No abstract available.
Korea*

Three cases of chronic spinal epidural abscess following spinal epidural analgesia are presented. Spinal epidural abscess is a relatively rare infectious disease. It has recently increased in frequency due to the increased use of epidural steroid injections and epidural analgesia. It is very difficult to detect the spinal epidural abscess from its variable symptoms. So, it is important in making a diagnosis of epidural abscess to take into account the previous history of epidural analgesia.
Analgesia, Epidural* ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Epidural Abscess*

The purpose of this study was to analyze information about food and nutrition topics presented throughout the television broadcast media, thereby suggest the optimal communication method to give right information to the general public. To perform this study, total sixteen monitoring people were recruited and trained through monitoring practice before and during the study. Five domestic TV channels were selected to be monitored, for six months. For the best efficiency, all the monitoring people were divided into 8 teams based on the regional consideration. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SAS program. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the total reporting cases of information about foods and nutrition were 237 , among which about 30% was classified as appropriate and 70% as inappropriate based on the trained monitors' evaluation. Second, the analysis of contents about incorrect informations showed that the insufficient descriptions of terminology and contents were the highest. And insufficient scientific evidences, incorrect contents excessively entertainment-oriented, no provision of alternatives , improper selection of expert advisors were followed. These results suggest that systematical monitoring should be continued to reduce the frequency of incorrect communication thereby give the right information in food and nutrition area to the general public. And there should be a closely cooperated system to provide the professional information to broadcasting production team by establishing the strategic program. In order to do that, most importantly the advisory team should be organized to professionally connect mass media to corresponding specialists. In addition, more educational programs about food and nutrition should be developed to provide right information to the general public.
Mass Media* ; Specialization ; Television*

The purpose of this study was to analyze information about food and nutrition topics presented throughout the television broadcast media, thereby suggest the optimal communication method to give right information to the general public. To perform this study, total sixteen monitoring people were recruited and trained through monitoring practice before and during the study. Five domestic TV channels were selected to be monitored, for six months. For the best efficiency, all the monitoring people were divided into 8 teams based on the regional consideration. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SAS program. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the total reporting cases of information about foods and nutrition were 237 , among which about 30% was classified as appropriate and 70% as inappropriate based on the trained monitors' evaluation. Second, the analysis of contents about incorrect informations showed that the insufficient descriptions of terminology and contents were the highest. And insufficient scientific evidences, incorrect contents excessively entertainment-oriented, no provision of alternatives , improper selection of expert advisors were followed. These results suggest that systematical monitoring should be continued to reduce the frequency of incorrect communication thereby give the right information in food and nutrition area to the general public. And there should be a closely cooperated system to provide the professional information to broadcasting production team by establishing the strategic program. In order to do that, most importantly the advisory team should be organized to professionally connect mass media to corresponding specialists. In addition, more educational programs about food and nutrition should be developed to provide right information to the general public.
Mass Media* ; Specialization ; Television*

OBJECTIVE: We used a genome-wide approach to identify differentially expressed genes in patients with preterm delivery caused by preterm labor to improve the understanding of underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS: RNA was isolated from the chorions of patients with preterm delivery caused by preterm labor with intact membranes and term vaginal delivery. cDNA microarray experiments were used to identify differentially expressed genes, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used in follow-up experiment. RESULTS: cDNA microarray experiments identified significantly increased expression of 104 genes and decreased expression of 102 genes in the preterm cases. 18 genes showed more than 1.5-fold increased expressions in the chorions of patients with preterm delivery by preterm labor than those with term vaginal delivery. In preterm delivery, up-regulated genes were associated with cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation, development, transport, morphogenesis, muscle contraction, signal transduction, and transcription. 15 genes showed more than 1.5-fold decreased expressions in chorions of patients delivered preterm by preterm labor than delivered term by labor. In preterm delivery, down-regulated genes were associated with cell differentiation, development, metabolism, morphogenesis, RNA processing, signal transduction, transcription, and transport. CONCLUSION: This study suggests cDNA microarray technique might provide insights into the molecular basis of preterm delivery caused by preterm labor.
Cell Adhesion ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; Chorion* ; DNA, Complementary* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression* ; Humans* ; Membranes ; Metabolism ; Morphogenesis ; Muscle Contraction ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis* ; Pregnancy ; RNA ; Signal Transduction

PURPOSE: Primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) is a clinicopathological entity defined by the segmental sclerosis involving glomeruli in a focal distribution with poor prognosis. Approximately 50% to 70% of adults with FSGS manifests nephrotic syndrome, and the others show mild to moderate proteinuria. In this study, we intended to figure out the clinical course, treatments and possible prognostic factors of FSGS in adults. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of 54 adult patients diagnosed as primary focal segmental glomerulo-sclerosis(FSGS) by renal biopsy in Chungnam National University Hospital. from Dec. 1989 to Jan. 2000. RESULTS: Mean age of 54 patients was 36.8+/-24.6 (15-75) years. Male to female ratio of them was 1.08 : 1. Thirty one patients(57%) of them were manifested as nephrotic syndrome and their male to female ratio was 1.4 : 1. In all of 54 primary FSGS patients, generalized edema(59%), microscopic hematuria (44%), hypertension(39%) and azotemia(15%) were noted as clinical manifestations at the time of diagnosis. Median duration of follow-up was 48.7(6-123) months. Except generalized edema, serum cholesterol and albumin level, and 24 hour urine protein excretion, there was no significant difference in hypertension, hematuria, serum creatinine, duration of follow- up and progression to chronic renal failure between 31 nephrotic and 23 non-nephrotic patients. Sixteen (52%) of 31 nephrotic patients with primary FSGS showed complete remission. Seven(22%) of them showed partial remission and eight(26%) of them showed no response after 8 weeks of first steroid treatment. No response group of primary FSGS nephrotic patients progressed significantly more to chronic renal failure than remission group including complete or partial remission patients. No response groups showed significantly higher serum creatinine, lower creatinine clearance, higher degree of glomerular global sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis than remission group at the time of diagnosis. Eleven patients(8 nephrotic and 3 non-nephrotic patients) of 54 primary FSGS patients progressed to CRF during follow-up period, and they showed significantly lower creatinine clearance and higher degree of global glomerular sclerosis at the time of diagnosis than normal renal function maintaining group. CONCLUSION: It is speculated that initial renal function and degree of global glomerular sclerosis at the time of diagnosis in primary FSGS patients, and additively response to initial steroid therapy and the degree of interstitial fibrosis at the time of diagnosis in nephrotic primary FSGS patients are thought to be significant long-term prognostic factors.
Adult* ; Biopsy ; Cholesterol ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclerosis

Hemangioendotheliomas are vascular neoplasms characterized by histologic appearance that are intermediate between hemangiomas and angiosarcomas first described by Weiss and Enzinger in 1982. They are classified into at least 3 subgroups, including epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, spindle cell hemangioendothelioma, and malignant endovascular angioendothelioma, and have been reported principally in soft tissues of the extremities, lung, liver, and bone. The cases involving the central nervous system reported are very rare. We report an intraspinal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma occurring in a 52-year-old man. To our knowledge, it is first case of spinal hemangioendothelioma in Korea.
Central Nervous System ; Extremities ; Hemangioendothelioma ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid* ; Hemangioma ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Cord* ; Vascular Neoplasms

Mesalazine has been widely prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. In renal disease associated with inflammatory bowel disease, nephrolithiasis and amyloidosis are most common, and obstructive uropathy, acute renal failure, glomerular abnormalities and interstitial nephritis due to drug may be occur. However, glomerulonephritis presenting as nephrotic syndrome in patients with ulcerative colitis is very rare. We present a case of minimal change nephrotic syndrome probably associated with mesalazine treatment in patient with ulcerative colitis. A 31-year-old man was admitted with generalized edema and proteinuria. He had been initially treated by sulphasalazine and then received mesalazine for 6 months, recently. Kidney biopsy revealed minimal change disease. Mesalazine was discontinued immediately and prednisolone(1 mg/kg, P.O.) was prescribed. Eight weeks after prednisolone treatment, proteinuria disappeared and patient recovered completely.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Amyloidosis ; Biopsy ; Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Edema ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Kidney ; Mesalamine* ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Nephrolithiasis ; Nephrosis, Lipoid* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Sulfasalazine ; Ulcer*

Stenosis of the subclavian vein after cannulation occurs in 15-50% of chronic hemodialysis patients, and impedes the placement of an arteriovenous fistula in the ipsilateral arm. Its natural history and pathogenic mechanism are not well established yet. To investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients and therapeutic effect of percutaneous angioplasty and stenting, 10 consecutive chronic hemodialysis patients(3 men and 7 women; mean 55 year old) from March 1999 to February 2001 who showed subclavian vein stenosis and were treated with above percutaneous procedure were included in this study. The patients were followed for median 15.8(9.3-23.7) months after stenting. The causes of chronic renal failure were hypertension in four, diabetes mellitus in four, and unknown in two patients. Edema was noted on left upper extremity in nine and right in one patient. All cases of stenosis of central vein were found in ipsilateral side. Duration from beginning of hemodialysis to angioplasty and stenting was median 28(0.5-180) months. Duration for keeping subclavian vein catheter was median 35(13-65) days and duration for arteriovenous fistula in ipsilateral arm was median 15.1(1.1-120) months before stenting. All patients were performed stenting successfully and edema of upper extremities began to decreased immediately after the procedure. Involved stenosis lesions were noted on left bracheocephalic vein in seven, left subclavian vein in two, and right bracheocephalic vein in one patient. Restenosis after the procedure occurred in three patients in 1 year after stenting, and percutaneous balloon angioplasty(198, 256, 276 days after initial stenting) was performed again successfully. There was no severe complication during the procedure in all patients. In conclusion, we speculate that percutaneous angioplasty and stenting is a safe and effective therapeutic modality in chronic hemodialysis patients with central vein stenosis.
Angioplasty* ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Arm ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Edema ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Male ; Natural History ; Renal Dialysis* ; Stents* ; Subclavian Vein ; Upper Extremity ; Veins