We studied 193 Diabetics without any symptoms of coronary artery disease and 39 Normal healthy subjects as Control group, using treadmill exercise test and obtained following results. 1) The positive rate was significantly higher in Diabetics(19.4% in Normal ECG groups and 25.4% in total Diabetics)than Control groups(5.1%)(0.010.05). 5) There was no difference in HbAIC, Total cholesterol and Triglyceride between positive and negative groups(P>0.05). In summary, with exercise test, the positive rate was higher in Diabetics than in Normal control groups and it seemed to be treadmill exercise test is a useful screening method for evaluation of coronary artery disease as well as for assesment of treatment and follow up care.
Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Electrocardiography ; Equidae ; Exercise Test* ; Heart Rate ; Mass Screening ; Triglycerides

A survey of the literature on the treatment of ruptures of deltoid ligament associated with fracture of distal part of fibula is controversial. Some authors advocated surgical repair of the ruptured deltoid ligament based on the theoretical consideration, while others advocated non-operative treatment based on the clinical consideration. We studied the results in forty-five patients who were treated for disruption of the deltoid ligament and a distal fibular fracture. The length of follow-up in our series was twelve to twenty-four months, with an average of fifteen months. When the fibular fracture was adequately reduced and medial clear space was returned to its normal width, the 91 percents both of patients of being treated with repair of deltoid ligament and patients of being treated without repair had a good or excellent results.
Clinical Study ; Fibula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Rupture

A 6-year-old boy was anesthetized with halothane-N2O-O2 for anal fistulectomy. During induction of anesthesia, trismus developed soon after intravenous injection of S.C,C. and persisted for several minutes, associated with increased serum creatinine phosphokinase (C.P.K.) levels and elevated body temperature only up to 37. 8C (without hyperkalemia & myoglobinuria). The operation was postponed and uneventfully performed 4 days later with a normal limit of serum C.P.K. levels, under premedication by intramuscular injection of Valium(diazepam) and induction of anesthesia with halothane-Oplus intravenous injection of Valium for intubation, without any muscular rigidity or increased serum C.P.K. levels. Therefore the authors think there is a difference between this case and malignant hyperpyrexia following anesthesia, and also that the boy had a hyposensitivity predisposition to S.C.C. rather than halothane. Without accurate investigation for predisposition of muscular rigidity, We recommended Valium injection for premedication and induction of anesthesia for prevention of the muscular rigidity.
Anesthesia ; Body Temperature ; Child ; Creatinine ; Diazepam ; Halothane ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Injections, Intravenous ; Intubation ; Male ; Malignant Hyperthermia ; Muscle Rigidity ; Premedication ; Succinylcholine* ; Trismus*

PURPOSE:This study was designed to clarify the mechanism of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome patients by using puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis model. METHODS:Following administration of various concentrations of PAN and antioxidants we observed the changes of podocyte cytoskeletons in cultured rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEpC) by method of scanning electron microscope, reactive oxyten species (ROS) analysis, permeability assay, confocal microscope, and Western blot assay. RESULTS:PAN not only induced the ultrastructural changes of GEpC, such as shortening and fusion of microvilli, but also separated the intercellular gaps and linear ZO-1. PAN induced oxidative stresses in time and dose dependent manners and increases of intercellular permeability in anti-oxidants inhibitable manners. High concentration of PAN induced not only actin polymerization and disorganization, but also the conglomerulation and internal dislocation of alpha-actinin protein. The intensities of fluorescences of ZO-1 protein were diminished and internalized by PAN in a dose-dependent manner, which were inhibited by anti anti-oxidants. CONCLUSION:PAN induced the changes of podocytes cytoskeleton and junctional barriers by way of increasing ROS in GEpC that resulted in increasing their permeability in a antioxidatn-inhibitable manner. Glomerular hyperpermeability induced by PAN mediateing through oxidative stresses is thought to take part in the mechanism of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome. (Korean J Pediatr 2008;51:54-61)
Actinin ; Actins ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blotting, Western ; Cytoskeleton ; Dislocations ; Electrons ; Epithelial Cells ; Glycyrrhetinic Acid ; Humans ; Microvilli ; Nephrosis ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Oxidative Stress ; Permeability ; Podocytes ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Proteinuria ; Puromycin ; Puromycin Aminonucleoside ; Rats

A ureterocele is a sacculation of the terminal portion of the ureter. On the base of location of the orifice, ureteroceles are divided into simple and ectopic types. The simple ureteroceles arise from nor mally located ureteral orifice and are more common in adults than in children and relatively small. The ectopic ureteroceles arise from a ureteral opening in the bladder neck or urethra and are related to the upper pole ureter of duplicated ureters. Herein we report 2 cases of simple ureterocele complicated by a stone and infection each other with review of literatures.
Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Neck ; Ureter ; Ureterocele* ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder

We report a rare case of primary glomerular disease with both features of IgA nephropathy and membranous glomerulonephritis in a 27 year-old woman with nephrotic syndrome. Histologically, glomeruli showed slight mesangial expansion, proliferation of mesangial cells, and short subepithelial spikes on capillary wall. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated granular IgG and C3 deposits along the capillary walls, and IgA with C3 deposits in mesangium. Granular subepithelial and rnesangial deposits were observed by electron microscopy. The patient showed complete remission after 6 months therapy with steroid and ACE inhibitor.
Adult ; Capillaries ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mesangial Cells ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nephrotic Syndrome

Hypercarbia can occur in spite of adequate ventilation if removal of carbon dioxide from the inspired gases is inadequate. Neither blood pressure nor heart rate is a reliable indicator of hypercarbia. A 53-year old male, ASA physical status II with mild hypertensive patient underwent primary repair because of rotator cuff tear of the shoulder. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental-succinylcholine and maintained with pancuronium- Halothane-N2O-O2 in a semiclosed circle system. We report occurrence of hypercarbia due to replacement with an incorrect unidirectional valve which is too small to function properly.
Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide ; Gases ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Ventilation

Severe bronchospasm, hypotension and skin rash were observed in a 23 year-old woman after injection of gallamine iodide. Her past history revealed no asthmatic and allergic diathesis. Initial administration of succinylcholine induced a mild degree of bronchspasm and urticaria-like skin rash, which were intensified in severity after gallamine injection under the anesthetic state. Administration of hydrocortisone 500mg I.V. and antihistaminic(Avil), 100pmg I.M., produced successful relief of bronchospasm with circulatory embarrassment. A review was done as to histamine libration and bronchospasm due to succinylcholine, gallamine, d-tubocurarine, thiopental and atropine. The value of intradermal skin rash test was discussed.
Atropine ; Bronchial Spasm ; Disease Susceptibility ; Exanthema ; Female ; Gallamine Triethiodide ; Histamine ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypotension ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental ; Tubocurarine

Arterial pressure increased from normal to 80~90 mrn Hg, 90~100 mm Hg & 110 ~130 mmHg when the intracrania1 pressure was mechanically elevated to 20~40, mm Hg, 50~70 mm Hg & 90~l00mmHg respectively, while rabbits (average 3kg) were anesthetized with subcuttneous urethane, (1gm/kg), In these circumstances, there was no specific change in the intracranial pressure, or arterial pressure between two groups when one was given intravenous 5mg/kg of gallamine and the other 0. 5mg /kg of intravenous pancuronium. But in a group given 1mg/ kg of d-tubocurarine, arterial pressure decreased significantly, while intracranial pressure was not changed particularly arterial pressure decreased more significantly when the intracranial pressure was increased to 90~100 mm Hg, resulting in an initial arterial pressure of 110~130 mm Hg. Therefore the authors recommend. d-tubocurarine as the agent of choice among these three non-depolarizing muscle relaxants for induction and maintpnance of anesthesia in patients with elevated intracranial pressure pre-operatively.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure* ; Gallamine Triethiodide* ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; Pancuronium* ; Rabbits* ; Tubocurarine* ; Urethane

We found a mistake in our recently published article.