1.Twenty-Five Year Trend Change in the Etiology of Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Infections in Korea, 1996–2020
Seung Ha SONG ; Hyunju LEE ; Hoan Jong LEE ; Eun Song SONG ; Jong Gyun AHN ; Su Eun PARK ; Taekjin LEE ; Hye-Kyung CHO ; Jina LEE ; Yae-Jean KIM ; Dae Sun JO ; Jong-Hyun KIM ; Hyun Mi KANG ; Joon Kee LEE ; Chun Soo KIM ; Dong Hyun KIM ; Hwang Min KIM ; Jae Hong CHOI ; Byung Wook EUN ; Nam Hee KIM ; Eun Young CHO ; Yun-Kyung KIM ; Chi Eun OH ; Kyung-Hyo KIM ; Sang Hyuk MA ; Hyun Joo JUNG ; Kun Song LEE ; Kwang Nam KIM ; Eun Hwa CHOI
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2023;38(16):e127-
Background:
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to the change in the epidemiology of many infectious diseases. This study aimed to establish the pre-pandemic epidemiology of pediatric invasive bacterial infection (IBI).
Methods:
A retrospective multicenter-based surveillance for pediatric IBIs has been maintained from 1996 to 2020 in Korea. IBIs caused by eight bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella species) in immunocompetent children > 3 months of age were collected at 29 centers. The annual trend in the proportion of IBIs by each pathogen was analyzed.
Results:
A total of 2,195 episodes were identified during the 25-year period between 1996 and 2020. S. pneumoniae (42.4%), S. aureus (22.1%), and Salmonella species (21.0%) were common in children 3 to 59 months of age. In children ≥ 5 years of age, S. aureus (58.1%), followed by Salmonella species (14.8%) and S. pneumoniae (12.2%) were common. Excluding the year 2020, there was a trend toward a decrease in the relative proportions of S. pneumoniae (rs = −0.430, P = 0.036), H. influenzae (rs = −0.922, P < 0.001), while trend toward an increase in the relative proportion of S. aureus (rs = 0.850, P < 0.001), S. agalactiae (rs = 0.615, P = 0.001), and S. pyogenes (rs = 0.554, P = 0.005).
Conclusion
In the proportion of IBIs over a 24-year period between 1996 and 2019, we observed a decreasing trend for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae and an increasing trend for S. aureus, S. agalactiae, and S. pyogenes in children > 3 months of age. These findings can be used as the baseline data to navigate the trend in the epidemiology of pediatric IBI in the post COVID-19 era.
2.Early Changes in the Serotype Distribution of Invasive Pneumococcal Isolates from Children after the Introduction of Extended-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in Korea, 2011-2013.
Eun Young CHO ; Eun Hwa CHOI ; Jin Han KANG ; Kyung Hyo KIM ; Dong Soo KIM ; Yae Jean KIM ; Young Min AHN ; Byung Wook EUN ; Sung Hee OH ; Sung Ho CHA ; Hye Kyung CHO ; Young Jin HONG ; Kwang Nam KIM ; Nam Hee KIM ; Yun Kyung KIM ; Jong Hyun KIM ; Hyunju LEE ; Taekjin LEE ; Hwang Min KIM ; Kun Song LEE ; Chun Soo KIM ; Su Eun PARK ; Young Mi KIM ; Chi Eun OH ; Sang Hyuk MA ; Dae Sun JO ; Young Youn CHOI ; Jina LEE ; Geun Ryang BAE ; Ok PARK ; Young Joon PARK ; Eun Seong KIM ; Hoan Jong LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2016;31(7):1082-1088
This study was performed to measure early changes in the serotype distribution of pneumococci isolated from children with invasive disease during the 3-year period following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in Korea. From January 2011 to December 2013 at 25 hospitals located throughout Korea, pneumococci were isolated among children who had invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Serotypes were determined using the Quellung reaction, and the change in serotype distribution was analyzed. Seventy-five cases of IPD were included. Eighty percent of patients were aged 3-59 months, and 32% had a comorbidity that increased the risk of pneumococcal infection. The most common serotypes were 19A (32.0%), 10A (8.0%), and 15C (6.7%). The PCV7 serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F, and 6A) accounted for 14.7% of the total isolates and the PCV13 minus PCV7 types (1, 3, 5, 7F and 19A) accounted for 32.0% of the total isolates. Serotype 19A was the only serotype in the PCV13 minus PCV7 group. The proportion of serotype 19A showed decreasing tendency from 37.5% in 2011 to 22.2% in 2013 (P = 0.309), while the proportion of non-PCV13 types showed increasing tendency from 45.8% in 2011 to 72.2% in 2013 (P = 0.108). Shortly after the introduction of extended-valent PCVs in Korea, serotype 19A continued to be the most common serotype causing IPD in children. Subsequently, the proportion of 19A decreased, and non-vaccine serotypes emerged as an important cause of IPD. The impact of extended-valent vaccines must be continuously monitored.
Adolescent
;
Bacteremia/complications/diagnosis
;
Child
;
Child, Preschool
;
Female
;
Hospitals
;
Humans
;
Infant
;
Male
;
Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology/*prevention & control
;
Pneumococcal Vaccines/*immunology
;
Republic of Korea
;
Serotyping
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae/*classification/isolation & purification
;
Vaccines, Conjugate/*immunology
3.Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Immunocompetent Children in Korea (2006–2010): a Retrospective Multicenter Study
Kyuyol RHIE ; Eun Hwa CHOI ; Eun Young CHO ; Jina LEE ; Jin Han KANG ; Dong Soo KIM ; Yae Jean KIM ; Youngmin AHN ; Byung Wook EUN ; Sung Hee OH ; Sung Ho CHA ; Young Jin HONG ; Kwang Nam KIM ; Nam Hee KIM ; Yun Kyung KIM ; Jong Hyun KIM ; Taekjin LEE ; Hwang Min KIM ; Kun Song LEE ; Chun Soo KIM ; Su Eun PARK ; Young Mi KIM ; Chi Eun OH ; Sang Hyuk MA ; Dae Sun JO ; Young Youn CHOI ; Hoan Jong LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2018;33(6):e45-
BACKGROUND: Invasive bacterial infections in apparently immunocompetent children were retrospectively analyzed to figure causative bacterial organisms in Korea. METHODS: A total of 947 cases from 25 university hospitals were identified from 2006 to 2010 as a continuance of a previous 10-year period study from 1996 to 2005. RESULTS: Escherichia coli (41.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (27.7%), and Staphylococcus aureus (27.1%) were the most common pathogens in infants < 3 months of age. S. agalactiae was the most prevalent cause of meningitis and pneumonia and E. coli was the major cause of bacteremia without localizing signs in this group. In children 3 to 59 months of age, Streptococcus pneumoniae (54.2%), S. aureus (20.5%), and Salmonella spp. (14.4%) were the most common pathogens. S. pneumoniae was the leading cause of pneumonia (86.0%), meningitis (65.0%), and bacteremia without localizing signs (49.0%) in this group. In children ≥ 5 years of age, S. aureus (62.8%) was the predominant pathogen, followed by Salmonella species (12.4%) and S. pneumoniae (11.5%). Salmonella species (43.0%) was the most common cause of bacteremia without localizing signs in this group. The relative proportion of S. aureus increased significantly over the 15-year period (1996–2010) in children ≥ 3 months of age (P < 0.001), while that of Haemophilus influenzae decreased significantly in both < 3 months of age group (P = 0.036) and ≥ 3 months of age groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: S. agalactiae, E. coli, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus are common etiologic agents of invasive bacterial infections in Korean children.
Bacteremia
;
Bacterial Infections
;
Child
;
Epidemiology
;
Escherichia coli
;
Haemophilus influenzae
;
Hospitals, University
;
Humans
;
Infant
;
Korea
;
Meningitis
;
Pneumonia
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Salmonella
;
Staphylococcus aureus
;
Streptococcus agalactiae
;
Streptococcus pneumoniae
4.Erratum: Addition of a Co-Author: Etiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Immunocompetent Children in Korea (2006–2010): a Retrospective Multicenter Study
Kyuyol RHIE ; Eun Hwa CHOI ; Eun Young CHO ; Jina LEE ; Jin Han KANG ; Dong Soo KIM ; Yae Jean KIM ; Youngmin AHN ; Byung Wook EUN ; Sung Hee OH ; Sung Ho CHA ; Young Jin HONG ; Kwang Nam KIM ; Nam Hee KIM ; Yun Kyung KIM ; Jong Hyun KIM ; Taekjin LEE ; Hwang Min KIM ; Kun Song LEE ; Chun Soo KIM ; Su Eun PARK ; Young Mi KIM ; Chi Eun OH ; Sang Hyuk MA ; Dae Sun JO ; Young Youn CHOI ; Hoan Jong LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2019;34(25):e182-
The authors regret that one co-author (Kyung-Hyo Kim) was missing in the article.