk and the risks of HFHL in operators of extrusion ， ， premixing unloading and utility maintenance at age ≥45.0 years old were at moderate risk or high risk. The risks of ONID for ， the film packaging and utility maintenance operators at age ≥55.0 years old were at acceptable risk or moderate risk. The risksof ONID for extrusion premixing and unloading operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at high risk. Extrusion operators with （ ） exposure to toluene below the occupational exposure limit had a higher risk of HFHL high risk than unloading operators （ ） Conclusion moderate risk at age 45.0 years with the same noise intensity. The noise exposure intensity is high in the ， workplace of the plastic product enterprise. The workers in posts of extrusion premixing and unloading are at high risk levels of HFHL and ONID.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effect and indication between standard large trauma craniotomy and routine craniotomy.

METHODSThere were 97 patients in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 110 patients in the routine craniotomy group. The mortality, postoperative ICP (intracranial pressure), ratio of pupil rebound, complication and results of six month follow-up after operation were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSFifteen patients (15.6%) died in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 30 (27.7%) in the routine craniotomy group. The postoperative mean ICP was 3.75 kPa+/-1.89 kPa in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 5.11 kPa+/-1.57 kPa in the routine craniotomy group. The pupil rebound was found in 47 patients (61.0%) in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and in 41 patients (46.1%) in the routine craniotomy group (P<0.01). The rate of complication was lower in the standard large trauma craniotomy group, but no obvious difference in long-term therapeutic effect was found between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSStandard large trauma craniotomy can attenuate brain hernia and the mortality of the patients with acute subdural hematoma. The incidence of complication can also be decreased. But the long term life quality of the patients can not be improved.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Craniotomy ; standards ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma, Subdural ; mortality ; surgery ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analyze the oncological and functional outcome of limb salvage in this location.

METHODSFrom November 2003 to January 2010, 20 patients with primary malignant bone tumors of the distal lower extremity were treated. There were 15 male and 5 female, the mean age was 20 years. Among 14 patients with malignant distal tibial sarcoma, 11 patients had ankle arthrodesis reconstructed by using allograft (7 patients) or autografts (4 patients), the other 3 patients underwent below-knee amputation. Three patients with osteosarcoma of distal fibula reconstructed with ipsilateral fibular head, 3 patients with calcaneus osteosarcoma underwent total calcanectomy and reconstructed with fibular segment and iliac crest. The mean follow-up was 36.4 months.

RESULTSFive of 7 (71.4%) patients with allograft reconstruction were associated with delayed wound healing, however, only 1 of 10 patients with autograft had this problem (P = 0.036). One local recurrence was observed, 2 osteosarcoma patients died of disseminated disease. The estimated 2-year and 5-year overall survival for the patients with malignant tibial sarcomas were 92.9% and 79.6% respectively, for the patients with distal tibial high-grade osteosarcoma were 87.5% and 70.0% respectively. The mean functional MSTS score was 82% for limb salvage patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe survival of patients with primary malignant bone tumor of distal lower extremity seems to be better than that of other sites. Limb salvage can provide satisfactory local control and functional results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Amputation ; Bone Neoplasms ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Limb Salvage ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo understand the process of Cistanche tubulosa.

METHODThe process of seed germination and parasitism was observed using stereomicroscope.

RESULTSeedling of C. tubulosa sprouted after forty day without host root's contact in fields, a tube-like-organ formed and grew auger-type from host root, the tuber apex where touches host root swelled and formed haustorium. Haustorium intruded host root epidermis and vascular bundles, and released brown substances. Then, embryo bud with six or more young leaves formed, finally the swelled tuber-like-organ broken and seed coat shed. Due to the parasitism of C. tubulosa, the host root near stem site swelled, but the other part, shrunk and disappered gradually.

CONCLUSIONSeed of C. tubulosa could germinate indepently in fields. Tuber-like-organ formatin, haustorium formation and bud formation are key steps of C. tubulosa seedling development.

Cistanche ; growth & development ; Germination ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Symbiosis ; Tamaricaceae ; growth & development

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the stem of Cassia siamea.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel, and identified on the basis of spectral analysis.

RESULTSFive compounds were isolated and identified as: beta-sitosterol (I), sucrose (II), n-octacosanol (III), 2-methyl-5-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-7-hydroxy-chromone-2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV) and piceatannol (V).

CONCLUSIONCompound IV is a new compound. Compounds II, III and V were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Alcohols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification