This study was performed to investigate the distribution and magnitude of stress at supporting tissue of abutment teeth and residual ridge tissue with remaining unilateral posterior teeth. Four types of removable partial dentures that included clasp retained removable partial denture, attachment retained removable partial denture, telescopic removable partial denture, and swing-lock partial denture were designed, and strain gauge was used for stress analysis. Each prosthesis was subjected to simulated vertical and oblique load. The following conclusions were drawn from this study. 1. The clasp retained removable partial denture generally distributed simulated vertical force more evenly to the supporting structure. 2. The stress at buccal side of 1st premolar was the lowest in swing-lock partial denture and that was highest in attchment retained removable partial denture. The stress at lingual side of 1st premolar was the lowest in telescopic partial denture. 3. In clasp retained removable partial denture, stress was lower at load site and ridge crest at midline, but it was higher at lst premolar area on vertical load. 4. In attachment removable partial denture, stresses at buccal side of 1st premolar, lingual side of 1st premolar on vertical load, and ridge crest at midline on oblique load were higher. 5. In telescopic removable partial denture, stress at lingual side of 1st premolar was the least in all removable partial dentures, but the stress at load site was higher. 6. In swing-lock removable partial denture, stress at buccal side of 1st premolar was the lowest, and stresses at load site and distal end of residual ridge crest were higher.
Bicuspid ; Denture Design* ; Denture, Partial ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Dentures* ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth*

The bond failure of resin teeth to denture base resin is one of the failure in prosthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of artificial resin teeth to the denture base resins. Specimens were made with heat curing acrylic resins (Vertex Rs, Lucitone 199) and artificial resin teeth (Tiger, Trubyte biotone, Endura, Orthosit, Trubyte bioform IPN) and the bond strength were measured with testing machine (Zwick, Germany) and the mode of bond failure were observed. The results were as follows; 1. The bond strength of Vertex Rs to artificial resin teeth was the highest in Trubyte biotone, and It was the lowest in Tiger and Trubyte bioform IPN 2. The bond strength of Lucitone 199 to artificial resin teeth were higher in Orthosit and Trubyte bioform IPN than in Tiger and Trubyte biotone. 3. The bond strength of Trubyte biotone to Vertex Rs was higher than to Lucitone 199 and that of the Trubyte bioform IPN to Lucitone 199 was higher than to Vertex Rs. 4. Nearly all bond failures of specimens occured cohesively within the resin teeth.
Acrylic Resins ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Hot Temperature ; Prosthodontics ; Tigers ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Crowns* ; Resin Cements*

Purpose : The main genetic contribution to type 1 diabetes susceptibility is the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II gene. Several non-HLA chromosomal regions are also known to be involved. We studied the association of HLA class II and non-HLA candidate genes, which are cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), lymphotoxin-alpha(LT-alpha, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, polymorphisms with disease susceptibility in Korean children with type 1 diabetes.Methods : Fifty Korean children with type 1 diabetes (29 girls and 21 boys) and 166 healthy Koreans were investigated in this study. HLA class II alleles were determined by PCR-SSP (sequence-specific primer) and PCR-SSOP (sequence specific oliogonucleotide probe) method. CTLA4 exon 1 polymor phism was analyzed by PCR-SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism), and TNF promotor and LT-alphagene polymorphism by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), respectively. VDR gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP using restriction enzyme FokI, ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI. Results : The frequencies of HLA-DRB1*04, DRB1*09, and DQB1*04 were significantly increased and those of HLA-DRB1*14, DRB1*15, DQB1*05 and DQB1*06 were significantly decreased in the patients with type 1 diabetes compared with the control subjects. No significant differences in the distribution of CTLA4 exon 1, TNF promotor, LT-alpha and VDR gene polymorphisms were observed between the patients with type 1 diabetes and the control subjects. Conclusion : These data suggest that HLA-DRB1*04, DRB1*09, and DQB1*04 are susceptible genes for type 1 diabetes, whereas HLA-DRB1*14, DRB1*15, DQB1*05, and DQB1*06 are protective genes in Korean children. CTLA4 exon 1, TNF promotor, LT-alpha and VDR gene polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Korean children.
Alleles ; Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* ; Disease Susceptibility* ; Exons ; Female ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The authors report two cases of arare post-spinal complication which were hypertension, tachycardia, hyperpyrexia and localized clonic convulsion of the back and lower extremities. Spinal anesthesia was performed with Tetocaine(Tetracaine made in Japan) and 10% dextrose ampule (made by Dongindang, Korea) and by multiple heat sterilization. One recovered well in 14 days with intensive care and medication, and was discharged in one month without any sequelate. The other died 3 hours following spinal anesthesia. We consider the probable causes of the complication as contamination the spinal anesthetic, 10% dextrose and spinal tray, OR deterioration of the spinal anesthetic or the 10% dextrose due to multiple heat sterilization.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Glucose ; Hot Temperature ; Hypertension* ; Critical Care ; Lower Extremity ; Seizures* ; Sterilization ; Tachycardia*

We have had a case of unilateral vocal cord paralysis following endotracheal anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Electromyographic examination of the intrinsic laryngeal muscle to study the nerve injury was not done but we have considered that the recurrent laryngeal nerve was injured following endotracheal anesthesia according to the post-operative laryngeal view and recovery progress. Som factors of nerve injury such as overrotation of the neck during the operation, pressure on the nerve by an overexpanded cuff, vulnerability and the anatomy of the nerve were all deemed to do possible causes, and we considered the interaction of this combination responsible for the nerve injury. The recovery were relatively good and healed within 80 dyas after operation.
Anesthesia* ; Laryngeal Muscles ; Neck ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; Vocal Cord Paralysis*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Gynecology* ; Laparoscopy*

It is difficult to predict the recurrence of or the prognosis for breast cancer because of its tortuous postoperative course. There are many clinical factors and serologic markers which might be associated with the recurrence of the breast cancer, their relationship to recurrence has not been settled. For this reason, carried out a clinical study to determine the risk of recurrence according to the clinical factors, to evaluate the survival rate after recurrence, and to determine the usefulness of several serologic markers which might be associated with recurrence. To that end, medical records of 365 out of 415 patients (except stage IV patient and patients of underknown whereabouts) with breast cancer who underwent surgical therapy between January 1986 and June 1996 at the Department of General Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, were retrospectively reviewed. By the time of follow up, recurrence had occurred in 58 of those 365 patients. The DNA ploidy pattern, the primary tumor size, and primary lymph-node metastasis were associated with recurrence. The last two were high risk factors for recurrence of breast cancer. The most common site of recurrence was the locoregional area, followed by the visceral organs and bones. There was a significant differece in survival according to the location of recurrence. The poorest prognosis was obtained for patients with multiple metastases, followed by visceral and bone metastases. Patients with a locoregional metastasis has a better prognosis than others. The serologic markers that significantly increased at recurrence were CEA, ESR, alkaline phosphatase and r-glutamyl transferase. They should be useful serologic markers for diagnosing the recurrence of breast cancer. However, CA15-3 failed to show any statistical difference because of its low concentration. Therefore, better statistical data are required for CA15-3.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; DNA ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Transferases

No abstract available.
Ectopia Cordis* ; Ultrasonography*

This is a case report of accidental total spinal block during epidural anesthesia with 1.5% lidocaine 20 ml for hemorrhoidectomy in a 25 year old male. It could have been avoided by; a) careful technical application. b) aspiration of spinal fluid and c) use of a test dose. Management consists of the administration of a vasopressor usually with assistance of respiration until dissipation of anesthesia. He was discharged in good condition without complications on the 7th postop, day.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Male ; Respiration