Objective To analyze the phenotypic characteristics of albinism and their correla-tions.Methods Literatures related to albinism in PubMed database before June 10,2023 were ob-tained,and phenotypic entities were extracted from their abstract texts to construct a phenotypic co-occurrence network.GePhi and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the overall characteristics and phenotypic clustering of the network.The Apriori algorithm was used to mine the association rules between phenotypes.The AA index was used for link prediction,predicting possible combinations of albino phenotypes.Results The phenotypic co-occurrence network of albinism had a small-world characteristic,and nystagmus,hypopigmentation of skin and foveal dysplasia of retina were the main phenotypes.Phenotypic abnormalities of albinism were mainly divided into five categories,including visual system abnormalities,immune system abnormalities,skin and hair system abnormalities,nerv-ous system abnormalities,and respiratory as well as digestive system abnormalities.A variety of ocu-lar abnormalities were associated with nystagmus.The combination of abnormal phenotypes that may occur in albinism included pneumonia with hypopigmentation of the skin,foveal dysplasia of the retina and atrophy of the optic nerve.Conclusion Predicting and analyzing the phenotypic characteristics of albinism and the associative patterns among phenotypes,as well as the potential co-occurrence of phenotypes in albinism patients can provide valuable references for identifying research directions for albinism and for the recognition,diagnosis,and prediction of albinism development.

Objective To analyze the phenotypic characteristics of albinism and their correla-tions.Methods Literatures related to albinism in PubMed database before June 10,2023 were ob-tained,and phenotypic entities were extracted from their abstract texts to construct a phenotypic co-occurrence network.GePhi and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the overall characteristics and phenotypic clustering of the network.The Apriori algorithm was used to mine the association rules between phenotypes.The AA index was used for link prediction,predicting possible combinations of albino phenotypes.Results The phenotypic co-occurrence network of albinism had a small-world characteristic,and nystagmus,hypopigmentation of skin and foveal dysplasia of retina were the main phenotypes.Phenotypic abnormalities of albinism were mainly divided into five categories,including visual system abnormalities,immune system abnormalities,skin and hair system abnormalities,nerv-ous system abnormalities,and respiratory as well as digestive system abnormalities.A variety of ocu-lar abnormalities were associated with nystagmus.The combination of abnormal phenotypes that may occur in albinism included pneumonia with hypopigmentation of the skin,foveal dysplasia of the retina and atrophy of the optic nerve.Conclusion Predicting and analyzing the phenotypic characteristics of albinism and the associative patterns among phenotypes,as well as the potential co-occurrence of phenotypes in albinism patients can provide valuable references for identifying research directions for albinism and for the recognition,diagnosis,and prediction of albinism development.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

Objective To evaluate the application of epiglottis plus sternohyoid muscle flap in the surgery for laryngeal cancer.Methods Fifty patients with glottis cancer underwent partial laryngectomy and the postoperative laryngeal defects were reconstructed by epiglottis plus sternohyoid muscle flaps. TNM stages:T2N0M0 23 cases,T3N1M0 14 cases,and T3N2M0 13 cases.All patients received postoperative radical radiotherapy with average dosage of 60 Gy.The patients were followed up for 3 to 5 years,median was 4.2 years.Results The three- and five-year survival rates were 90％ and 80％ respectively. Most cases were with good swallowing,voice and breath functions.The decannulation rate was 96％.Conclusion Epiglottis plus sternohyoid muscle flap is an opitional technique for the reconstruction of laryngeal functions after partial laryngectomy.

Objective Feasibility of using MNA cell-culture inoculation test to detect and isolate the street rabies virus. Methods Using MNA cell-culture inoculation test, fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and sandwich ELISA with double-antibodies to detect 33 specimens of street rabies virus, 20 specimens of negative canine brains and 4 specimens of healthy mice brains. Results 33 specimens of street rabies virus were positive to the cell-culture inoculation test but the others were negative. The concordances of MNA cell-cultured inoculation test with FAT and sandwich ELISA with double-antibodies were both 100%. Conclusion MNA cell-culture inoculation test appeared to be both highly sensitive and specific in detecting the street rabies virus, and could be used in detection and isolation of the virus.

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the chronological changes in postoperative complications in surgical ulcerative colitis patients over the past decade in China and to investigate the potential parameters that contributed to the changes. Methods: Ulcerative colitis patients who underwent surgery during 2008–2017 were retrospectively enrolled from 13 hospitals in China. Postoperative complications were compared among different operation years. Risk factors for complications were identified by logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 446 surgical ulcerative colitis patients were analyzed. Fewer short-term complications (24.8% vs. 41.0%, P=0.001) and more laparoscopic surgeries (66.4% vs. 25.0%, P<0.001) were found among patients who received surgery during 2014–2017 than 2008–2013. Logistic regression suggested that independent protective factors against short-term complications were a higher preoperative body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 0.870; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.785–0.964; P=0.008), laparoscopic surgery (OR, 0.391; 95% CI, 0.217–0.705; P=0.002) and elective surgery (OR, 0.213; 95% CI, 0.067–0.675; P=0.009). The chronological decrease in short-term complications was associated with an increase in laparoscopic surgery. Conclusions Our data revealed a downward trend of short-term postoperative complications among surgical ulcerative colitis patients in China during the past decade, which may be due to the promotion of minimally invasive techniques among Chinese surgeons.

The STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials Of Moxibustion (STRICTOM), in the form of a checklist and descriptions of checklist items, were designed to improve reporting of moxibustion trials, and thereby facilitating their interpretation and replication. The STRICTOM checklist included 7 items and 16 sub-items. These set out reporting guidelines for the moxibustion rationale, details of moxibustion, treatment regimen, other components of treatment, treatment provider background, control and comparator interventions, and precaution measures. In addition, there were descriptions of each item and examples of good reporting. It is intended that the STRICTOM can be used in conjunction with the main CONSORT Statement, extensions for nonpharmacologic treatment and pragmatic trials, and thereby raise the quality of reporting of clinical trials of moxibustion. Further comments will be solicited from the experts of the CONSORT Group, the STRICTA Group, acupuncture and moxibustion societies, and clinical trial authors for optimizing the STRICTOM.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; methods ; standards ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design ; standards

ObjectiveTo analyze the online public Q&A texts on HPV vaccine， focus on the important issues related to HPV vaccination and cervical cancer prevention in China， and propose strategies and suggestions. MethodsThe latent Dirichlet allocation （LDA） topic model was employed to extract key topics of 15 565 Q&A texts related to HPV vaccines from the social Q&A platform "Zhihu". The Baidu AI sentiment analysis tool was used to analyze the emotional tendencies of the texts corresponding to each topic， and the topics were classified based on the strategic coordinate method. ResultsOnline users focused on eight topics about HPV vaccine information. Among them， vaccination knowledge， HPV vaccination hesitation， and HPV vaccine development and marketing belonged to the low positivity-high negativity emotional topics， HPV infection and high-risk factors belonged to the low positivity-low negativity emotional topics， and HPV vaccine appointment channels， comparison between domestic and imported vaccines， HPV vaccines and cervical cancer prevention， and HPV vaccine types and selection were grouped under high positivity-low negativity emotional topics. ConclusionPublic concerns regarding HPV vaccines can be classified into three major dimensions： health knowledge， health beliefs， and health behaviors. Overall， the public's views and attitudes towards vaccine-related issues are not optimistic. Strengthening science publicity and education， enhancing vaccine supervision， and encouraging enterprises’ innovative research and development capability are effective strategies to improve public awareness of cervical cancer prevention and accelerate the full HPV vaccination coverage.

With the introduction and development of evidence-based medicine in China, it has been spread rapidly in the area of integrative medicine (IM) and has become a new unique discipline. During almost 20 years, as one of the most important parts of evidence-based IM, systematic review (SR)/meta-analysis (MA) of IM have shown a good development momentum in the aspects of quantity, depth, breadth and influence, but also face the harsh situation of the uncontrolled quantity and quality, especially for SRs in Chinese. Therefore, how to supervise and standardize this area effectively becomes a problem to be solved. Based on the experience both at home and abroad, the authors put forward several kinds of solutions for laying the foundation for further development such as promoting the registration system of SR/MA of IM, effectively setting up the regulatory platform of quality and quantity, launching professional training for SR/MA reviewers, forming qualification registration, developing the data transfer and sharing platform to realize the transparency of evidence process.

The cerebellum is conceptualized as a processor of complex movements and is also endowed with roles in cognitive and emotional behaviors. Although the axons of deep cerebellar nuclei are known to project to primary thalamic nuclei, macroscopic investigation of the characteristics of these projections, such as the spatial distribution of recipient zones, is lacking. Here, we studied the output of the cerebellar interposed nucleus (IpN) to the ventrolateral (VL) and centrolateral (CL) thalamic nuclei using electrophysiological recording in vivo and trans-synaptic viral tracing. We found that IpN stimulation induced mono-synaptic evoked potentials (EPs) in the VL but not the CL region. Furthermore, both the EPs induced by the IpN and the innervation of IpN projections displayed substantial heterogeneity across the VL region in three-dimensional space. These findings indicate that the recipient zones of IpN inputs vary between and within thalamic nuclei and may differentially control thalamo-cortical networks.
Axons ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Cerebellum ; Thalamic Nuclei