Acute scrotum is any pathologic condition of the scrotum or intrascrotal contents that requires emergency medical or surgical management. Management of each disease entity is different, but the differential diagnosis is very difficult. So many testes were lost due to delay of the adequate diagnosis or unnecessary explorations had been taken under the misdiagnosis. A study was done to evaluate the differential diagnostic value of clinical symptoms and signs, physical examinations, laboratory data and radiologic studies including scrotal Doppler ultrasonography on acute scrotum patients. During the two years, thirty patients were visited to emergency medical center of Ajou university. There were 5 patients with testicular torsion, 16 acute epididymitis, 5 orchitis, 3 edema of scrotum, 1 infected hydrocele, the mean age of total patients was 17 years old. Symptoms and signs, laboratory data showed no specific ability to differentiate each disease entities, but radiographic evaluations were useful to differentiate testicular torsion from non-torsion acute scrotum. We could suggest that scrotal Doppler ultrasonography is useful for early differential diagnosis of the acute scrotum, especially in emergency department.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Edema ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Epididymitis ; Humans ; Male ; Orchitis ; Physical Examination ; Scrotum* ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

No abstract available.
Apoptosis* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cell Line* ; Interferon-gamma*

Menisco-meniscal ligaments in knee joint are known as four variants, anterior and posterior transverse meniscal ligament, medial and lateral oblique menisco-meniscal ligament. The ligament which originates from the anterior horn of the meniscus and attached to the posterior horn of the same meniscus, so-called unilateral menisco-meniscal ligament is extremely rare in English literature. The authors experienced a case of medial unilateral menisco-meniscal ligament with posterior horn tear of the medial meniscus in a 49-year-old man. We report this case with a review of literature.
Animals ; Horns ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments* ; Menisci, Tibial ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: Rapid diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) is important for prompt and appropriate treatment, but is often difficult. The B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been described as a powerful diagnostic test for heart failure. The goal of this study was to determine the diagnostic cutoff values of BNP, to evaluate useful factors for the diagnosis of CHF, and to develope a diagnostic algorithm for CHF with acute dyspnea patients. METHODS: BNP levels were obtained in 721 patients presenting to the emergency medical center with acute dyspnea from January 2001 to December 2002. With the use of inclusion criteria, 305 patients were excluded. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture and were analyzed by using Triage BNP assay. Included patients underwent echocardiography to evaluate the left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. RESULTS: The mean BNP concentration was higher in patients with CHF (n=214) than in those with other diagnose (517.31+/-37.70 pg/mL vs 75.53+/-11.25 pg/mL, p<0.001). At a blood concentration of 100 pg/mL, BNP showed a sensitivity of 79 %, a specificity of 83 %, a positive predictive value of 83%, and a negative predictive value of 79%. CONCLUSION: The BNP measurement is a useful tool in the diagnosis of CHF in patients presenting with dyspnea. We propose a diagnostic algorithm for CHF based on the BNP assay.
Diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Emergencies ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart Failure* ; Humans ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Phlebotomy ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Triage

The purpose of this in vivo study was to assess the clinical screening performance of a quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) device in detecting proximal caries in primary molars. Fluorescence loss, red autofluorescence and a simplified QLF score for proximal caries (QS-proximal) were evaluated for their validity in detecting proximal caries in primary molars compared to bitewing radiography.
Three hundred and forty-four primary molar surfaces were included in the study. Carious lesions were scored according to lesion severity assessed by visual-tactile and radiographic examinations. The QLF images were analyzed for two quantitative parameters, fluorescence loss and red autofluorescence, as well as for QS-proximal. For both quantitative parameters and QS-proximal, the sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating curve (AUROC) were calculated as a function of the radiographic scoring index at enamel and dentin caries levels.
Both quantitative parameters showed fair AUROC values for detecting dentine level caries (△F = 0.794, △R = 0.750). QS-proximal showed higher AUROC values (0.757 - 0.769) than that of visual-tactile scores (0.653) in detecting dentine level caries.
The QLF device showed fair screening performance in detecting proximal caries in primary molars compared to bitewing radiography.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for diagnosis of interproximal caries in pediatric intraoral radiographs. A total of 500 intraoral radiographic images of first and second primary molars were used for the study. A CNN model (Resnet 50) was applied for the detection of proximal caries. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under ROC curve (AUC) were calculated on the test dataset. The diagnostic accuracy was 0.84, sensitivity was 0.74, and specificity was 0.94. The trained CNN algorithm achieved AUC of 0.86. The diagnostic CNN model for pediatric intraoral radiographs showed good performance with high accuracy. Deep learning can assist dentists in diagnosis of proximal caries lesions in pediatric intraoral radiographs.

Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PEIR) is a developmental defect in the crown of a pre-eruptive tooth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the size of the pre-eruptive buccal pit radiolucency, which is suspected as PEIR on a panoramic radiography, and the need for restoration after the eruption of a mandibular first molar.The experimental group included 35 mandibular first molars, in which lesions requiring definite restoration were observed during eruption. The control group consisted of 64 sound mandibular first molars after eruption. The sex, age, tooth position, tooth formation stage, size of the pre-eruptive buccal pit radiolucency, and restoration methods in the experimental group and control group were examined.Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed a statistically significant difference in the size of the buccal pit before eruption. The buccal pit size for predicting the need for restoration was further examined by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, and the area under the curve was 0.813 ± 0.047.If radiolucency is observed at the buccal pit of the mandibular first molar before eruption, periodic observations and post-eruption examinations are required.
Crowns ; Molar ; Radiography, Panoramic ; ROC Curve ; Tooth

The purpose of this study was to analyze the ratio and rate of apical closure when inducing root growth of necrotic immature permanent teeth using alternative triple antibiotics. 24 permanent teeth in the treatment group and 27 premolars in the control group were retrospectively studied using periapical radiographs for more than 300 days after the first visit. The difference in the growth rate between the two groups was statistically compared using the Mann-Whitney test at a significance level of 0.05. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the first month and during months 1 – 3, 3 – 6, and 6 – 12. After 12 months, the cumulative rate of decrease in the apical foramen width in the treatment group was 50.59% and that in the control group was 71.82%, which revealed a significant difference between the two groups. There were significant differences in the rates of decrease in the apical foramen width after 3, 6 months, and later period in the treatment group, respectively. The cumulative rate of increase in the root dentin area presented no statistically significant differences between the treatment group and control group during the entire period of examination.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bicuspid ; Dentin ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth Apex ; Tooth

Root resorption of the permanent maxillary incisors can occur due to ectopic eruption of the permanent canines. Severe root resorption threatens the long-term survival of the affected incisors. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for root resorption of the maxillary incisors associated with impacted maxillary canines. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of 65 children and adolescents with ectopically erupting maxillary canines (total of 88 impacted canines). Root resorption of central incisors was significantly associated with the mesiodistal position and root development of the adjacent canine. Root resorption of lateral incisors was significantly associated with sex, age, and the buccolingual and vertical position of the adjacent canine. However, enlargement of the dental follicle was not significantly associated with root resorption of adjacent incisors. Although incisor resorption is difficult to diagnose and predict, our findings suggest that changes in the dental follicles of the erupting maxillary canines do not cause resorption of the adjacent permanent incisors. CBCT should be utilized to ensure early diagnosis of impacted canines and precise evaluation of incisor root resorption.
Adolescent ; Child ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Sac ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incisor ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Root Resorption ; Tooth, Impacted

The purpose of this study was to calculate uncertainty of orthodontic measurement in skeletal class III malocclusion children using lateral cephalometry analysis software which obtained traceability in previous study. Using this data, standard reference of measurement value for skeletal class III malocclusion was obtained.
Lateral cephalometric data was collected from 144 children who visited Pediatric Dentistry from 2017 to 2020 for orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic measurement was analyzed with software which obtained traceability. Type A evaluation of uncertainty and type B evaluation of uncertainty was calculated to obtain combined standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty. Standard reference of skeletal class III children was compared to standard reference of skeletal class I children.
Distribution range for skeletal class III malocclusion children aged 6 to 10 with 95% confidence interval was provided using calculated uncertainty of orthodontic measurement value.