No abstract available.
Encephalitis, Arbovirus*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Quintuplets*

No abstract available.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Feeding Methods* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

BACKGROUND: The BEPSI(Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) was developed as an instrument for quick assessment of stress in a busy office setting, and well correlated with other stress scales. Bae et al. developed the BEPSI(Korean version)[BEPSI-K] in Korea, which was used broadly in health examination. In this study, we attempted to assess degree of stress and to find stress-related factors among Koreans by the BEPSI-K. METHODS: A household telephone survey of 1,060 responders was carried out using multistage stratifed random sampling technique from April to May, 1997. The data were collected from 947 subjects who answered all the items of the BEPSI-K. RESULTS: The reliability of the BEPSI-K was demonstrated (Cronbachs alpha 0.71). The BEPSI-K score showed left-shifted distribution, and its mean was 1.72. It also was significantly high in the unmarried, those with a low educational level, those with a low income, non-economic group, hypertensive patients, smokers, non-exercisers and drinkers. Among 947 subjects, 7.7 percent was high stress according to tercile of the original BEPSI score. CONCLUSIONS: Stress-related factors were marital status, educational level, income level, occupation, exercise, smoking, drinking, and hypertension in Korea.
Drinking ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Occupations ; Single Person ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Telephone ; Weights and Measures

Mesalazine has been widely prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. In renal disease associated with inflammatory bowel disease, nephrolithiasis and amyloidosis are most common, and obstructive uropathy, acute renal failure, glomerular abnormalities and interstitial nephritis due to drug may be occur. However, glomerulonephritis presenting as nephrotic syndrome in patients with ulcerative colitis is very rare. We present a case of minimal change nephrotic syndrome probably associated with mesalazine treatment in patient with ulcerative colitis. A 31-year-old man was admitted with generalized edema and proteinuria. He had been initially treated by sulphasalazine and then received mesalazine for 6 months, recently. Kidney biopsy revealed minimal change disease. Mesalazine was discontinued immediately and prednisolone(1 mg/kg, P.O.) was prescribed. Eight weeks after prednisolone treatment, proteinuria disappeared and patient recovered completely.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adult ; Amyloidosis ; Biopsy ; Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Edema ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Kidney ; Mesalamine* ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Nephrolithiasis ; Nephrosis, Lipoid* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Sulfasalazine ; Ulcer*

Sj gren's syndrome(SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands, which result in dry eye and dry mouth. Systemic involvement including the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, endocrine glands, skin, or nervous system has been reported. Pulmonary abnormalities in SS are lymphoid interstitial infiltration, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis and pleurisy. Pulmonary pseudolymphoma associated with acute renal insufficiency is very rare. Recently, we experienced a patient with SS presenting with a huge pulmonary mass in the left upper lobe and acute renal failure. Pulmonary pseudolymphoma and renal functional impairment were completely reversed after a six month treatment with oral prednisolon(1mg/kg, body weight) and monthly cyclophosphamide pulse therapy (12mg/kg, I.V.). There was no evidence of disease recurrence for 16 months after discontinuation of prednisolone therapy.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; Cyclophosphamide ; Endocrine Glands ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lung ; Mouth ; Nervous System ; Pleurisy ; Prednisolone ; Pseudolymphoma ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Recurrence ; Salivary Glands ; Skin

PURPOSE:Preconditioning due to activation of AMPK might reduce ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the kidney, based on the key role of AMPK in preserving ATP. To evaluate this possibility, the effect of preconditioning with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), AMPK activator, before sustained ischemia was investigated. METHODS:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 220-250 g were used. To induce renal ischemia, a laparotomy was performed under ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride, and the blood supply to both kidneys was interrupted by placement of vessel clamps at the level of the renal pedicles. Reflow was initiated by removing the clamps. The following experimental groups were defined 1. Acute renal ischemia 0 sec, 10 min, 15 min, 2. AICAR treatment, 3. Sham group (S), 4. Ischemia/ Reperfusion group (I/R), 5. AICAR+I/R group (A+I/R), 6. AraA (Adenine-9-b-D-arabinofuranoside, an AMPK) inhibitor+AICAR+I/R group (AraA+A+I/R) RESULTS:There was only faint AMPK phosphorylation in the sham group. After 10 minutes of ischemia, or AICAR preconditioning however, Thr172 phosphorylation of AMPK was increased (p<0.05). The serum levels of BUN and creatinine were significantly decreased in AICAR preconditioning group (A+I/R). (128.0+/-7.33 mg/dL, 4.18+/-0.27 mg/dL vs. 90.2+/-11.13 mg/dL, 2.58+/-0.7 mg/dL, p<0.05), but these effects were attenuated by AMPK inhibitor, AraA (AraA+A+I/R group). In quantitative analysis of tubular injury, tubular injury score in AICAR preconditioning group significantly decreased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:The AMPK activator AICAR has a protective effect against renal I/R injury.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Aminoimidazole Carboxamide ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; Creatinine ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Ketamine ; Kidney ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Phosphorylation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Ribonucleotides ; Salicylamides ; Xylazine

PURPOSE: Primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) is a clinicopathological entity defined by the segmental sclerosis involving glomeruli in a focal distribution with poor prognosis. Approximately 50% to 70% of adults with FSGS manifests nephrotic syndrome, and the others show mild to moderate proteinuria. In this study, we intended to figure out the clinical course, treatments and possible prognostic factors of FSGS in adults. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of 54 adult patients diagnosed as primary focal segmental glomerulo-sclerosis(FSGS) by renal biopsy in Chungnam National University Hospital. from Dec. 1989 to Jan. 2000. RESULTS: Mean age of 54 patients was 36.8+/-24.6 (15-75) years. Male to female ratio of them was 1.08 : 1. Thirty one patients(57%) of them were manifested as nephrotic syndrome and their male to female ratio was 1.4 : 1. In all of 54 primary FSGS patients, generalized edema(59%), microscopic hematuria (44%), hypertension(39%) and azotemia(15%) were noted as clinical manifestations at the time of diagnosis. Median duration of follow-up was 48.7(6-123) months. Except generalized edema, serum cholesterol and albumin level, and 24 hour urine protein excretion, there was no significant difference in hypertension, hematuria, serum creatinine, duration of follow- up and progression to chronic renal failure between 31 nephrotic and 23 non-nephrotic patients. Sixteen (52%) of 31 nephrotic patients with primary FSGS showed complete remission. Seven(22%) of them showed partial remission and eight(26%) of them showed no response after 8 weeks of first steroid treatment. No response group of primary FSGS nephrotic patients progressed significantly more to chronic renal failure than remission group including complete or partial remission patients. No response groups showed significantly higher serum creatinine, lower creatinine clearance, higher degree of glomerular global sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis than remission group at the time of diagnosis. Eleven patients(8 nephrotic and 3 non-nephrotic patients) of 54 primary FSGS patients progressed to CRF during follow-up period, and they showed significantly lower creatinine clearance and higher degree of global glomerular sclerosis at the time of diagnosis than normal renal function maintaining group. CONCLUSION: It is speculated that initial renal function and degree of global glomerular sclerosis at the time of diagnosis in primary FSGS patients, and additively response to initial steroid therapy and the degree of interstitial fibrosis at the time of diagnosis in nephrotic primary FSGS patients are thought to be significant long-term prognostic factors.
Adult* ; Biopsy ; Cholesterol ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclerosis

Background: Computed tomography (CT) scans are utilized to assess emphysema, a prominent phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Variability in CT protocols and equipment across hospitals can impact accuracy. This study aims to implement kernel conversion across different CT settings and evaluate changes in the correlation between the emphysema index pre- and post-kernel conversion, along with clinical measures in COPD patients. Methods: Data were extracted from the Korea COPD Subgroup Study database, which included CT scan images from 484 COPD patients. These images underwent kernel conversion. Emphysema extent was quantified using the percentage of low-attenuation areas (%LAA-950) determined by a deep learning-based program. The correlation between %LAA-950 and clinical parameters, including lung function tests, the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), COPD assessment test (CAT), and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-c), was analyzed. Subsequently, these values were compared across various CT settings. Results: A total of 484 participants were included. Kernel conversion significantly reduced the variance in %LAA-950 values (before vs. after: 12.6±11.0 vs. 8.8±11.9). Post-kernel conversion, %LAA-950 demonstrated moderate correlations with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=–0.41), residual volume/total lung capacity (r=0.42), mMRC (r=0.25), CAT score (r=0.12), SGRQ-c (r=0.21), and 6MWD (r=0.15), all of which were improved compared to the unconverted dataset (all p<0.01). Conclusion CT images processed through kernel conversion enhance the correlation between the extent of emphysema and clinical parameters in COPD.