Primary carcinoma arising in the diverticular wall of the urinary bladder is the most serious complication. The clinical importance is that the carcinoma is difficult to diagnose early, widespread at diagnosis and has poor prognosis. Recently, vigilant studies including bladder mapping reveal premalignant changes and carcinoma in situ adjacent to carcinoma and suggest these premalignant changes evolve to flank carcinoma. For early detection and improving the prognosis, be required through cystoscopic examination including diverticular wall and multiple punch biopsies as well as consecutive urine cytologic examination. Author report two cases of primary carcinoma arising in bladder diverticulum. One revealed carcinoma in situ accompanied with adjacent atypical hyperplasia in diverticula mucosa incidentally found at the pathologic examination on the divertiuclectomy specimen. The other case showed invasive transitional cell carcinoma(Grade IV, Stage D) of diverticulum. The two cases described suggest that vesical diverticulum should be removed into to with a good amount of surrounding bladder wall.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum* ; Hyperplasia ; Mucous Membrane ; Prognosis ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Aprotinin* ; Heart* ; Hemostasis* ; Thoracic Surgery*

No abstract available.
Osteochondroma*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Bone Cysts* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells*

Korea had been one of hyperendemic countries of human parasitic infections until 1970s.In 1966, the Law for the Prevention of Parasitic Diseases was enacted, and the nationwide anti-parasitic control program began in 1969. The initiation of the national program was supported financially by Japan. The program included screening of whole students in Korea and treatment of all egg positive cases twice a year, and ended in 1995. In addition to student program, deworming campaign was run in the community, and 8 national status surveys were implemented from 1971 to 2012. Whole helminth egg positive rate was 84.3% in 1971 and decreased to 2.6% in 2012. Ascaris and other intestinal nematodes, Paragonimus, Taenia, and intestinal protozoa had decreased significantly throughout the country, but Clonorchis sinensis and intestinal trematodes are still prevalent locally in endemic areas. Lymphatic filariasis had been endemic in Jeju-do and other southern islands but elimination was endorsed in 2008. The control of parasitic infection in Korea was successful with statistical prevalence data, which can be a benchmarking model. In conclusion, the successful control in Korea could be achieved by social agreement of the priority, professional guidelines and systematic approach with good anthelminthics supply, and simultaneous economic growth.

Myiasis is the infestation of any part of the body by Diptera larvae. It is the fourth most common travel-associated skin disease and cutaneous myiasis is the most frequently encountered clinical form. Furuncular lesions may result when the skin is affected. Cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga has been endemic in the sub-Saharan African region for more than 135 years. There have been some reported cases from non-endemic regions, and yet C. anthropophaga infestations are rarely acquired outside of Africa. We report here a rare case of furuncular cutaneous myaisis by C. anthropophaga in a German patient who came to Korea after a three-week trip to Benin.
Africa ; Benin ; Diptera ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Myiasis ; Porphyrins ; Skin ; Skin Diseases

Objective To establish and evaluate criteria applied to review of complete blood counts (CBC)and differential results from automated hematology analyzers.Methods Temporary criteria were established by using alarm system of XE-2100 automated hematology analyzer and by consulting the 41 suggested rides of international consensus group.2 795 out-and in-patient samples were run as clinical samples.Stained blood films were prepared and manual differential with smear review were performed on all samples.Statistical analysis was done for each temporary rule and instrument flag which indicated abnormal cell quantity and morphology.Results Of all rules,instrument flags of ‘Immature Gran/Left Shift?’, ‘ Atypical Lympho?’and‘NRBC(nucleated red blood cell)?’showed most frequent false positive and false negative instrument flag.Evaluation on rnles about cell quantity change showed false positive and false negative rates were both low.Results of morphology evaluation showed that true positive rate was 17.44%, false positive rate was 15.82%,true negative rate was 63.49%,false negative rate was 3.25%.‘ Atypical Lymphocyte?’,‘Immature Gran?’and‘blast?’were the most frequent false positive flags.According to those results and clinicians opinions,our hematology review criteria for action following automated CBC and leukocytes differential was established.Conclusions The hematology review criteria have high true positive rate and low false negative rate.To clinical hematology laboratory using automated hematology analyzer,new criteria can reduce work load,bring lower false negative rate and higher work efficiency.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antithyroid Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; pathology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; complications ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; complications ; drug therapy ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Methimazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Propylthiouracil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Young Adult

Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are the most common source of human toxicity globally, causing high mortality and morbidity despite the availability of atropine as a specific antidote and oximes to reactivate acetylcholinesterase. The primary toxicity mechanism is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), resulting in accumulation of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, and abnormal stimulation of acetylcholine receptors. Thus, the symptoms (muscarinic, nicotinic, and central nervous system) result from cholinergic overactivity because of AchE inhibition. OP can also cause rhabdomyolysis, pancreatitis, parotitis, and hepatitis. OP therapy includes decontamination, supportive therapy, and the use of specific antidotes such as atropine and oximes. However, there has been a paucity of controlled trials in humans. Here we evaluated the literature for advances in therapeutic strategies for acute OP poisoning over the last 10 years.
Acetylcholine ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Antidotes ; Atropine ; Decontamination ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Oximes ; Pancreatitis ; Parotitis ; Pesticides ; Receptors, Cholinergic ; Rhabdomyolysis

Most patients with strabismus are in good health. However, the incidence of strabismus is high in patients with central nervous system dysfunction and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Authors report one case of intracerebral hematoma due to bleeding from an intracranial arteriovenous malformation after a surgical correction of strabismus under general endotracheal anesthesia. The initial operation and postoperative course of this case were uneventful except for several episodes of nausea and vomiting, continuing hours after the operation. Twenty-four hours after the operation, the patient showed a stuporous mental state and right-sided hemiplegia. A brain C-T scan and carotid angiography revealed an intracerebral hematoma with small-sized vascular abnormalities in the frontoparietal region on the left side. Following an emergency evacuation of the hematoma and removal of the malformed vessels, the patient showed progressive improvement.
Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology* ; Child ; Female ; Hematoma/etiology* ; Human ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/complications ; Postoperative Complications* ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Strabismus/surgery*