1.Status quo and factors influencing smoking cessation in cigarette smoking patients with coronary artery disease.
Tai-yang LUO ; Tao LEI ; Xiao-hui LIU ; Xue-mei PENG ; Jun-ping KANG ; Qiang LÜ ; Hai-yun WANG ; Chang-sheng MA
Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2011;39(5):406-409
OBJECTIVETo investigate the status quo of smoking cessation and analyze factors influencing smoking cessation in cigarette smoking patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
METHODA total of 350 smoking patients with CAD was surveyed by questionnaire, logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors influencing smoking cessation.
RESULTSIncidence of smoking cessation was 57.1% (200/350) in this cohort. Patients were divided into two groups, the elderly (> 65 years old, n = 111) and the young group (≤ 65 years old, n = 239). The smoking cessation rate in the elderly group is significantly higher than in the young group (71.2% vs. 50.6%, P < 0.001). Aged patients and patients with high cultural level are easier to give up smoking. Logistic analysis showed that age ≤ 65 years old (OR = 2.336, P = 0.004), low cultural level (OR = 1.310, P = 0.028), PCI (OR = 0.261, P < 0.001), coronary artery bypass graft (OR = 0.107, P = 0.004), total family income > 4000 RMB/month (OR = 1.828, P = 0.003) are risk factors for failed smoking cessation. There are 76 patients smoking again in current smokers, most due to lack of self-control (76.3%). Compared to the elderly group, there is a higher proportion of smoking again due to the need of daily communication and work in the young group.
CONCLUSIONSWe still need to raise the awareness of smoking cessation for smoking patients with CAD. Following factors should be focused for tobacco control in CAD patients: younger age, lower cultural level, not treated with PCI or CABG, patients with smoking family members, higher body mass index and higher total family income.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Artery Disease ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires
2.Study on etiology and pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome.
Yan-qing DING ; Hui-jun WANG ; Hong SHEN ; Zu-guo LI ; Jian GENG ; Hui-xia HAN ; Jun-jie CAI ; Xin LI ; Wei KANG ; De-sheng WENG ; Yao-dan LU ; Kai-tai YAO
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2003;32(3):195-200
OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
METHODSThree autopsy cases were studied retrospectively. Routine HE stain was used to study all the cases. Part of the lung tissue specimens were studied further with Macchiavello's stain, viral inclusion body stain, reticulin and PAS stains, immunohistochemistry, thin sections with staining, light microscopy and transmission electronic microscope investigation.
RESULTSThe earliest symptom of all 3 cases was hyperpyrexia and followed by progressive dyspnea and appearance of lung field shadows in X rays findings. Pulmonary lesions included: bilateral and extensive consolidation, localized hemorrhage and necrosis, desquamative alveolitis and bronchitis, alveolar proliferation and desquamation, accumulation of protein exudates, mononuclear cells, lymphocytes, and plasma cells as well as hyaline membrane formation in alveoli and viral inclusion bodies were seen in the alveolus epithelial cells. The exudated organization tended to become glomeruloid organizing pneumonitis in a few avaoli. Lesions of the immune organs included: large patchy necrosis in the spleens and localized necrosis in the lymph nodes were seen. Bone marrow became restrained. There were lesions of systemic small vasculitis including edema of the perivascular tissue and vascular wall of the small veins with localized fibrinoid necrosis distributing in the heart, lungs, kidneys, adrenal glands and the striated muscles accompanying with mononuclear cells and lymphocytes infiltration. Thrombosis was seen in part of the small veins. In addition, there were also the systemic poisonous changes including: degeneration and necrosis of the parenchyma cells in lungs, liver, kidneys, heart and adrenals. Electronic microscopy demonstrated clusters of virus particles seen in the lung tissue.
CONCLUSIONSARS is a systemic disease. Lungs, immune system and systemic small vessels are the main target organs attacked by the virus. Extensive consolidation of lungs, formation of hyaline membrane to a large extent, respiratory distress and decrease of immune function are the main causes of death.
Adult ; Cause of Death ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Middle Aged ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; etiology ; pathology
3.Characteristic Risk Factors Associated with Planned versus Impulsive Suicide Attempters.
Jaeha KIM ; Kang Sook LEE ; Dai Jin KIM ; Seung Chul HONG ; Kyoung Ho CHOI ; Youngmin OH ; Sheng Min WANG ; Hae Kook LEE ; Yong Sil KWEON ; Chung Tai LEE ; Kyoung Uk LEE
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2015;13(3):308-315
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate predictors for planned suicide attempters. METHODS: This study included 1,003 patients who attempted suicide and visited emergency department. They were divided into two groups, planned suicide attempters (SAs; n=133 [13.3%]) and impulsive SAs (n=870, [86.7%]), and the demographic variables, clinical characteristics, factors related to suicide, and psychiatric resources of the groups were compared. RESULTS: Major depressive disorder and substance use disorders were more common among planned SAs than among impulsive SAs. Additionally, the planned SAs were older, more likely to be divorced, separated or widowed, and more likely to have comorbid medical illnesses, severe depression, higher suicidality, and self-blaming tendencies than the impulsive SAs. Financial problems and physical illnesses were more common in planned SAs but interpersonal conflicts were more frequent in impulsive SAs. Planned SAs had fewer previous suicide attempts but these were more serious suicide attempts. The presence of the hope to die, a written will, and suicidal ideation of a repetitive, intense, and continuous nature were predictive of planned SAs. CONCLUSION: The present findings demonstrated that planned SAs had more severe psychopathology and medical illnesses than impulsive SAs. Therefore, screening for depression, substance use disorders, and suicidal plans among old and medically ill patients may be important for preventing suicide attempts.
Depression
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Depressive Disorder, Major
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Divorce
;
Emergency Service, Hospital
;
Hope
;
Humans
;
Impulsive Behavior
;
Mass Screening
;
Psychopathology
;
Risk Factors*
;
Substance-Related Disorders
;
Suicidal Ideation
;
Suicide*
;
Suicide, Attempted
;
Widowhood
4.Impact of body mass index on mortality in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Xin-Min LIU ; Jian-Zeng DONG ; Xiao-Hui LIU ; Qiang LU ; Jun-Ping KANG ; Tai-Yang LUO ; Yang GUAN ; Fei GUO ; Rong BAI ; Xin DU ; Chang-Sheng MA
Chinese Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2018;26(5):255-260
Objective To investigate the influence of body mass index(BMI) on the prognosis of patients who had received elective PCI.Methods The study population consisted of 2964 consecutive patients with electivePCIs performed between July 2009 and September 2011. The patients were divided into three groups based on their preoperative BMI levels:the normal group( BMI<24.0 kg/m2,n=810); the overweight group( 24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2,n=1454) and the obese group(BMI≥28.0 kg/m2,n=700). We examined the association between baseline BMI levels and postoperative mortality through a mean(571.5±130.8)days of follow up.Results Patients with high BMI had a higher percentage of comorbidities compared with the normal BMI group. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that preoperative BMI was inversely associated with mortality after adjustment for other factors (HR 0.896,95% CI 0.821-0.977,P=0.031). Compared with the obese group, the hazard ratios for risk of mortality in the overweight and the normal groups were 1.908(95%CI 0.689-5.291,P=0.213) and 2.241(95%CI 1.154-4.350,P=0.017).Conclusions For patients undergoing elective PCI, individuals with obesity and overweight had the better prognosis than those with normal BMI.
5.Evaluation of circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for gynecological tumors.
Kang-Sheng LIU ; Hua TONG ; Tai-Ping LI ; Ya-Jun CHEN
Chinese Medical Journal 2020;133(21):2613-2615
6.Advances of Long Noncoding RNAs-mediated Regulation in Reproduction.
Kang-Sheng LIU ; Tai-Ping LI ; Hua TON ; Xiao-Dong MAO ; Ya-Jun CHEN
Chinese Medical Journal 2018;131(2):226-234
OBJECTIVEAdvances in genomics and molecular biology have led to the discovery of a large group of uncharacterized long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Emerging evidence indicated that many lncRNAs function in multiple biological processes and its dysregulation often causes diseases. Recent studies suggested that almost all regulatory lncRNAs interact with biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein. LncRNAs regulate gene expression mainly on three levels, including epigenetic modification, transcription, and posttranscription, through DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. LncRNAs can also affect the development of diseases and therefore be used to diagnose and treat diseases. With new sequencing and microarray techniques, hundreds of lncRNAs involved in reproductive disorders have been identified, but their functions in these disorders are undefined.
DATA SOURCESThis review was based on articles published in PubMed databases up to July 10, 2017, with the following keywords: "long noncoding RNAs", "LncRNA", "placentation", and "reproductive diseases".
STUDY SELECTIONOriginal articles and reviews on the topics were selected.
RESULTSLncRNAs widely participate in various physiological and pathological processes as a new class of important regulatory factors. In spermatogenesis, spermatocytes divide and differentiate into mature spermatozoa. The whole process is elaborately regulated by the expression of phase-specific genes that involve many strains of lncRNAs. Literature showed that lncRNA in reproductive cumulus cells may contribute to the regulation of oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development.
CONCLUSIONSLncRNA has been found to play a role in the development of reproduction. Meanwhile, we reviewed the studies on how lncRNAs participate in reproductive disorders, which provides a basis for the study of lncRNA in reproduction regulation.
7.Evaluating the Health Risks of Pneumonia from Airborne Bacterial Communities Using 16S rDNA Sequences of Pneumonia-related Pathogens.
Jian Guo GUO ; Qi KONG ; Ce LIU ; Tai Sheng KANG ; Chuan QIN
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021;34(4):265-271
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Aged
;
Aged, 80 and over
;
Air Microbiology
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Bacteria/isolation & purification*
;
Child
;
Child, Preschool
;
China/epidemiology*
;
DNA, Bacterial/analysis*
;
DNA, Ribosomal/analysis*
;
Female
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Humans
;
Infant
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology*
;
Risk Assessment/methods*
;
Young Adult
8.Monitoring Value of Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Disease Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Prospective Observational Study.
Dong-Chao SHEN ; Yin-Yan XU ; Bo HOU ; Hong-Fei TAI ; Kang ZHANG ; Shuang-Wu LIU ; Zhi-Li WANG ; Feng FENG ; Ming-Sheng LIU ; Li-Ying CUI
Chinese Medical Journal 2018;131(24):2904-2909
Background:
Ongoing efforts have been made to identify new neuroimaging markers to track amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progression. This study aimed to explore the monitoring value of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the disease progression of ALS.
Methods:
From September 2015 to March 2017, ten patients diagnosed with ALS in Peking Union Medical College Hospital completed head MRI scans at baseline and during follow-up. Multimodal MRI analyses, including gray matter (GM) volume measured by voxel-based morphometry; cerebral blood flow (CBF) evaluated by arterial spin labeling; functional connectivity, including low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), measured by resting-state functional MRI; and integrity of white-matter (WM) fiber tracts evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging, were performed in these patients. Comparisons of imaging metrics were made between baseline and follow-up using paired t-test.
Results:
In the longitudinal comparisons, the brain structure (GM volume of the right precentral gyri, left postcentral gyri, and right thalami) and perfusion (CBF of the bilateral temporal poles, left precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and right middle temporal gyri) in both motor and extramotor areas at follow-up were impaired to different extents when compared with those at baseline (all P < 0.05, false discovery rate adjusted). Functional connectivity was increased in the motor areas (fALFF of the right precentral gyri and superior frontal gyri, and ReHo of right precentral gyri) and decreased in the extramotor areas (fALFF of the bilateral middle frontal gyri and ReHo of the right precuneus and cingulate gyri) (all P < 0.001, unadjusted). No significant changes were detected in terms of brain WM measures.
Conclusion
Multimodal MRI could be used to monitor short-term brain changes in ALS patients.
Adult
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
;
diagnostic imaging
;
physiopathology
;
Brain
;
diagnostic imaging
;
Cerebrovascular Circulation
;
Disease Progression
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
methods
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
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Multimodal Imaging
;
methods
;
Prospective Studies