Genes encoding sequence-specific DNA binding proteins have been isolated by screening cDNA libraries constructed in rgt11 expression vector with recognition site DNAs. We isolated a rgt11 recombinant human cDNA clone, designated to C2, using a DNA probe consisted of heptamer of the perfect palindrome (PP; GGGGATTCCCC) of enhancer A (Enh A) of HLA dass I promoter. Sequencing analysis showed that this clone contained a partial cDNA homologous to NF-kB2. Lysogenic E. coli containing the C2 was generated and crude cell extract was prepared. Immunoblot using anti-B-galactosidase antibody showed that this lysogenic E. coli expressed B-galactosidase fusion protein. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and DNase I footprinting assay were done using crude cell extract and their patterns were compared with nuclear protein extracted from an EBV transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line (BLCL). EMSA showed that crude cell extract prepared from E. coli lysogen speci5cally bound to the PP of Enh A region of HLA class I gene. DNase I footprinting assay showed that the binding sequence of this recombinant B-galactosidase fusion protein was identical to that of nuclear protein extracted from a BLCL. Our data indicate that a Agt11 recombinant cDNA clone was isolated from a human cDNA library using the PP of Enh A of the HLA class I promoter and this clone encoded a B-galactosidase fusion protein capable of binding to the PP and belongs to a NF-xB subunit.
Cell Line ; Clone Cells ; Deoxyribonuclease I ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary* ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Gene Library ; Genes, MHC Class I ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans* ; Mass Screening ; Nuclear Proteins

BACKGROUND: Endobroncheal intubation or extubation may occur accidentally when the patient's neck is flexed or extended even in the appropriate endotracheal intubation. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of fixation or unfixation of the endotracheal tube at the teeth level on the displacement of its distal end when the patient's neck is extended or flexed. METHODS: This study was conducted in 37 patients who underwent endotracheal general anesthesia. The patients with the evidence of pathology in head, neck and chest were excluded from the study. Individual patient's displacement in endotracheal tube tip compared unfixed cases with fixed cases when the change of neck position. The moved distance was measured by fiberoptic bronchoscope. The data were statistically analyzed by Student's paired t-test. RESULTS: The endotracheal tube moved away from the carina when the patient's neck was extended, while it moved toward the carina when flexed in all cases. When the patient's neck was extended the average distance displaced 1.2 0.7 cm in fixed cases and 1.1 0.9 cm in unfixed cases. when the neck was flexed, they were 1.2 0.5 cm and 1.0 0.8 cm respectively. There were not statistically significant between the fixed and the unfixed cases. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the displacement of the endotracheal tube is not related to its fixation or unfixation at the teeth level and therefore, unfixation does not provide any benefits in terms of the displacement of the distal end of the tube in adult trachea.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Bronchoscopes ; Head ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Neck* ; Pathology ; Thorax ; Tooth ; Trachea

Subcutaneous emphysema is a complication of the pneumoperitoneum necessary to perform laparoscopy and will be seen more often as laparoscopic techniques are applied to a growing number of intraabdominal procedures. We report a case of subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia without pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was treated by multiple puncture with 18G needle on emphysematous site. The suspected cause is inadvertent subcutaneous insufflation of carbon dioxide through the trocar sites by increased intra-abdominal pressure for the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. Immediate recognition, evaluation, and treatment of subcutaneous emphysema is necessary since this can be life-threatening complication.
Carbon Dioxide ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Needles ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Pneumothorax ; Punctures ; Subcutaneous Emphysema* ; Surgical Instruments

There are several methods for diagnosis of leprosy, including AFB stain, the measurement of PGL-1 (phenolic glycolipid - 1) antigen titer, and DNA-PCR. In this study, we have used the DNA-PCR amplifying the RLEP repetitive sequence. Our result showed that the RLEP primer offered the more sensitive detection and identification of M. leprae DNA in clinical specimens, compared with the other primer, for example, 18-kDa antigen gene. To screen the resistant M. leprae strain of MDT (Multi-Drug Therapy), we have used the TD (Touch-Down) PCR. We arranged and amplified sequences of the genes, folP, rpoB, gyr, 23S rRNA, in M. leprae involved in MDT-resistance, and could obtain the PCR product each gene, simultaneously. This method, based on annealing temperature, was useful to the detection for diagnosis and the screen of MDT-resistant strain of M. leprae, rapidly. Thus, we suggest that the RLEP primer and TD-PCR method are effective in assessing the diagnosis of leprosy and the identification of drug-resistant M. leprae.
Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Leprosy* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

A 19-year-old man had a good neurologic recovery from a severe hypothermia(19 degrees C) and a prolonged coma following active infernal rewarming. From inhaling hydrocarbons, he was left unconscious on the cold floor for 24 hours. As soon as the patient was brought into the emergency medical center, he was early evaluated arid treated aggressively. ECG showed Osborn(J) wave on all leads. The temperature o( patient was increased by 2-3 degrees C per hour through active external rewarming (by heating blankets and warm bag) and active infernal rewarming (by airway rewarming, warmed IV fluids, gastrointestinal tract irrigation, and bladder irrigation). The temperature reached 36 degrees C after 6 hours. Active infernal rewarming provides rapid core rewarming with the additional benefit of circulatory support during the period of cardiac instability.
Coma ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons* ; Hypothermia* ; Inhalation ; Rewarming ; Unconsciousness* ; Urinary Bladder ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

No abstract available.

For 10 years and 10 months duration from January 1966 to October 1976. 28 patients with bladder rupture (19 patients had intraperitoneal bladder rupture and 9 patients had extraperitoneal rupture) were observed, among 131 patients hospitalized with urogenital injuries. 1) In this series, the bladder rupture (28 patients) formed 21.4 per cent of the total number of urogenital injuries (131 patients). 2) The 28 patients comprised 22 male and 6 female cases. Three patients were belonged to the age group of 0 to 19 years old, 16 cases were 20 to 39 years old, 4 were 40 to 49 years old, 4 were 50 to 59 years old, and one was 62 years old. 3) Traffic accidents were responsible for the injury in 13 patients, direct blow in 4 patients, industrial accidents in 3 patients, iatrogenic injury in 2 patients, fall down in one patient and in one patient the bladder rupture developed during delivery. Spontaneous bladder ruptures were seen in 4 patients. 4) Of the 28 patients, 15 bad an associated fractured pelvis. Fractured of the both pubic rami were most frequent: 7 cases, unilateral pubic ramus fractures were the next, and acetabular fractures: 2 cases, separation of the symphysis pubis: 2 cases, fracture of wing of the ilium. one case and communized pelvic ring fracture : one case were also noted. 5) Diagnosis was made by retrograde cystography, cystoscopy and laparotomy. Ninety three per cent of the diagnosis was made by retrograde cystography. 6) Ten patients with intraperitoneal rupture and 8 patients with extraperitoneal rupture were treated by operative repair of the defect with suprapubic cystostomy and drainage of the perivesical space. Six patients with intraperitoneal rupture and one patient with extraperitoneal rupture were treated by operative repair of the defect with indwelling urethral catheter and drainage of the perivesical space. The remaining 3 patients died soon after arrival to hospital with heavy injury of several visceral organs and one died of preexisting bladder tumor. 7) There was a 14. 3 per cent mortality rate. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment of bladder rupture is essential to reduce mortality.
Accidents, Occupational ; Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Adult ; Cystoscopy ; Cystostomy ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Ilium ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pelvis ; Rupture* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Catheters ; Young Adult

During the last 10 years 8 months clinical observation has been done on 43 cases of cryptorchisms. 1. The cryptorchism has relatively high incidence rate among the anomalies of genitourinary tract (27. 2%). 2. The age group, most frequently seen, was between 6 to 10 and the average age visited the hospital at the first time is 11.4 years. It means 4 t 6 years later than age for the adequate treatment required. 3. Atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, interstitial fibrosis and poor or absent spermatogenesis were noted on the 8 cases of cryptorchid biopsies. 4. Hormonal therapy (Puberogen) was done on 16 cases and 8 cases were responded. But there was no complete descent of testis through this hormonal therapy.
Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Cryptorchidism ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis

No abstract available.
Antigen-Antibody Complex* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans